Dynamics of AMPA receptors regulate epileptogenesis in patients with epilepsy.

The excitatory glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) contribute to epileptogenesis. Thirty patients with epilepsy and 31 healthy controls are scanned using positron emission tomography with our recently developed radiotracer for AMPARs, [C]K-2, which measures the density of cell-surface AMPARs. In patients with focal-onset seizures, an increase in AMPAR trafficking augments the amplitude of abnormal gamma activity detected by electroencephalography.

[Sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome showing abnormal FDG uptake in lymph nodes and muscles upon post-chemotherapy PET/CT imaging].

A 65-year-old woman was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in 2010 and was treated with methotrexate (MTX). In 2012, she was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and underwent a follow-up therapy for mild peripheral neuropathy due to neurosarcoidosis. In 2018, she experienced primary splenic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and was diagnosed with sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome (SLS).

The adaptation of a neuroendoscopic sheath to a Leksell stereotactic frame to make it suitable for approaching small ventricles: a technical note.

Efficient endoscopic surgery in cases involving small ventricles is difficult but possible. The authors describe a neuroendoscopic sheath that has been improved to make it suitable for use with a Leksell stereotactic frame, which enabled us to accurately insert a stereotactic needle into the small ventricle and provided an adequate surgical corridor. A biopsy was performed on a 6-year-old girl who had a primary central nervous system lymphoma in the pineal body without hydrocephalus.