[A Case of Multicentric HER2-Positive Breast Cancer with Alterations of the Intrinsic Subtype].

In cases where there are 2 or more tumors, it is crucial to conduct core needle biopsies on each of them. A 39-year-old woman presented at our hospital with pain in her left breast. Ultrasonography(US)revealed the presence of 2 contiguous tumors: a 35 mm tumor(tumor 1)and a 20 mm tumor(tumor 2)in the AC area of the left breast.

[The Long Term Result of Rhomboid Flap Reconstruction for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer].

In patients undergoing mastectomy for locally advanced breast cancer, surgical skin flap reconstruction is sometimes required in order to cover large skin defects. Generally, we reconstruct by using latissimus dorsi or rectus abdominis when the direct closure is difficult. These constructions are difficult and have various complications.

[A Case of Splenectomy for Isolated Splenic Metastasis after Surgery for Gastric Cancer].

Splenic metastasis of gastric cancer is rare. Cases of long-term survival after the resection of metachronous solitary splenic metastasis have been reported, and proactive resection should be performed. A 77-year-old man was presented to our hospital with anorexia.

Significance of information obtained during transanal drainage tube placement after anterior resection of colorectal cancer.

Introduction: It has recently been reported that the placement of a transanal drainage tube after rectal cancer surgery reduces the rate of anastomotic leakage. However, transanal drainage tube cannot completely prevent anastomotic leakage and the management of transanal drainage tube needs to devise. We investigated the information obtained during transanal drainage tube placement and evaluated the relationship between these factors and anastomotic leakage.

Optical See-through Head-mounted Display (OST-HMD)-assisted Needle Biopsy for Breast Tumor: A Technical Innovation.

Background/aim: Augmented reality (AR) is a new technology that provides new awareness by using a computer to extend the real environment perceived by humans. Optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMD) are worn on the head and can faithfully generate an AR image by wearing the device on the head as a spectacle-type device. We developed an ultrasound-guided needle biopsy technique using OST-HMD for breast tumors.

Outcome Prediction After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) for Breast Cancer, Using Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes Within Fibrotic Foci of Tumor Stroma (FF-TILs).

Background/aim: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which are indicators of immune response monitoring, are generally mononuclear immunocytes that aggregate with tumors and are thought to have a close relationship with cancer cells. On the other hand, a fibrotic focus (FF) within the stroma of a tumor is a histological formation that plays an important role in the cancer microenvironment with regard to proliferation and development. Here, we focused on TILs that exist within the FF and performed pathological evaluations.

Differences in tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density and prognostic factors for breast cancer by patient age.

Background: Lymphocytes that surround cancer participate in tumor-related immune responses and are called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Several recent reports suggest TILs index the tumor microenvironment and predict the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. However, only few studies have studied the relationship between age and TILs.

Relationship between serum lipid levels and the immune microenvironment in breast cancer patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Therapeutic agents for dyslipidaemia, in particular statins, have been recently reported to suppress growth and metastasis of breast cancer. However, the predictive value of lipid control in breast cancer patients has not been discussed sufficiently. In addition, though immunometabolism is a relatively novel approach for tumour immunotherapy, the relationship between lipid metabolism and immune status has not been well documented.

Utility of Follow-up With Absolute Lymphocyte Count in Patients Undergoing Eribulin Treatment for Early Detection of Progressive Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Eribulin, a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor, improves the tumor immune microenvironment via vascular remodeling. Systemic peripheral immune markers such as absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been reported as prognostic factors of patients treated with eribulin. However, the usefulness of the longitudinal changes of these blood parameters during eribulin treatment remains unknown.

[A Case of Liver Abscess during Treatment for Abemaciclib-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease].

The patient was a 64-year-old woman. The patient was operated for left breast cancer(pT2N0M0, stage ⅡA, Luminal A). Eight years after surgery, CT findings revealed lung metastasis in the S8 and S9 areas of the left lung.

[Experience with BD EleVationTM in Vacuum-Assisted Biopsy].

For qualitative diagnosis of breast mass, core needle biopsy(CNB)and fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology(FNAC)are widely used. Overseas, vacuum-assisted biopsy(VAB)is often the first choice for qualitative diagnosis, and its proper use has become a clinical issue. In addition, with the progress of diagnostic imaging in recent years, the chances of finding micro-lesions such as ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)are increasing.

The Effect of Smoking on Progression from Ductal Carcinoma to Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.

Background/aim: If ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is diagnosed by needle biopsy, invasion is often found by removing the entire tumor and performing pathological examination. Smoking is a risk factor for carcinogenesis in breast cancer. We examined the correlation between the risk of invasion found by postoperative pathology and smoking history in patients diagnosed with DCIS by preoperative biopsy.

