Self-remitting Bartonella neuroretinitis without a cat scratch.

•Bartonella infection is a leading cause in patients with neuroretinitis.•Ocular involvement occurs in 5-10% of people with cat-scratch disease (CSD).•Bartonella neuroretinitis presents without systemic signs and symptoms of CSD.

Evaluation for effect of hypothermia on the disposition of 4-nitrophenol in rats by in-vitro metabolism study and rat liver perfusion system.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hypothermia on the in-vivo pharmacokinetics of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) using rat liver homogenate and rat liver perfusion system.

Methods: Rat liver homogenate was incubated with 4NP, which is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1, at 37, 34, 32 or 28°C. The Michaelis constant (Km ) and maximum elimination velocity (Vmax ) of 4NP were calculated by a Hanes-Woolf plot.