Likelihood of Extreme Early Flight of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Across the UK.

Myzus persicae (Sulzer, Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major global crop pest; it is the primary aphid vector for many damaging viruses and has developed resistance to most insecticides. In temperate regions, the risk of widespread crop infection and yield loss is heightened following warm winters, which encourage rapid population growth and early flight. Estimates of the frequency and magnitude of warm winters are, therefore, helpful for understanding and managing this risk.

A novel approach for exploring climatic factors limiting current pest distributions: A case study of Bemisia tabaci in north-west Europe and assessment of potential future establishment in the United Kingdom under climate change.

Bemisia tabaci (the tobacco whitefly) is an important agricultural pest of global significance primarily because of its ability to transmit multiple damaging plant viruses. To date, UK outbreaks of the whitefly have been restricted to glasshouses and there are no records of the whitefly establishing outdoors during the summer. This is despite the fact that annual degree-day models (that estimate accumulated warmth over the year above the development threshold), indicate that B.

Decreased expression level of BER genes in Alzheimer's disease patients is not derivative of their DNA methylation status.

Background: Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease can be caused by accumulation of oxidative DNA damage resulting from altered expression of genes involved in the base excision repair system (BER). Promoter methylation can affect the profile of BER genes expression. Decreased expression of BER genes was observed in the brains of AD patients.

Association between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the hOGG1,NEIL1,APEX1, FEN1,LIG1, and LIG3 Genes and Alzheimer's Disease Risk.

Background: One of the factors that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the DNA damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation that occurs in nerve cells. It has been suggested that the risk of AD may be associated with an age-dependent reduction of the DNA repair efficiency. Base excision repair (BER) is, among other things, a main repair system of oxidative DNA damage.

Discovery of an unknown diversity of Leucinodes species damaging Solanaceae fruits in sub-Saharan Africa and moving in trade (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea).

The larvae of the Old World genera Leucinodes Guenée, 1854 and Sceliodes Guenée, 1854 are internal feeders in the fruits of Solanaceae, causing economic damage to cultivated plants like Solanummelongena and Solanumaethiopicum. In sub-Saharan Africa five nominal species of Leucinodes and one of Sceliodes occur. One of these species, the eggplant fruit and shoot borer Leucinodesorbonalis Guenée, 1854, is regarded as regularly intercepted from Africa and Asia in Europe, North and South America and is therefore a quarantine pest on these continents.

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles.

Objectives: Metal oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs and Al2O3-NPs) are used in many fields, including consumer products and biomedical applications. As a result, exposure to these NPs is highly frequent, however, no conclusive information on their potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity mechanisms are available. For this reason, we studied cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ZnO-NPs and Al2O3-NPs on human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Population Development of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under Simulated UK Glasshouse Conditions.

Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a major pest of tomato plants in South America. It was first recorded in the UK in 2009 where it has been subjected to eradication policies. The current work outlines T.

Apoptosis of lymphocytes and sialic acid plasma level in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Increasing evidence shows that extensive tissue trauma and surgical stress are related to physical alterations of cells and cell death. It was previously reported that total sialic acid (SA) plasma concentration is elevated in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Shedding or secreting of SA from the cell membrane surface or releasing intracellular SA may induce apoptosis.

The degree of lymphocytic mitochondrial transmembrane potential and blood magnesium concentrations during coronary artery bypass grafting.

Unlabelled: Magnesium (Mg) plays an important role in lymphocyte function. Low blood concentration of Mg may result in intralymphocyte imbalance and in turn may be associated with intensified apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Due to its multistage character; extracorporeal circulation (ECC) may augment Mg disorders adding to the above mentioned pathology.

The relationship between magnesium, epinephrine and norepinephrine blood concentrations during CABG with normovolemic hemodilution.

The effects of procedures with extracorporeal circulation on the disturbance of relationships between blood magnesium (Mg), epinephrine, and norepinephrine levels have not been explicitly explained. It is assumed that both hypomagnesemia and increased concentration of the above mentioned hormones exert adverse effects on the myocardium often causing life threatening disorders. This problem is particularly important in cases of stunned myocardium, observed after extracorporeal circulation procedures.