Changes in Cholinesterase Activity in Blood of Adolescent with Metabolic Syndrome after Supplementation with Extract from .

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are growing problems among children and adolescents. There are no reports of changes in the activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome especially after supplementation with extract from . Materials studied included plasma and erythrocytes isolated from peripheral blood of patients with MetS and healthy subjects.

Comparison of the effects of rosuvastatin monotherapy and atorvastatin-ezetimibe combined therapy on the structure of erythrocyte membranes in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Abnormalities in the physical properties of the red blood cells (RBCs) membranes may underlie the defects that are strongly linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of the study was to compare the effects of two therapies of equal hipolipemic efficacy on the erythrocyte membrane fluidity, concentration of membrane cholesterol, lipids peroxidation and RBCs distribution witdh in patients with CVD.

Methods: The study included 44 patients with angiographic evidence of CVD, who despite previous 6-month hypolipemic therapy, did not achieve the concentration of LDL-C <70mg/dl.

The in vitro comparative study of the effect of BPA, BPS, BPF and BPAF on human erythrocyte membrane; perturbations in membrane fluidity, alterations in conformational state and damage to proteins, changes in ATP level and Na/K ATPase and AChE activities.

Bisphenols are massively used in the industry, and thus the exposure of biota including humans to these substances has been noted. In this study we have assessed the effect of BPA and its selected analogs, i.e.

Decreased activity of butyrylcholinesterase in blood plasma of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Introduction: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous lipids and xenobiotics, such as esters of carboxylic or phosphoric acids. Butyrylcholinesterase activity is associated with both inflammation and oxidative stress. Changes in the activity of this enzyme have been observed in various diseases such as liver cirrhosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and others.

Tolerance of monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial endotoxin.

Monocytes belong to myeloid effector cells, which constitute the first line of defense against pathogens, also called the nonspecific immune system and play an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In response to stimulation, monocytes differentiate into macrophages capable of microorganism phagocytosis and secrete factors that play a key role in the regulation of immune responses. However excessive exposure of monocytes/macrophages to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram negative bacteria leads to the acquisition of immune tolerance by these cells.

Effect of intensive lipid-lowering therapies on cholinesterase activity in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Many disease entities, including coronary artery disease (CAD), demonstrate abnormalities in the activity of cholinesterases. As CAD is characterized by an increase in cholesterol level, patients with this disease are treated with lipid-lowering drugs. The present study attempts to determine how statin or combined statin and ezetimibe therapy influences cholinesterase activity.

The Effect of Combined Ezetimibe/Atorvastatin Therapy vs. Atorvastatin Monotherapy on the Erythrocyte Membrane Structure in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Pilot Study.

Background: Erythrocytes play an important role in atherogenesis. An excessive accumulation of cholesterol in erythrocyte membranes leads to disruption of the erythrocytes.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two different hypolipidemic therapies on the structure of erythrocyte membranes.

The Impact of Glyphosate, Its Metabolites and Impurities on Viability, ATP Level and Morphological changes in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

The toxicity of herbicides to animals and human is an issue of worldwide concern. The present study has been undertaken to assess toxic effect of widely used pesticide-glyphosate, its metabolites: aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and methylphosphonic acid and its impurities: N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA), N-methylglyphosate, hydroxymethylphosphonic acid and bis-(phosphonomethyl)amine on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We have evaluated the effect of those compounds on viability, ATP level, size (FSC-A parameter) and granulation (SSC-A parameter) of the cells studied.

[PARP1 inhibitors: contemporary attempts at their use in anticancer therapy and future perspective].

Current cancer therapies are based mainly on the use of compounds that cause DNA damage. Unfortunately, even the combination therapies do not give rewarding effects, due to the high efficiency of DNA damage repair mechanisms in tumor cells. Therefore, the present studies should be focused on proteins that are involved in DNA repair systems.

Intensive statin therapy, used alone or in combination with ezetimibe, improves homocysteine level and lipid peroxidation to a similar degree in patients with coronary artery diseases.

Background: Increase in the concentration of homocysteine is one of the risks of cardiovascular diseases. Coronary artery disease accompanied the increase of LDL cholesterol level and hipolipemic drugs are used in such treatments. Also these drugs have pleiotropic effects, which are not greatly known.

Oxidative stress and damage to erythrocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease--changes in ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activity.

The study indicates, for the first time, the changes in both ATPase and AChE activities in the membrane of red blood cells of patients diagnosed with COPD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common and severe lung disorders. We examined the impact of COPD on redox balance and properties of the membrane of red blood cells.

[Supplementation with omega fatty acids in various diseases].

For some decades, an increase in propagation of coronary heart disease, obesity, diabetes, tumors and mental disorders has been observed. Consequently, new and effective methods of treatment of these diseases using drugs and diet supplements have been developed. A promising solution is the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of some diseases.

[The use of various diet supplements in metabolic syndrome].

