Paradoxical cerebral embolism three decades after mustard surgery in a patient with complete transposition of the great arteries: a case report.

Atrial switch procedures such as the Mustard operation were previously popular for the complete transposition of the great arteries (i.e. dextro-transposition of the great arteries [d-TGA]).

Case report of meningoencephalitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection showing a decrease in idiopathic focal cerebral blood flow.

Some neurological complications are associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with infection by SARS-CoV-2. Eighteen days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, he developed disturbed consciousness and aseptic meningoencephalitis.

Case report of transient polymyalgia rheumatica after receiving the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

Messenger ribonucleic acid-based vaccines that target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have shown high effectiveness. While these Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccines have a favorable safety profile, there can be rare adverse drug reactions that should be understood. Here, we report the case of a 65-year old male who displayed polymyalgia rheumatica soon after receiving the first dose of the BNT162b2 messenger ribonucleic acid Coronavirus Disease vaccine.

Comparison of Prognosis and Cognitive Function of Holistic Neurological Disease: Tochigi Neurological Disease Cohort Study.

Background: While many studies focus on the prognosis of individual neurological diseases, very few comprehensively compare and analyze real-world data of these diseases.

Objective: To address this gap in knowledge, in this study, we comprehensively analyzed the real-life data of patients with neurological diseases.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with neurological diseases at three hospitals from December 1, 2016 to September 30, 2020.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and cognitive function of dementia patients: Tochigi Dementia Cohort Study.

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic significantly affected Japanese society and the health of its population. Despite this, few studies have evaluated the influence of the pandemic on patients with neurological diseases or dementia, which we assessed through the Tochigi Dementia Cohort Study.

Methods: Participants were divided into two groups.

Early versus Later Anticoagulation for Stroke with Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: The effect of early as compared with later initiation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in persons with atrial fibrillation who have had an acute ischemic stroke is unclear.

Methods: We performed an investigator-initiated, open-label trial at 103 sites in 15 countries. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to early anticoagulation (within 48 hours after a minor or moderate stroke or on day 6 or 7 after a major stroke) or later anticoagulation (day 3 or 4 after a minor stroke, day 6 or 7 after a moderate stroke, or day 12, 13, or 14 after a major stroke).

Persistent High Pulse Pressure in Acute Non-Cardiogenic Ischemic Stroke as a Predictor of Neurological Deterioration and Recurrence of Ischemic Stroke: ADS Post-Hoc Analysis.

Aim: Studies investigating the relationship between pulse pressure (PP) and prognosis in acute ischemic stroke remain limited. Thus, in this study, we aim to determine whether changes in PP in the early phase of ischemic stroke are associated with neurological deterioration or stroke recurrence.

Methods: Patients who participated in the Acute Aspirin Plus Cilostazol Dual Therapy for Non-cardiogenic Stroke Patients Within 48 Hours of Symptom Onset (ADS) trial were included in this study.

Improper Application of a Rivastigmine Patch to the Back of the Neck Induced Toxic Symptoms.

Rivastigmine is a highly effective drug for treating Alzheimer's disease. However, its addiction can be fatal, so proper use of this transdermal drug is needed. We herein report an 85-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease who inappropriately placed rivastigmine patches on the back of her neck.

Spontaneous Echo Contrast in the Left Atrium and Aortic-Arch Atheroma, Detected by Transesophageal Echocardiography, Was Negatively Correlated with Cognitive Function.

Background: The relationship between transesophageal echocardiography findings and cognitive function.

Objective: This study aimed to establish an association between transesophageal echocardiography findings and cognitive function in stroke survivors.

Methods: A single-center study was conducted between April 1, 2017 and March 31, 2022.

Real-time data on the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients in the Tochigi Clinical ObservatioNal registry for 1-year mortality of aCute ischEmic stRoke patieNt (T-CONCERN) study.

Background: It is important to gauge mortality in real time following an ischemic stroke. However, there is limited in-hospital and post-discharge clinical data that focuses on the real-time prognosis of acute ischemic strokes.

