Prospective observational study and mechanistic evidence showing lipolysis of circulating triglycerides worsens hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUNDWhile most hypertriglyceridemia is asymptomatic, hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) can be more severe than AP of other etiologies. The reasons underlying this are unclear. We thus examined whether lipolytic generation of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) from circulating triglycerides (TGs) could worsen clinical outcomes.

Comparative analysis of the influence of the shapes and dimensions of dental arches on the morphotopogeometric characteristics of the facial area.

Objective: Aim: The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of the main aspects of existing medical and diagnostic measures in patients with abnormal types of occlusal relationships and methods of mathematical and graphic reproduction of the shape of the dental arches, taking into account the individual characteristics of the maxillofacial area.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The search for relevant publications related to the objective topic was carried out through scientific databases: Scopus, PubMed, BVS and Scielo.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The analysis of regression models of the reproduction of individual characteristics of the dental arch of the jaws will avoid errors that occur when comparing the actual sizes with their statistical norm, which will allow to correctly determine the proportionality and ratio of dif f erent departments of the dental and jaw system, the necessary amount of orthodontic measures in the treatment of anomalies of the dental arches.

Buprenorphine affects the initiation and severity of interleukin-induced acute pancreatitis in mice.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease with no targeted therapy and has varied outcomes ranging from spontaneous resolution to being lethal. Although typically painful, AP can also be painless. Various agents, including opioids, are used for pain control in AP; the risks and benefits of which are often debated.

Amphipathic Liponecrosis Impairs Bacterial Clearance and Causes Infection During Sterile Inflammation.

Background & Aims: Although transient bacteremia is common during dental and endoscopic procedures, infections developing during sterile diseases like acute pancreatitis (AP) can have grave consequences. We examined how impaired bacterial clearance may cause this transition.

Methods: Blood samples from patients with AP, normal controls, and rodents with pancreatitis or those administered different nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were analyzed for albumin-unbound NEFAs, microbiome, and inflammatory cell injury.

Genetic variability analysis of Russian cultivars of ryegrass (Lolium) based on SCoT markers.

Background: Ryegrass is a promising crop for the development of meadow farming in the world. More than 1000 cultivated varieties widely used in feed production have been developed, based on the main species - perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and annual one (Lolium multiflorum Lam.

The Composition of the Carcass, Physicochemical Properties, Texture and Microstructure of the Meat of D11 Dworka and P9 Pekin Ducks.

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of genotype and sex on carcass composition and selected meat quality parameters of Dworka and Pekin ducks after two reproductive seasons. The research material consisted of 24 carcasses of Dworka ducks (breeding strain D11) and 24 carcasses of Pekin ducks from the herd of genetic resources (French Pekin, strain P-9). After cooling the carcasses (18 h, 2 °C), the pH values and electrical conductivity of the pectoral and leg muscles were determined, and then the carcass was dissected using a simplified method.

Evidence showing lipotoxicity worsens outcomes in covid-19 patients and insights about the underlying mechanisms.

We compared three hospitalized patient cohorts and conducted mechanistic studies to determine if lipotoxicity worsens COVID-19. Cohort-1 (n = 30) compared COVID-19 patients dismissed home to those requiring intensive-care unit (ICU) transfer. Cohort-2 (n = 116) compared critically ill ICU patients with and without COVID-19.

DENTISTS' MOBILE PHONES AS A MEANS OF SPREADING CONDITIONALLY PATHOGENS.

Objective: The aim: The aim of the study was to determine the level of bacterial contamination of mobile phones and watches of dentists.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the University Dental Clinic and Microbiology Laboratory at the Department of Genetics, Plant Physiology and Microbiology of Uzhhorod National University. Swabs from the investigated surfaces of 30 mobile phones and 30 watches were collected using disposable sterile cotton swabs moistened with sterile saline.

Fundamentals for forage crop breeding and seed production in Russia.

