Profiling Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Expression Based on the Immune Microenvironment in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Although several studies have shown favorable outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) with fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutations and/or expression, the relationship between immune cell markers and FGFR3 expression remains unknown.

Objective: To clarify the FGFR3-based immune microenvironment and investigate biomarkers to predict the treatment response to pembrolizumab (Pem) in patients with UTUC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted immunohistochemical staining in 214 patients with UTUC.

Site-Specific Differences in PD-1 Blockade Success and Biomarkers in Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Pembrolizumab.

Introduction: Since tumors in different human organs may have different tumor microenvironments, we evaluate time-course changes in all tumor locations after pembrolizumab treatment in urothelial carcinoma (UC) to examine the differences in efficacy of pembrolizumab per organ. Further, we uncover the usefulness of inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP, and kinetics of these markers to predict pembrolizumab success and relation to overall survival (OS) in UC.

Patients And Methods: A total of 115 cancerous lesions from 44 UC patients were measurable based on RECIST 1.

A low subcutaneous fat mass is a risk factor for the development of inguinal hernia after radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: Inguinal hernia (IH) after radical prostatectomy (RP) is a complication that impairs quality of life; however, the factors contributing to IH after RP remain unclear. Therefore, we herein attempted to identify the factors responsible for the development of IH after RP.

Methods: We reviewed 622 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted laparoscopic RP at our hospital between December 2011 and April 2020.

Does neoadjuvant chemotherapy have therapeutic benefit for node-positive upper tract urothelial carcinoma? Results of a multi-center cohort study.

Objective: The indications of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for lymph node-positive upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) have not been investigated regarding improved survival outcomes. Our specific aim was to compare the clinical outcomes of clinically node-positive UTUC patients who were treated by NAC followed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) or upfront RNU followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

Materials And Methods: Among 966 UTUC patients, we identified 89 with clinical nodal involvement who received either NAC before RNU nor AC after upfront RNU.

The clinicopathological characteristics of muscle-invasive bladder recurrence in upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics and oncological outcomes of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who developed muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). We identified 966 pTa-4N0-2M0 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU and clarified the risk factors for MIBC progression after initial intravesical recurrence (IVR). We also identified 318 patients with primary pT2-4N0-2M0 MIBC to compare the oncological outcomes with those of patients with UTUC who developed or progressed to MIBC.

Hand-assisted laparoscopic ileal ureter substitution for ureteral obstruction after right ureteral rupture: A case report.

Iatrogenic ureteral rupture is a serious complication. In the past, ileal ureter substitution was performed with open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted procedure; however, there are problems with operation invasiveness and difficulty. We present a 72-year-old female whose ureter was completely injured at the ureteropelvic junction and torn longitudinally in full length at the time of transurethral lithotripsy.

A Japanese patient with ductal carcinoma of the prostate carrying an adenomatosis polyposis coli gene mutation: a case report.

Background: Ductal carcinoma of the prostate is a histological subtype with a higher mortality than acinar adenocarcinoma. The number of cases is small and there are no treatment guidelines. We believe that this is the first report of ductal carcinoma of the prostate with an adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation in Japan.

A Novel Risk-based Approach Simulating Oncological Surveillance After Radical Nephroureterectomy in Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: The current guideline lacks evidence for creating individualized surveillance strategies for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Objective: To create a novel risk model and to simulate individualized surveillance duration that dynamically illustrates the changing risk relationship of UTUC-related death and non-UTUC death, considering the impact of cigarette smoking.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter cohort study comprised 714 pTa-T4N0M0 UTUC patients, with a median follow-up duration of 65mo.

Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Laparoscopic Versus Open Radical Nephroureterectomy for Patients with T3N0M0 Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study with Adjustment by Propensity Score Matching.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (LRNU) and open radical nephroureterectomy (ORNU) for patients with clinical and pathologic T3N0M0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Methods: Among 375 UTUC patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy, this study identified 144 pT3N0M0 patients as cohort 1 after propensity score (PS) matching. Among 399 UTUC patients, the study identified 110 cT3N0M0 patients as cohort 2 after PS matching.