Purpose: To comprehensively analyze ischemic stroke mortality during a hospital stay and 1 year after the onset of a stroke.

Tachycardia Changes Increase Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Acute Non-Cardioembolic Stroke: An ADS Post-Hoc Analysis.

Aim: A previous randomized study showed that dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and cilostazol is not superior to aspirin monotherapy for patients with acute non-cardioembolic stroke; however, the reason for this remains uncertain. We focused on the unusual side effects of cilostazol, namely, tachycardia changes, and validated their influence on patients with acute non-cardioembolic stroke.

Methods: This post-hoc study extracted data from the acute aspirin plus cilostazol dual therapy study (ADS) registry, a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label trial.

Successful endovascular coiling of infectious cerebral aneurysm following endocarditis.

Recent reports suggest that can cause infective endocarditis (IE). However, no data are available regarding infectious intracranial aneurysm (IIA) following endocarditis. Endovascular coiling is a challenging approach for the treatment of IIA.

IgG4-Related Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis with Skull Base Involvement Presenting with Isolated Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerve Palsy.

We herein report a 70-year-old man diagnosed with IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with skull base involvement, who presented with isolated glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve palsy. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhanced dural thickening of the posterior clivus and skull base involvement. When a patient with hypertrophic pachymeningitis presents with isolated cranial neuropathy without systemic manifestations or definite MRI abnormalities, it is difficult to make a diagnosis, and the patient may be misdiagnosed.

Coexisting of aortic arch atheroma and atrial fibrillation for short-term recurrence and poor functional outcome in acute stroke.

Background And Purpose: Multiple embolic sources are sometimes observed simultaneously in patients with embolic stroke. The present study investigated the effects of coexisting aortic arch atheroma ≥ 4 mm thick and atrial fibrillation (AF) on short-term stroke recurrence and functional outcome.

Methods: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed in consecutive embolic stroke patients, and 395 patients were classified into 4 groups according to the presence of aortic arch atheroma ≥ 4 mm thick and AF: AF - /ARCH - group, AF + /ARCH - group, AF - /ARCH + group, and AF + /ARCH + group.

Case report of an elderly woman with atypical imaging for primary central nervous system lymphoma who needed a brain biopsy for diagnosis.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but its diagnosis is challenging in some cases. A brain biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing PCNSL, but its invasiveness can be problematic. Thus, noninvasive imaging examinations have been developed for the pre-surgical diagnosis of PCNSL, including gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine single-photon emission computed tomography (I-IMP SPECT), and positron emission tomography with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG PET).

Higher incidence of cervical spinal cord compression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single-institute cohort study.

Background: Although the relationship between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is important, data relating to CSM complications in ALS remain lacking.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate and validate the spinal cord conditions of ALS patients.

Materials And Methods: We recruited all patients diagnosed with ALS, Parkinson's disease (PD), or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) who were admitted to our department from April 1, 2017, to March 31, 2020.

Noteworthy Cardiovascular Involvement with Sporadic Late-onset Nemaline Myopathy.

Cardiac involvement has recently been the focus of sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM). However, right ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension, in addition to repetitive cardiac arrest, are noteworthy characteristics of SLONM. We herein report a 66-year-old woman with SLONM whose main symptoms were cardiac arrest, right ventricular failure, and pulmonary hypertension.

Detection of cutaneous prion protein deposits could help diagnose GPI-anchorless prion disease with neuropathy.

Background And Purpose: To investigate prion protein (PrP) deposits in cutaneous tissues of patients of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchorless prion diseases with neuropathy.

Methods: Cutaneous tissue samples from three patients with GPI-anchorless prion diseases were obtained, two cutaneous biopsy samples from the lower leg of Case 1 (Y162X) and Case 3 (D178fs25), and a cutaneous sample taken from the abdomen during an autopsy of Case 2 (D178fs25). We performed immunohistochemistry for PrP to look for abnormal PrP deposits.