Impact of an Online Group-Coaching Program on Ambulatory Faculty Physician Well-Being: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Physician burnout contributes to distress, turnover, and poor patient outcomes. Evidence suggests individual professional coaching may mitigate burnout but is costly and time intensive. Group coaching evidence is lacking.

Multiomics analysis identifies oxidative phosphorylation as a cancer vulnerability arising from myristoylation inhibition.

Background: In humans, two ubiquitously expressed N-myristoyltransferases, NMT1 and NMT2, catalyze myristate transfer to proteins to facilitate membrane targeting and signaling. We investigated the expression of NMTs in numerous cancers and found that NMT2 levels are dysregulated by epigenetic suppression, particularly so in hematologic malignancies. This suggests that pharmacological inhibition of the remaining NMT1 could allow for the selective killing of these cells, sparing normal cells with both NMTs.

Reducing Maternal Obesity and Diabetes Risks Prior to Conception with the National Diabetes Prevention Program.

Introduction: Intrauterine exposure to maternal obesity and hyperglycemia greatly increases offspring health risks. Scalable lifestyle interventions to lower weight and glycemia prior to conception are needed, but have been understudied, especially in diverse and low-income women with disproportionately high risks of negative maternal-child outcomes. The objective of this report is to provide initial evidence of the National Diabetes Prevention Program's (NDPP) effects on maternal-child outcomes in diverse, low-income women and their offspring.

Virtual Care for Behavioral Health Conditions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for behavioral health care services. A substantial portion of mental health care transitioned to virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic, remains virtual today, and will continue that way in the future. Mental health needs continue to grow, and there has been growing evidence showing the efficacy of virtual health for behavioral health conditions at the system, provider, and patient level.

Molecular Detection Methods in HPV-Related Cancers.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for most cervical cancers and some head and neck cancers, including oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and sinonasal carcinoma. Cervical cancer is commonly diagnosed by liquid-based cytology, followed by HPV testing using commercially available DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC), or DNA/RNA hybridization. HPV in head and neck cancers is commonly diagnosed by p16 IHC or by RT-qPCR of HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins.

Utility of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for TERT and BRAF mutational profiling of thyroid nodules.

Background: Mutations involving BRAF and TERT are important predictors of disease severity in thyroid cancer, but molecular testing is limited by cost and lack of adequate tissue sample. This study aimed to assess the utility of BRAFV600E and TERT testing using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for thyroid fine needle aspirate biopsy (FNAB).

Methods: Patients with thyroid nodules were prospectively enrolled from March 2015 to September 2018.

Antitumour effects of metformin and curcumin in human papillomavirus positive and negative head and neck cancer cells.

The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has significantly increased in recent decades due to human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated oncogenesis. Unfortunately, a growing number of HPV-positive (+) OPSCC survivors are living with the irreversible side effects of treatment. The novel, well-tolerated chemotherapeutics with improved side effect profiles are, therefore, in high demand.

EGFR as a biomarker of smoking status and survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aims to investigate EGFR as a prognostic biomarker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods: OPSCC patients from retrospective (1998-2009) and prospective cohorts (2014-2017) were included. Retrospectively collected tumors were used to construct tissue microarrays (TMAs), which were stained with EGFR, p16, DAPI and Pan-cytokeratin, and digitally quantified.

Unpacking the layers: a meta-ethnography of cancer survivors' loneliness.

Purpose: To review the empirical qualitative literature on cancer survivor's experiences with loneliness to inform assessments and interventions for improving cancer survivors' social well-being.

Methods: A rigorous systematic review of qualitative studies published in five databases between 1993 and 2016 was conducted. Three coders reviewed 285 titles and abstracts and, after applying a critical review process, 20 manuscripts were synthesized using meta-ethnography.

Analytic and clinical validity of thyroid nodule mutational profiling using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction.

Background: Recent guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules incorporate mutation testing as an adjunct for surgical decision-making, however current tests are costly with limited accuracy. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is an ultrasensitive method of nucleic acid detection that is particularly useful for identifying gene mutations. This study aimed to assess the analytic and clinical validity of RAS and BRAF ddPCR mutational testing as a diagnostic tool for thyroid fine needle aspirate biopsy (FNAB).

Efficacy of EZH2 inhibitory drugs in human papillomavirus-positive and human papillomavirus-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide with rates of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) dramatically increasing. The overexpression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase responsible for the trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3), is associated with a poor clinical prognosis and aggressive HPV-positive phenotypes.

