TAFRO syndrome with renal biopsy successfully treated with steroids and cyclosporine: a case report.

Background: TAFRO syndrome is an acute or subacute systemic inflammatory disease with no apparent cause, presenting with fever, generalized edema, thrombocytopenia, renal damage, anemia, and organ enlargement. Interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, and other cytokines are thought to be the etiologic agents that increase vascular permeability and cause the resulting organ damage. Only few reports of renal biopsy performed in patients with TAFRO syndrome exist.

Inhibition of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin May Augment the Increase in Soluble Klotho Levels in Renal Transplantation Recipients.

Background/aims: α-Klotho is mainly expressed in the kidneys, and its soluble form can prevent vascular calcifications. Inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) upregulates Klotho. We assessed serial changes in the levels of soluble Klotho (sKlotho) in recipients before and after renal transplantation and investigated the effects of an mTOR inhibitor.

Serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone is a prognostic indicator of dialyzed patients: the Nishinomiya study.

Patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the greatest cause of mortality. The target range of serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) for prognosis, 60 to 240 pg/mL, was recommended by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy guidelines. To investigate the impact of this iPTH target on CVD, dialysis patients were enrolled.