Plant breeding and seed production of new generation fodder crops is the groundwork for creating a fodder base for livestock production in sufficient quantities. The Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology founded in 2018 based on of the All-Russia Williams Fodder Research Institute and other scientific institutions is the largest and most comprehensive center in the field of food production. It develops new techniques and methods for creating initial seed material based on a wide use of genetics, biotechnology, microbiology, immunology, ecology, biogeocenology, and cell selection.

Effect of genotype and sex on carcase composition, physicochemical properties, texture and microstructure of meat from geese after four reproductive seasons.

1. The objective of this study was to compare carcase weight and composition and meat quality traits of Landes, Slovak White and Kuban geese after four reproductive seasons. A total of 42 goose carcases (seven males and seven females from each breed) were assessed.

Forensic dental identification in complicated fractured skull conditions: case report with adapted algorithm for image comparison.

Objective: To analyze the perspective of using an adapted algorithm for digital images comparison while providing forensic dental identification in complicated fractured skull conditions by ante-mortem and post-mortem radiographical data sets.

Materials And Methods: Ante-mortem orthopantomogram and post-mortem peri-apical X-ray images were converted in *.jpeg format with their further import into GIMP 2.

Pathophysiology and Biomarker Potential of Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester Elevation During Alcoholic Pancreatitis.

Background & Aims: The role of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) during human alcoholic pancreatitis is unknown. We compared FAEEs levels with their nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) precursors during alcohol intoxication and clinical alcoholic pancreatitis. The pathophysiology underlying FAEEs increase and their role as diagnostic biomarkers for alcoholic pancreatitis was investigated.

Adipose saturation reduces lipotoxic systemic inflammation and explains the obesity paradox.

Obesity sometimes seems protective in disease. This obesity paradox is predominantly described in reports from the Western Hemisphere during acute illnesses. Since adipose triglyceride composition corresponds to long-term dietary patterns, we performed a meta-analysis modeling the effect of obesity on severity of acute pancreatitis, in the context of dietary patterns of the countries from which the studies originated.

MODERN SUBMISSION OF FORMATION, COMPOSITION AND ROLE OF ORAL (DENTAL) BIOFILM IN DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES.

Objective: The aim: To investigate current trends in the study of oral biofilm and its control.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A research of 32 literature sources has been made and it has been taken into account that some terminological differences in determining objects of study.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Detailed analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature argues the necessity of further in-depth study of oral biofilms.

Ringer's Lactate Prevents Early Organ Failure by Providing Extracellular Calcium.

Objective: Ringer's lactate may improve early systemic inflammation during critical illnesses like severe acute pancreatitis, which are associated with hypocalcemia. Ringer's lactate is buffered and contains lactate and calcium. We, thus analyzed extracellular calcium or lactate's effects on the mechanisms, intermediary markers, and organ failure in models mimicking human disease with nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) elevation.

Pancreatic triglyceride lipase mediates lipotoxic systemic inflammation.

Visceral adipose tissue plays a critical role in numerous diseases. Although imaging studies often show adipose involvement in abdominal diseases, their outcomes may vary from being a mild self-limited illness to one with systemic inflammation and organ failure. We therefore compared the pattern of visceral adipose injury during acute pancreatitis and acute diverticulitis to determine its role in organ failure.

Prevalence of main dental diseases in children who live in conditions of biogeochemical fluorine and iodine deficiency.

Background: Dental status is one of the main indicators of overall health. We examined it in children aged 6-15 years who live in conditions of biogeochemical fluorine and iodine deficiency (Transcarpathian region, Ukraine), to improve the quality of dental care.

Materials And Methods: In this cross sectional study To assess the state of teeth, we used indicators recommended by the WHO Expert Committee.

c-Src regulates cargo transit via the Golgi in pancreatic acinar cells.

The exocrine pancreatic acinar cell is unique for its rapid protein synthesis and packaging in zymogen granules (ZGs). However, while crucial to the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, the signaling involved in the transit of proteins via the Golgi is poorly understood in these cells. Noting the evidence of c-Src in regulating transit of cargo via the Golgi in other systems, we explored this in acinar cells.

