Distensibility of forearm veins in haemodialysis patients on duplex ultrasound testing using three provocation methods.

Objective: It is well-known that vasodilatator function is affected in patients with renal failure. We hypothesized impaired venous forearm distensibility in haemodialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate which provocation method generated 'maximal' venous distensibility in the forearm of haemodialysis patients compared to healthy volunteers by using duplex ultrasound.

Dialysis fistulae patency and preoperative diameter ultrasound measurements.

Background: This study was designed to investigate the possibility of defining a vascular diameter with a practical cut-off point, which predicts a successful patency for radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae in dialysis patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data. Consecutive patients (n=148) with chronic renal failure, needing vascular access for haemodialysis, were included if they underwent duplex ultrasound examination to evaluate preoperatively the vascular status and diameters for radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (RCAVF) construction.

Cross-national comparisons of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination-revised: the CAMCOG-R: results from the European Harmonization Project for Instruments in Dementia.

Background: Transnational and psychometrically appropriate versions of instruments used in the diagnosis of dementia are essential for comparing information between different countries. The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly incorporates a brief neuropsychological test battery, Cambridge Cognitive Examination (recently revised version), which provides objective data on performance across a number of cognitive domains.

Objective: To harmonise the Cambridge Cognitive Examination between seven European countries.

Behavioral problems in dementia: a factor analysis of the neuropsychiatric inventory.

The aim of this study was to detect behavioral subsyndromes of the 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Cross-sectional data of 199 patients with dementia living in the community were collected. Principal component analysis (with Varimax rotation) was used for factor analysis.

[Consensus on the concepts of cortical, subcortical and frontal dementia. Research by national and international dementia experts].

The level of agreement concerning the concepts cortical, subcortical and frontal dementia. The level of agreement between experts in the field of dementia concerning cortical, subcortical and frontal dementia was established. Nowadays these syndromes are implemented in clinical practice; the discussion about the validity and reliability of these concepts however has diminished.

Flow measurements in dialysis shunts: lack of agreement between conventional Doppler, CVI-Q, and ultrasound dilution.

Background: Measuring flow in dialysis shunts is recommended to predict imminent thrombosis. Multiple methods for measuring blood flow are in use. Numerous ultrasound protocols exist which determine volume flow using a conventional Doppler (CD) frequency shift analysis technique.

Peripheral haemodynamics and renal function in relation to the menstrual cycle.

1. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle differs from the follicular phase by the development of a state of general vascular relaxation. 2.