Prevalence of various congenital vascular malformations in patients with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.

Objective: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a condition defined by the association of three physical features: capillary malformation, varicosities, and hypertrophy of bony and soft tissues. However, KTS is characterized by congenital vascular malformations (CVMs) that are difficult to classify. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to analyze the various CVMs in patients with KTS.

Changes in calf muscle deoxygenation after foam sclerotherapy in patients with superficial venous insufficiency.

Objective: This study assessed changes in the calf muscle deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) level during light-intensity exercise after ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for superficial venous insufficiency.

Methods: UGFS with 1% or 3% polidocanol foam (POL-F) was used to treat unilateral great saphenous vein reflux in 84 patients. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure calf muscle HHb levels before and 3 months after UGFS.