Intelligent mobile robot navigation in unknown and complex environment using reinforcement learning technique.

The usage of mobile robots (MRs) has expanded dramatically in the last several years across a wide range of industries, including manufacturing, surveillance, healthcare, and warehouse automation. To ensure the efficient and safe operation of these MRs, it is crucial to design effective control strategies that can adapt to changing environments. In this paper, we propose a new technique for controlling MRs using reinforcement learning (RL).

Systematic Review on the Impact of Various Types of Universal Basic Income on Mental Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

In the past two decades, a significant surge in interest in investigating mental disorders and challenges faced by low- and middle-income countries in the realm of mental health has been observed. Various types of universal basic income (UBI) programs have already demonstrated significant impacts on individuals' mental health in high-income countries. Therefore, this review focuses on the situation in low- and middle-income countries.

An improved human activity recognition technique based on convolutional neural network.

A convolutional neural network (CNN) is an important and widely utilized part of the artificial neural network (ANN) for computer vision, mostly used in the pattern recognition system. The most important applications of CNN are medical image analysis, image classification, object recognition from videos, recommender systems, financial time series analysis, natural language processing, and human-computer interfaces. However, after the technological advancement in the power of computing ability and the emergence of huge quantities of labeled data provided through enhanced algorithms, nowadays, CNN is widely used in almost every area of study.

Early life adversity shapes social subordination and cell type-specific transcriptomic patterning in the ventral hippocampus.

Adverse events in early life can modulate the response to additional stressors later in life and increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects remain unclear. Here, we uncover that early life adversity (ELA) in mice leads to social subordination.

Genomic Insights into Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci from Bulk Tank Milk of Dairy Farms in Serbia.

The potential risk to human and animal health provides a rationale for research on methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and mammaliicocci (MRM) in dairy herds. Here, we aimed to estimate their occurrence in the bulk tank milk (BTM) samples collected in 2019-2021 from 283 bovine dairy farms in the Belgrade district. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize the obtained isolates and assess their genetic relatedness.

Obstacle Detection in Infrared Navigation for Blind People and Mobile Robots.

The paper is a continuation of the authors' work intended for infrared navigation for blind people and mobile robots. This concerns the detection of obstacles in the person's or mobile robot's trajectory, in particular, the detection of corners. The temperature distribution of a building's internal wall near a corner has been investigated.

induces glutamatergic signaling following treatment with monoaminergic antidepressants.

Pharmacotherapies for the treatment of major depressive disorder were serendipitously discovered almost seven decades ago. From this discovery, scientists pinpointed the monoaminergic system as the primary target associated with symptom alleviation. As a result, most antidepressants have been engineered to act on the monoaminergic system more selectively, primarily on serotonin, in an effort to increase treatment response and reduce unfavorable side effects.

Relaxation measurements of an MRI system phantom at low magnetic field strengths.

Objective: Temperature controlled T and T relaxation times are measured on NiCl and MnCl solutions from the ISMRM/NIST system phantom at low magnetic field strengths of 6.5 mT, 64 mT and 550 mT.

Materials And Methods: The T and T were measured of five samples with increasing concentrations of NiCl and five samples with increasing concentrations of MnCl.

Early Intensive Physical Rehabilitation Combined with a Protocolized Decannulation Process in Tracheostomized Survivors from Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia with Chronic Critical Illness.

(1) Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors from severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) with chronic critical illness (CCI) may be considered vast resource consumers with a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that a holistic approach combining an early intensive rehabilitation with a protocol of difficult weaning would improve patient outcomes (2) Methods: A single-center retrospective study in a five-bed post-ICU weaning and intensive rehabilitation center with a dedicated fitness room specifically equipped to safely deliver physical activity sessions in frail patients with CCI. (3) Results: Among 502 CARDS patients admitted to the ICU from March 2020 to March 2022, 50 consecutive tracheostomized patients were included in the program.

Ketamine exerts its sustained antidepressant effects via cell-type-specific regulation of Kcnq2.

A single sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine produces a rapid and sustained antidepressant response, yet the molecular mechanisms responsible for this remain unclear. Here, we identified cell-type-specific transcriptional signatures associated with a sustained ketamine response in mice. Most interestingly, we identified the Kcnq2 gene as an important downstream regulator of ketamine action in glutamatergic neurons of the ventral hippocampus.

Review of Real-Time Biomechanical Feedback Systems in Sport and Rehabilitation.

Real-time biomechanical feedback (BMF) is a relatively new area of research. The potential of using advanced technology to improve motion skills in sport and accelerate physical rehabilitation has been demonstrated in a number of studies. This paper provides a literature review of BMF systems in sports and rehabilitation.

Decentralized Machine Autonomy for Manufacturing Servitization.

Blockchain ecosystems are rapidly maturing and meeting the needs of business environments (e.g., industry, manufacturing, and robotics).