Methods: We utilized three EZH2 pathway inhibitors, GSK-343, DZNeP, and EPZ-5687, and tested their efficacy in two HPV-positive and two HPV-negative OPSCC cell lines.

Ultrasensitive detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal tissue swabs.

Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) caused by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is rising worldwide. HPV-OPSCC is commonly diagnosed by RT-qPCR of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins or by p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been recently reported as an ultra-sensitive and highly precise method of nucleic acid quantification for biomarker analysis.

Investigation of EZH2 pathways for novel epigenetic treatment strategies in oropharyngeal cancer.

Background: In recent decades, the incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been rising worldwide as a result of increasing oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in the oropharynx. EZH2 is an epigenetic regulatory protein associated with tumor aggressiveness and negative survival outcomes in several human cancers. We aimed to determine the role of EZH2 as a potential therapeutic epigenetic target in HPV-positive and negative OPSCC.

Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction.

Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma caused by oncogenic HPV (HPV-OPSCC) is rising worldwide. HPV-OPSCC is commonly diagnosed by RT-qPCR of HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins or by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, multiple tumor suppressor 1 (p16) immunohistochemistry (IHC). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been recently reported as ultra-sensitive and highly precise method of nucleic acid quantification for biomarker analysis.

Correlates of engaging in drug distribution in a national sample.

In this study, we examined self-reported behaviors and characteristics of individuals involved in drug distribution to identify correlates of engaging in drug-distribution behaviors. Correlates of interest included demographic characteristics, substance-use patterns, psychological impairment, and criminal involvement. Data from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (U.

[Combined surgical treatment of the carotid arteries stenosis of high degree and estimation of its efficacy using method of ultrasound duplex scanning].

The carotid arteries (CA) passability and integral indices of cerebral hemodynamics were studied up in the CA high-degree stenosis, using ultrasound duplex scanning before and after its operative correction. In the clinic in 62 patients, suffering CA stenosis, in 2003-2011 yrs the carotid angioplasty and stenting were performed, and in some of them--simultaneously with the carotid endarterectomy. In a high-degree stenosis of CA there were established significant disorders of integral indices of cerebral blood flow: a significant reduction of the index of general blood flow cerebral volume (GBFCV) in account of its carotid component.

[Morphologic peculiarities of gastric mucosa before and after bariatric surgery].

Morphological state of gastric mucosa was studied up in patients, suffering morbid obesity before and after gastric banding and gastric shunting operations. According to histologic investigation data gastric mucosa in patients, suffering morbid obesity, is not changed or has moderate inflammatory changes. Gastric banding and gastric shunting did not change gastric mucosa trustworthily morphologically.

[Estimation of possibilities and methods of operative intervention in complicated tumors of the right colonic flexura].

Experience of surgical treatment of 11 patients, suffering locally-advanced cancer of right colon without remote metastases, was analyzed. In all the patients various variants of extended right-sided hemicolectomy with adjacent organs resection were applied, Surgical tactics in advanced cancer of right colon was substantiated and detailed. The results of investigation conducted witness the trustworthiness of individualized approach application for operative intervention variant choice in patients, suffering locally-advanced complicated cancer of right colon, promoting the results of surgical treatment improvement.

Palmitoylation of ketogenic enzyme HMGCS2 enhances its interaction with PPARalpha and transcription at the Hmgcs2 PPRE.

Excessive liver production of ketone bodies is one of many metabolic complications that can arise from diabetes, and in severe untreated cases, it can result in ketoacidosis, coma, and death. Mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase (HMGCS2), the rate-limiting enzyme in ketogenesis, has been shown to interact with PPARalpha and act as a coactivator to up-regulate transcription from the PPRE of its own gene. Although protein palmitoylation is typically a cytosolic process that promotes membrane association, we recently identified 21 palmitoylated proteins in rat liver mitochondria, including HMGCS2.

Non-radioactive detection of palmitoylated mitochondrial proteins using an azido-palmitate analogue.

While palmitoylation is typically thought of as a cytosolic process resulting in membrane attachment of the palmitoylated proteins, numerous mitochondrial proteins have been shown to be palmitoylated following in vitro labeling of mitochondria with radioactive or bioorthogonal analogues of fatty acids. The fatty acylation of two liver mitochondrial enzymes, methylmalonyl semialdehyde dehydrogenase and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1, has been studied in great detail. In both cases palmitoylation of an active site cysteine residue occurred spontaneously and resulted in inhibition of enzymatic activity, thus, suggesting that palmitoylation may be a direct means to regulate the activity of metabolic enzymes within the mitochondria.