Cardiac troponin-I, brain natriuretic peptide and endothelin-1 levels in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury.

Background: Cardiotoxicity, during or after therapy, is the most serious side effect of doxorubicin (DXR). The risk of developing cardiac impairment increases concomitantly with an increase in the cumulative dose of DXR.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the levels of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in DXR induced cardiac injury.

Evaluation of children with lympadenopathy.

Aim: To examine children who present with enlargement of lymph nodes in terms of demographic, clinical, serological and radiological aspects.

Material And Methods: Ninety-eight patients who presented with a complaint of enlargement of lymph nodes were examined in terms of demographic, clinical, serological and radiological aspects by screening file data retrospectively. The character of lymph nodes (reactive, malign) was evaluated according to the distribution, number, sizes and blood supply determined in ultrasonographic measurements.

Primary vertebral lymphoma presenting with fracture.

We report a 15 year old girl admitted with back pain and multifocal osteolytic lesions without systemic symptoms at T7, L5, and S1 spinal vertebras. The child was diagnosed as having primary multifocal osseous lymphoma, in which multiple bones are involved in the absence of lymph node or visceral disease for at least 6 months following initial presentation.

Pulmonary tuberculosis mimicking metastasis in a patient with osteosarcoma.

Pulmonary metastasis even at diagnosis or during treatment is an important problem in osteosarcoma treatment and treatment modality varies in patients with metastasis. Metastasectomy and aggressive induction chemotherapy are the 2 most well-known treatment options. However, reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis can be a problem in developing countries, where the prevalence of tuberculosis is high.

Primary gastric Burkitt lymphoma: a rare cause of intraabdominal mass in childhood.

Primary gastric lymphoma in the pediatric population is rare and the role of Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) in its pathogenesis is unclear. In this report, we describe a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Burkitt's type) coexisting with H.

Melatonin ameliorates doxorubicin-induced skin necrosis in rats.

Doxorubicin (DXR), a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent, causes serious injury when extravasated. The injury can sometimes result in skin necrosis and ulceration, requiring surgery. The detrimental effect of DXR on the antioxidant system via free oxygen radicals is one of the mechanisms proposed in its etiology.

Alpha-fetoprotein producing tumor cells in children with Wilms' tumor.

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is generally used as a marker in diagnosis and follow-up of germ cell tumors and hepatoblastomas. However, serum AFP levels were elevated in our three patients with Wilms tumor. The elevated levels could only be decreased completely by surgery and not by chemotherapy.

Mutations in SLC29A3, encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3, cause a familial histiocytosis syndrome (Faisalabad histiocytosis) and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease.

The histiocytoses are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by an excessive number of histiocytes. In most cases the pathophysiology is unclear and treatment is nonspecific. Faisalabad histiocytosis (FHC) (MIM 602782) has been classed as an autosomal recessively inherited form of histiocytosis with similarities to Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) (also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML)).

Hepatoblastoma metastatic to the right atrium responding to chemotherapy alone.

An 18-month-old boy presented with abdominal pain and distension. On physical examination there was a 10 x 7-cm mass in the right upper abdominal quadrant. His alpha-fetoprotein level was 175,000 IU/mL.

Cardioprotective roles of aged garlic extract, grape seed proanthocyanidin, and hazelnut on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin (DXR) is a chemotherapeutic agent used effectively in the treatment of several childhood malignancies. During treatment, cardiotoxicity caused by cell damage due to the free oxygen radicals that are generated is a major limiting factor. This study was undertaken to determine whether DXR-induced cardiotoxicity could be prevented by natural foods with antioxidant properties such as aged garlic extract (AGEX), grape seed proanthocyanidin (PA), and hazelnut.

Ozone ameliorates methotrexate-induced intestinal injury in rats.

Methotrexate (Mtx) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent used in various cancer treatments. Gastrointestinal toxicity is the drug's major limiting factor, arising mainly from oxidative damage. It has been proposed that ozone (O(3)) is an activator of antioxidant enzymes.

Proanthocyanidin prevents methotrexate-induced intestinal damage and oxidative stress.

Mucositis is an important dose-limiting side effect of methotrexate for which there is no definitive prophylaxis or treatment. This study was designed to investigate whether proanthocyanidin had a protective effect on methotrexate-induced small intestine damage. Twenty-eight albino rats were randomized into four groups.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Langerhans cell histiocytosis: case report and review of the literature.

The prognosis in children with LCH who do not respond to the conventional therapies is very poor. SCT may be a new approach. However, there are limited data about the results of the transplantations.

Transfusion-related acute lung injury in a child with neuroblastoma during a late engraftment period of autologous stem cell transplantation.

TRALI is a rare and serious complication of blood product transfusion characterized by acute respiratory distress, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, hypoxia, fever, and hypotension developing during or up to six h following transfusion. The disease can be life-threatening and should be considered whenever complications occur after a transfusion in stem cell transplant recipients. Caution should be exercised as the symptoms of TRALI are similar to diseases such as pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and engraftment syndrome.

Post varicella hepatic actinomycosis in a 5-year-old girl mimicking acute abdomen.

Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive infection caused by gram-positive, anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria. Hepatic involvement is rare and generally secondary to abdominal or thoracic actinomycosis. Hepatic actinomycosis in children may mimic a wide variety of diseases and thus make the diagnosis much more challenging.

Development of in situ melanoma after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in Griscelli syndrome type II.

GS is an uncommon autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pigmentary dilution of the skin and hair and in most patients by abnormal regulation of the immune system. Childhood melanoma is rare in the pediatric population. The best prognosis is achieved with early diagnosis and definitive surgical excision of melanoma.

Stroke associated with pseudoephedrine in a child with rhabdomyosarcoma.

Pseudoephedrine is a nasal vasoconstrictor and is contained in many cough and cold medications. It is generally harmless when used in recommended doses. Hypertensive crisis, psychosis, hemorrhagic stroke, and intracranial hemorrhage have been reported as severe complications.

Periodontal status in two siblings with severe congenital neutropenia: diagnosis and mutational analysis of the cases.

Background: Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), also known as Kostmann syndrome, was originally reported as an autosomal recessive disease of neutrophil production. The disease is characterized by a maturation arrest of neutrophil precursors at the promyelocytic stage of differentiation and by extremely low levels of mature neutrophils in peripheral blood.

Methods: A 6-year-old male presented with a complaint of gingival swelling and bleeding, and swelling at the left side of his face.

Cardiac troponin I: is it a marker to detect cardiotoxicity in children treated with doxorubicin?

Doxorubicin has been used in the the treatment of malignant tumors in children. Its use is limited by cardiotoxic effects beyond a cumulative dose of 450 mg/m2. To detect cardiotoxicity at an early stage and identify patients at risk for development of cardiotoxicity are matters of concern.

Two cases of Ralstonia pickettii bacteremias in a pediatric oncology unit requiring removal of the Port-A-Caths.

Ralstonia pickettii is an aerobic, gram-negative bacterium causing bacteremia following the use of contaminated saline vials, respiratory therapy solutions, skin disinfectants, blood culture mediums, and water supplies. It is rarely associated with human infections. The authors report two cases of R.