CXCR1 Expression in MDA-PCa-2b Cell Upregulates ITM2A to Inhibit Tumor Growth.

Background: Chemokines, along with their receptors, exert critical roles in tumor development and progression. In prostate cancer (PCa), interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) was shown to enhance angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. CXCL8 activates two receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2.

Status of sperm mitochondrial functions and DNA methylation in infertile men with clinical varicocele before and after treatment.

Varicocele has been associated with reduced male fertility potential. Treatment modalities for varicocele improve semen parameters, yet more than 50% of cases remain infertile. Varicocele-induced heat and hypoxia stress may affect sperm mitochondrial functions, possibly leading to aberrant epigenetic modifications.

Comparative Clinical and Radiographic Success Rate of Bioceramic Premix vs Biosilicate-based Medicament as Indirect Pulp Treatment Materials in Primary Molars: A Double-blind Randomized Trial with a Follow-up of 12 Months.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic success of NeoPUTTY® and Biodentine™ as indirect pulp treatment (IPT) materials in primary molars.

Materials And Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on children aged 5-9 years. Class I carious lesions in primary molars indicated for IPT were divided into two groups-group I, NeoPUTTY®, and group II, Biodentine™.

Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Microbiological Assessment of Caries Excavation Using Conventional, Smart Bur, Chemomechanical Method and ErCr: YSGG Laser.

Objectives: Caries removal efficacy in terms of microbiological burden using Tungsten Carbide Bur No. 330, Polymer bur, BRIX 3000, and ErCr: YSGG Laser.

Methods: Class I open dentinal caries was selected and divided into four groups ( = 15) depending on caries excavation methods.

Impact of Varicocele Repair on Assisted Reproductive Technique Outcomes in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated assisted reproductive technology (ART) success in infertile men with clinical varicocele and abnormal semen parameters who underwent varicocele repair (VR) before the ART procedure as compared to those who did not.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search of the Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted using a specific query string to identify studies examining the impact of VR on ART outcomes, including fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and live-birth rate, until October 2023. Outcomes were analyzed based on the type of ART.

The Year in Graduate Medical Education: Selected Highlights from 2023.

This special article is the third in an annual series of the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia that highlights significant literature from the world of graduate medical education published over the past year. Major themes addressed in this review include the potential uses and pitfalls of artificial intelligence in graduate medical education, trainee well-being and the rise of unionized house staff, the effect of gender and race/ethnicity on residency application and attrition rates, and the adoption of novel technologies in medical simulation and education. The authors thank the editorial board for again allowing us to draw attention to some of the more interesting work published in the field of graduate medical education during 2023.

Guidance of Erupting First Permanent Molar in Complex Clinical Scenarios: A Case Series.

Aim: The aim of this current case series is to propose various design modifications of the conventional distal shoe space maintainers in relation to complex clinical scenarios.

Background: Primary dentition plays a significant role in preserving space for underlying unerupted permanent teeth; early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious public health problem in both developing and developed countries, and it is often left untreated. Its consequences can have an immediate and long-term impact on the child's quality of life and overall health.

"Chronic bronchial foreign body managed by lobectomy and latissimus dorsi flap: case report".

Introduction And Importance: Foreign body aspiration is a common occurrence, with severe outcomes seen in all age groups. It can present like any chronic respiratory disease with a wide spectrum of misleading symptoms, resulting in misdiagnosis and delays in appropriate treatment.

Case Presentation: Here we present a case of a 11 year boy diagnosed with occult foreign body aspiration, chronically impacted in the left secondary bronchus, presented with bronchiectasis and multiple failed attempts at bronchoscopic retrieval.

Designing Prefaculty Competencies for Diverse Learners Through a Modified Delphi Process.

Importance: Faculty diversity in academic medicine may better prepare the next generation of equity-minded health care practitioners and leaders. Prefaculty development is an emerging concept to support trainees in achieving key knowledge, skills, and experiences to become successful faculty.

Objective: To outline competencies, with corresponding milestones, to support the academic career development of learners, inclusive of racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender identities minoritized in medicine.

The Year in Aortic Surgery: Selected Highlights From 2023.

This article reviews the recent and relevant literature to the field of aortic surgery. Specific areas highlighted include outcomes of Stanford type A dissection, management of acute aortic syndromes, management of aortic aneurysms, and traumatic aortic injury. Although the focus was on articles from 2023, literature from prior years also was included, given that this article is the first of a series.

Adolescents and young adults with cancer: the clinical course of COVID-19 infections.

Adolescents and young adults (ie, individuals aged 15-39 years, known as AYAs) with cancer face unique vulnerabilities yet remain underrepresented in clinical trials, including adult registries of COVID-19 in cancer (AYAs: 8%-12%). We used the Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report to examine the clinical course of COVID-19 among AYAs with cancer. The Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report collects deidentified clinical and sociodemographic data regarding individuals aged from birth to 39 years with cancer (37%) and COVID-19 from more than 100 institutions.

Is the "Pandemic Diet" Nonlithogenic?

The COVID-19 pandemic and worldwide quarantine resulted in major changes in individual lifestyles. In New York State, March 16, 2020, marked the end of in-restaurant dining and a reported shift to more cooking at home. We investigated the 24-hour urine of patients with known history of nephrolithiasis to see if changes during COVID-19 pandemic altered the risk of stone disease.

Association of Inflammatory Markers With Disease Progression and the Severity of COVID-19.

Introduction In December 2019, there was a massive outbreak of viral pneumonia, which had a high case fatality rate. Genetic sequencing of the virus showed similarity with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It was later named novel coronavirus 2019 while the disease it caused was given the nomenclature of COVID-19.

Beating Heart Transplants-Overview and Implications for Anesthesiologists.

As the demand for heart allografts for transplantation continues to rise, ex vivo organ perfusion strategies are playing an increasingly important role in the preservation of organs from donation after circulatory death and extended-criteria donors. One such method uses the Organ Care System (TransMedics, Andover, MA). Traditionally, this technique of preservation requires 2 periods of warm ischemia and subsequent cardioplegic arrest.

Anti-Siglec-15 Antibody Prevents Marked Bone Loss after Acute Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Immobilization in Rats.

Rapid and extensive sublesional bone loss after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a difficult medical problem that has been refractory to available interventions except the antiresorptive agent denosumab (DMAB). While DMAB has shown some efficacy in inhibiting bone loss, its concurrent inhibition of bone formation limits its use. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-15 is expressed on the cell surface of mature osteoclasts.

Bilateral single system ectopic ureters - A rare variant.

Bilateral single system ectopic ureters are a rare entity in paediatric urology. We report a girl child with bilateral single system ectopic ureters with right system opening into the vagina, who presented at 3.5 years with continuous dribbling of urine & a small capacity bladder.

Reimbursement of Lumbar Fusion at an Orthopaedic Specialty Hospital Versus Tertiary Referral Center.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To explore the differences in Medicare reimbursement for lumbar fusion performed at an orthopaedic specialty hospital (OSH) and a tertiary referral center and to elucidate drivers of Medicare reimbursement differences.

Summary Of Background Data: To provide more cost-efficient care, appropriately selected patients are increasingly being transitioned to OSHs for lumbar fusion procedures.

Barriers to Healthcare: Non-English Speaking and Elderly Patients More Likely to Have Retained Ureteral Stents.

Objective: To identify factors for retained ureteral stents in our institution of patients receiving de novo ureteral stents. Ureteral stent placement, a commonly performed urologic procedure, is a temporary measure and requires timely removal. Retained ureteral stents may result in significant morbidities and need for additional procedures.