Clinical Significance of Expression of Immunoadjuvant Molecules (LAG-3, TIM-3, OX-40) in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Various immunosuppressive factors that inhibit the immune response to cancer are present in cancer cells and the cancer microenvironment. Co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory receptors are dynamically expressed on T-cells as immunoadjuvant molecules that regulate the state of T-cell activity. In this report we focus on immunoadjuvant molecules such as LAG-3, TIM-3, and OX-40, for which there have been few published reports.

Prevention of anastomotic leakage using a polyglycolic acid sheet in double-stapling technique anastomosis for rectal surgery.

Background: Due to the development of surgical techniques and devices, the incidence of anastomosis leakage in rectal surgery has decreased. However, anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery remains a serious postoperative complication. The present study examined whether or not a polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet is effective for reinforcing rectal anastomosis.

The Efficacy and Safety of Trifluridine/Tipiracil Treatment for Elderly Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Real-world Setting.

Background/aim: Recently, trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) treatment was established as a later-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, FTD/TPI treatment is frequently associated with hematological toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FTD/TPI in elderly patients with mCRC in a real-world setting.

Prediction of survival after eribulin chemotherapy for breast cancer by absolute lymphocyte counts and progression types.

Background: In the Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (RECIST) diagnostic criteria, the concepts of progression by preexisting disease (PPL) and progression by new metastases (PNM) have been proposed to distinguish between the progression types of cancer refractory to treatment. According to the tumor biology of cancer progression forms, the "PPL" form indicates invasion, and the "PNM" form indicates metastasis. On the other hand, recent studies have focused on the clinical importance of inflammatory markers as indicators of the systemic tumor immune response.

Impact of Intraoperative Blood Loss and Blood Transfusion on the Prognosis of Colorectal Liver Metastasis Following Curative Resection.

Background/aim: The identification of risk factors for recurrence after resection of colorectal liver metastasis is necessary in order to establish a more effective treatment strategy. In addition to well-known prognostic factors, such as the tumor diameter and number of metastatic tumors, a large amount of intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and blood transfusion have recently been reported to be associated with shorter long-term survival. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of IBL and blood transfusion on the prognosis of colorectal liver metastasis after curative resection.

Pathological Complete Response following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with Mammary Paget's Disease: A Case Report.

Mammary Paget's disease is a rare malignancy. Mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery has been considered as the standard treatment, while there have been few reports of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). A 53-year-old woman with erythema and skin ulceration of the left breast was admitted to our institution.

Clinical verification of body mass index and tumor immune response in patients with breast cancer receiving preoperative chemotherapy.

Purpose: The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a simple indicator of obesity; patients with early-stage breast cancer who are obese (OB) per BMI measurements have been shown to have high postoperative recurrence and low survival rates. On the other hand, it has been shown that lymphocytes present in the vicinity of malignant growths that are involved in the tumors' immune responses influence the efficacy chemotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that OB patients with breast cancer have a lower density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which may influence the therapeutic effect of preoperative chemotherapy (POC).

Clinical significance of coexisting histological diffuse type in stage II/III gastric cancer.

Since 1965, the Laurén classification has been used most commonly for gastric adenocarcinoma, with two main types: intestinal type and diffuse type. Signet ring cell carcinoma (Sig) and non-solid poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Por2) are the histological forms of diffuse type that are often found in advanced tumors, and they seem to be associated with a poor prognosis. S-1-based adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II/III gastric cancer has generally been accepted in Japan, but histological type does not alter treatment strategy.

An Exploratory Phase II Study of Eribulin Re-challenge After Short Term Therapy of 5-Fluorouracil for HER2 Negative, Advanced or Recurrent Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: In our previous study, first-line eribulin (ERI) showed 25 weeks of progression-free survival (PFS). This study investigated the efficacy and safety of ERI re-administration in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.

Patients And Methods: HER2-negative MBC patients who had never received chemotherapy for MBC received first-line ERI for 18 weeks if they did not have disease progression, and then one cycle of S-1 before ERI re-administration.

The Impact of Intraoperative Blood Loss on the Survival After Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Blood transfusion and a large amount of intraoperative blood loss (IBL) have been reported to have a negative impact on long-term survival via immunosuppression. In recent years, thanks to the spread of laparoscopic surgery and the development of surgical devices, the average amount of IBL has decreased, as has the need for perioperative blood transfusion. Under such conditions, the prognostic significance of the amount of IBL is unclear.