Civilization development is associated with immense progress in science and significant improvement of human living conditions but simultaneously it contributes to many health problems including metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a set of mutually associated factors including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, lipids disorders and hypertension, which is the main cause of development of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. The first line of defense against metabolic syndrome is a change of life style including body mass reduction, application of a low-calorie diet and performance of physical activity.

[Increased level of lipid peroxidation products and disturbances in oxidation-reduction balance in erythrocytes from patients suffering from systemic sclerosis, who are chronically treated with vitamin E].

Unlabelled: Systemic sclerosis is a chronic connective tissue disease of unknown pathogenesis. In view of the reports of essential role of oxidative stress in development of disease, trials with supportive care with vitamin E are undertaken. The aim of the study was to estimate parameters of oxidation-reduction balance in erythrocytes from scleroderma patients, who were chronically treated with vitamin E compared with healthy controls.

Increased oxidative stress and decreased membrane fluidity in erythrocytes of CAD patients.

One of many risk factors for cardiovascular disease appears to be oxidative stress. To estimate possible changes in redox balance, membrane fluidity, and cholesterol level in erythrocytes was collected erythrocytes from patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). The study included 20 patients with previous myocardial infarction occurring more than 6 months prior to the time of screening with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) > 70 mg/dL and 21 healthy controls.

Effect of safeners on damage of human erythrocytes treated with chloroacetamide herbicides.

Chloroacetamides are used as pre-emergent substances for growth control of annual grasses and weeds. Since they can be harmful for crop plants, protective compounds (safeners) are used along with herbicides. So far, their effects on human blood cells have not been evaluated, and this study is the very first one devoted to this subject.

Oxidative damages in erythrocytes of patients with metabolic syndrome.

The aim of the study was to estimate the changes caused by oxidative stress in structure and function of membrane of erythrocytes from patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The study involved 85 patients with MS before pharmacological treatment and 75 healthy volunteers as a control group. Cholesterol level, lipid peroxidation, glutathione level (GSH), and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes were investigated.

Effect of polyphenols extracts from Brassica vegetables on erythrocyte membranes (in vitro study).

The aim of this work was to estimate the in vitro effects of polyphenol extracts from Brassica vegetables (Brussels sprouts and red cabbage) on erythrocyte membranes with normal and high concentration of cholesterol. To determine the effect of phenolic compounds we prospectively studied cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity and ATPase activity. Polyphenol extracts from Brassica vegetables resulted in statistically significant reductions in cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolemic erythrocytes.

In vivo influence of extract from Aronia melanocarpa on the erythrocyte membranes in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Hypercholesterolemia increases cholesterol concentration in erythrocyte membranes, which results in decrease of membrane fluidity and decreases the deformability of red blood cells. The fruits of Arona melanocarpa contains many of polyphenols and other compounds that have beneficial health effects.

Material/methods: The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of 2-month supplementation of extract from Aronia melanocarpa (100 mg Aronox, three times per day) on cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity, level of thiol groups and activity of ATPase in erythrocytes from patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Disorders of erythrocyte structure and function in hypertensive patients.

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is growing at an alarming rate. Increasing attention is being focussed on the oxidative stress accompanying this disease. In this study we examined the impact of this disease on some parameters of erythrocytes and human blood plasma.

Uncaria tomentosa extracts protect human erythrocyte catalase against damage induced by 2,4-D-Na and its metabolites.

The effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts from leaves and bark of Uncaria tomentosa was studied, with particular attention to catalase activity (CAT - EC. 1.11.

[The effect of dioxins on the human organism--epidemiological studies].

For many years dioxins have been the subject of the interest to many research centers due to their widespread occurrence, and high toxicity, and thus they are supposed to be significantly dangerous to humans. In general, dioxins affect all human beings. Workers employed in different branches of industry (chemical, metallurgical and pulp sectors) are especially at high risk.

Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of hydroxycinnamic acids, quercetin, and cyanidin 3-glucoside in hypercholesterolemic erythrocytes (in vitro study).

Objective: Four polyphenols: ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid (hydroxycinnamic acids), quercetin (flavonol) and cyanidin 3-glucoside (anthocyanin) were selected, and their antioxidant properties and their influence on cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic and normal erythrocytes were investigated.

Methods: To determine the effect of phenolic compounds, we prospectively studied cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation and membranes fluidity. Whole-blood and isolated erythrocytes (2% hematocrit) were incubated for 24 h with selected compounds at concentration 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L.

Protective activity of the Uncaria tomentosa extracts on human erythrocytes in oxidative stress induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and catechol.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Uncaria tomentosa on human erythrocytes and additionally the assessment of protective effect of these extracts on hemolysis induction, hemoglobin oxidation, and changes in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, which were provoked by selected xenobiotics, i.e. 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and catechol.

Melatonin treatment improves blood pressure, lipid profile, and parameters of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Experimental studies have proven that melatonin has many beneficial pleiotropic actions. The aim of this study was to assess melatonin efficacy in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The study included 33 healthy volunteers (who were not treated with melatonin) and 30 patients with MS, who did not respond to 3-month lifestyle modification.