Use of IMU in Differential Analysis of the Reverse Punch Temporal Structure in Relation to the Achieved Maximal Hand Velocity.

To achieve good performance, athletes need to synchronize a series of movements in an optimal manner. One of the indicators used to monitor this is the order of occurrence of relevant events in the movement timeline. However, monitoring of this characteristic of rapid movement is practically limited to the laboratory settings, in which motion tracking systems can be used to acquire relevant data.

Continuous-capture microwave imaging.

Light-in-flight sensing has emerged as a promising technique in image reconstruction applications at various wavelengths. We report a microwave imaging system that uses an array of transmitters and a single receiver operating in continuous transmit-receive mode. Captures take a few microseconds and the corresponding images cover a spatial range of tens of square meters with spatial resolution of 0.

Single-cell molecular profiling of all three components of the HPA axis reveals adrenal ABCB1 as a regulator of stress adaptation.

Chronic activation and dysregulation of the neuroendocrine stress response have severe physiological and psychological consequences, including the development of metabolic and stress-related psychiatric disorders. We provide the first unbiased, cell type-specific, molecular characterization of all three components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, under baseline and chronic stress conditions. Among others, we identified a previously unreported subpopulation of cells involved in stress adaptation in the adrenal gland.

miR-323a regulates ERBB4 and is involved in depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex and debilitating illness whose etiology remains unclear. Small RNA molecules, such as micro RNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in MDD, where they display differential expression in the brain and the periphery. In this study, we quantified miRNA expression by small RNA sequencing in the anterior cingulate cortex and habenula of individuals with MDD and psychiatrically-healthy controls.

A Random Forest-Based Accuracy Prediction Model for Augmented Biofeedback in a Precision Shooting Training System.

In the military, police, security companies, and shooting sports, precision shooting training is of the outmost importance. In order to achieve high shooting accuracy, a lot of training is needed. As a result, trainees use a large number of cartridges and a considerable amount of time of professional trainers, which can cost a lot.

Sport Biomechanics Applications Using Inertial, Force, and EMG Sensors: A Literature Overview.

In the last few decades, a number of technological developments have advanced the spread of wearable sensors for the assessment of human motion. These sensors have been also developed to assess athletes' performance, providing useful guidelines for coaching, as well as for injury prevention. The data from these sensors provides key performance outcomes as well as more detailed kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data that provides insight into how the performance was obtained.

The Use of IoT Technology in Smart Cities and Smart Villages: Similarities, Differences, and Future Prospects.

Initially, the concept of Smart Cities (urban settlement) originated from the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, however, the use of IoT technology can be extended to the concept of Smart Villages (rural settlement) as well, improving the life of the villagers, and the communities as a whole. Yet, the rural settlements have slightly different requirements than the urban like settlements. If application of IoT in Smart Cities can be characterized by densification of IoT to day-to-day life, following cities' structural characteristics of being densely settled places, IoT empowered Smart Villages are usually a system of dispersion and deficiency.

Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Score Among Patients Qualified For Lung Transplantation With End-Stage Lung Diseases With Particular Consideration of Median Pulmonary Artery Pressure.

Background: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is used to assess the severity of chronic liver disease. It is implemented in transplantology in the process of qualification for urgent liver transplant. The aim of our study was to assess the liver function of patients qualified for lung transplant using MELD score, taking under consideration mean pulmonary artery pressure as an important risk factor of death.

Crowdsourced Traffic Event Detection and Source Reputation Assessment Using Smart Contracts.

Real-time data about various traffic events and conditions-offences, accidents, dangerous driving, or dangerous road conditions-is crucial for safe and efficient transportation. Unlike roadside infrastructure data which are often limited in scope and quantity, crowdsensing approaches promise much broader and comprehensive coverage of traffic events. However, to ensure safe and efficient traffic operation, assessing trustworthiness of crowdsourced data is of crucial importance; this also includes detection of intentional or unintentional manipulation, deception, and spamming.

Approaching the Communication Constraints of Ethereum-Based Decentralized Applications.

Those working on Blockchain technologies have described several new innovative directions and novel services in the Internet of things (IoT), including decentralized trust, trusted and verifiable execution of smart contracts, and machine-to-machine communications and automation that reach beyond the mere exchange of data. However, applying blockchain principles in the IoT is a challenge due to the constraints of the end devices. Because of fierce cost pressure, the hardware resources in these devices are usually reduced to the minimum necessary for operation.

LDAF: Low-Bandwidth Distributed Applications Framework in a Use Case of Blockchain-Enabled IoT Devices.

In this paper, we present Low-Bandwidth Distributed Applications Framework (LDAF)-an application-aware gateway for communication-constrained Internet of things (IoT) devices. A modular approach facilitates connecting to existing cloud backend servers and managing message formats and APIs' native application logic to meet the communication constraints of resource-limited end devices. We investigated options for positioning the LDAF server in fog computing architectures.