[Cytogenetic indices for somatic mutagenesis in mammals exposed to chronic low-dose irradiation].

We used cytogenetic analysis in the studies of the biological effects of a radiation factor of natural and artificial origin (under conditions ofthe 30-km exclusion zone ofthe Chernobyl experimental landfills in Ukraine, Belarus and Russia). The studies have been performed on various types of mammals: domestic animals--cows, pigs, horses and rodents--root voles, the Af mouse line, and yellow necked field mouse, bank voles. We found significant changes in the level of MN and chromosomal aberrations in the animals that were exposed to the conditions of chronic low-dose radiation for a long time (bothin the habitat and upon exposure in the Chernobyl zone) regardless of the type of animal and nature of contamination.

[Research on structural and functional characteristics (indicators) of apoptosis of human blood lymphocytes under the influence of carbon monoxide and ultraviolet (UV)-radiation].

The changes in the level of expression of membrane CD95 receptor, the structural state of DNA, parameters of biochemiluminescence of human blood lymphocytes under conditions of exposure to carbon monoxide (60-90 min) and UV-radiation (240-390 nm) at the doses of 151, 453 and 755 J/m2 have been investigated. The decrease in the level of expression of Fas-markers on the surface of immunocytes after incubation in the atmosphere at (60-90 min), the absence of changes in the DNA structure and the decreased intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in the cells were also found. It is established that UV-light (151-755 J/m2) exhibits a proapoptotic action, as evidenced by the increase in the expression of CD95 receptors on the surface of human blood lymphocytes and the decreased electrophoretic mobility of DNA in UV-irradiated cells.

Agnoprotein of polyomavirus BK interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen and inhibits DNA replication.

Background: The human polyomavirus BK expresses a 66 amino-acid peptide referred to as agnoprotein. Though mutants lacking agnoprotein are severely reduced in producing infectious virions, the exact function of this peptide remains incompletely understood. To elucidate the function of agnoprotein, we searched for novel cellular interaction partners.

Inhibition of CREB phosphorylation by conjugates of adenosine analogues and arginine-rich peptides, inhibitors of PKA catalytic subunit.

Bisubstrate inhibitors of protein kinases associate simultaneously with two substrate-binding sites of the kinase and thus potentially possess better inhibitory potency and selectivity than inhibitors binding to only the conserved ATP-site of the kinase. We have previously used conjugates of adenosine analogues and arginine-rich peptides (ARCs) to develop proteolytically stable cell plasma membrane-permeable bisubstrate inhibitors whose biochemical affinities towards several basophilic protein kinases of the AGC group are in the picomolar range. The potency of bisubstrate inhibitors to affect the phosphorylation of proteins in living cells has been described in a limited number of publications.

Phosphorylation of heat shock protein 40 (Hsp40/DnaJB1) by mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 5 (MK5/PRAK).

Heat shock protein 40 (Hsp40) acts as a co-chaperone with Hsp70 to promote protein folding, protein transport and degradation. The human Hsp40 family contains more than 40 members, some of which can exist as phosphoproteins in the cell. However, little is known about the protein kinases responsible for their phosphorylation and the functional relevance of this post-translational modification remains elusive.

Structure and function of MK5/PRAK: the loner among the mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinases.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are important signal transduction pathways that control pivotal cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, gene regulation, and motility. MAPK pathways consist of a relay of consecutive phosphorylation events exerted by MAPK kinase kinases, MAPK kinases, and MAPKs. Conventional MAPKs are characterized by a conserved Thr-X-Tyr motif in the activation loop of the kinase domain, while atypical MAPKs lack this motif and do not seem to be organized into the classical three-tiered kinase cascade.

The Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKAPKs) in Inflammation.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are implicated in several cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell survival, cell motility, metabolism, stress response and inflammation. MAPK pathways transmit and convert a plethora of extracellular signals by three consecutive phosphorylation events involving a MAPK kinase kinase, a MAPK kinase, and a MAPK. In turn MAPKs phosphorylate substrates, including other protein kinases referred to as MAPK-activated protein kinases (MAPKAPKs).