[Review of conservative replacement methods of the included minor defects of dentitions].

The paper reports the review of replacement methods of one absent tooth. The study was an assessment of prosthetic work in 275 patients with similar diagnosis. The aim of the study was to compare the indications for different fixed appliances with adhesive bonding on the example of schematic clinical situations.

[Effects of antiorthostatic hypokinesia on blood levels of interleukine-1beta and interleukine-6 in primates].

Investigations with Macaca mulatta of 4-5 yrs. of age with the body mass of 4.5-6.

[Blood biochemical parameters of tilted primates periodically subjected to gravitational stimuli].

Head-down tilting of primates (HOT) is a universal method of studying the hypokinetic syndrome effects on functionality of various body systems. Clinical biochemical blood assay was performed in a 25-day HDT experiment (-5 degrees) with 11 Macaca rhesus. One group of animals was kept tilted all the time through, whereas the other was periodically returned into the orthostatic position for 30 to 120 minutes 4-5 times a week.

[Body fluids ratio and postural stability of head-down tilted apes in the periods of transition into the active vertical position].

It is known that the hypokinetic syndrome and alteration of the hydrostatic component by microgravity distort functioning of various body systems. Prevention of the adverse effects is achieved through implementation of a variety of physical exercises during tilting, and periodic transition into the upright position. The investigation was performed with 11 Macaques (Macaca mulatta) 3 to 5 yrs.

[Inguinal lymph nodes of monkeys subjected to 8-days-long immersion in water].

The morphometric study of cytoarchitecture of the structural and functional components of lymph nodes of male monkeys (Macaca mulatta) aged 4-5 years was performed after 8-days-long immersion in water. Activation of lymphocyte mitotic activity in lymphoid nodules (B-dependent zones) was demonstrated in association with an accumulation of small lymphocytes in them and an increase of macrophage reaction. Accumulation of mature forms of plasma cells was detected in all the structures of lymph nodes.

[Optimization of transfection properties of DNA-lysine dendrimer complexes].

We studied the possibility of optimizing the DNA transfection properties of carriers based on lysine dendrimers of the third and the fifth generation, including those containing a chloroacetyl or a lipophilic palmitoyl moiety at C-end. The use of lysosome-destroying antibiotic chloroquine and an amphipathic polycationic nonadecapeptide JTS-1 was found to enhance the DNA transfecting properties of the lysine dendrimers. The triple complex including DNA, a lysine dendrimer of the third generation modified with lipophylic moieties of palmitic acid at its C-end, and JTS-1 was shown to be comparable in its transfecting activity to a complex containing Escort, a commercial cationic liposome carrier.

Effects of the C-terminal peptide of the alphaS subunit of the G protein on the regulation of adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A activities by biogenic amines and glucagon in mollusk and rat muscles.

The C-terminal parts of the a subunits of heteromeric G proteins play an important role in the functional linkage of G proteins with receptors of the serpentine type. The present report describes studies of the effects of the C-terminal octapeptide 387-394 of the alphaS subunit of the mammalian G protein on the transmission of the hormonal signal via the hormone-sensitive adenylyl cyclase signal system, whose major components are receptors of the serpentine type, G proteins, and the enzymes adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A. The peptide synthesized here, 387-394 amide (10(-7) - 10(-4) M), dose-dependently decreased adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A activities stimulated by serotonin and glucagon in smooth muscle from the freshwater bivalve mollusk Anodonta cygnea and by the beta agonist isoproterenol in rat skeletal muscle.

[Histomorphometry of primate's iliac bones following head-down tilting and "dry" immersion].

Histomorphometry of the iliac bone in Macaca mulatta males was performed in experiments with 30-d head-down tilting (HDT, n = 6) and 8-10-d "dry" immersion (DI, n = 6). The iliac crest was sampled two weeks before DI or a month prior to HDT, and immediately after completion of the experiments. HDT was shown to provoke osteopenia in the bone spongy manifested by losses in the volume of spongiosa, number of trabeculae, and growth of the space in-between.

[Gravity assisted correction of the hypokinetic syndrome in primates].

In two series of experiments aimed at studying the possibility to alleviate the hypokinetic syndrome in primates with centrifuge-produced artificial gravity (AG) one group of animals was immobilized in the head-down position (HDI, -5 degrees) for 28 d and the other was immobilized and also subjected to regular centrifugation (HDI+AG). In the first series, the animals were rotated at 1.2-1.

[Dendrimers based lysine and their "starburst" polymeric derivatives: prospects of use in compacting DNA and in vitro delivery of genetic constructs].

We attempted to find some compounds for the effective delivery of gene constructs into cells and obtained two trispherical dendrimers on the basis of lysine, (Lys)8-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)4-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)2-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)-Ala-NH2 (D1) and (Lys)8-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)4-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)2-(alpha, epsilon-Lys)-Ala-[Lys(Plm)]2-Ala-NH2 (D2), as well as the starburst polymeric derivatives of D1, (pVIm)8-D1 and (pLys)n-D1, containing poly(N-vinylimidazole) and polylysine chains bound at a single point to the dendrimer amino groups. The conditions of dendrimer-plasmid DNA complex formation were studied. The intracellular localization of these complexes and the expression of gene constructs delivered with their help were analyzed in transfection experiments on the HeLa cell cultures of human epithelial carcinoma and on C2C12 mouse myoblasts.

[Psychosomatic evaluation of primates with the use of a psychomotor testing system].

The higher nervous system reactions of rhesus monkeys to the head-down tilt (HDT, 28 d, -5 degrees) and preventive centrifugation were evaluated with the use of a computerized psychological testing system (PTS). Prior to HDT, the primates elaborated conditioned instrumental food-obtaining reflexes by playing computer games. Drilled to perform PTS tests to the best of their ability, the animals were to fulfill two PTS tests of increasing complexity in HDT.

[Effect of C-terminal peptide of G-protein alfa(s)-subunit on regulation of adenylate cyclase and protein kinase A activities by biogenic amines and glucagon in mollusc and rat muscles].

The peptide synthesised by us: 387-394-amide (10(-7)-10(-4) M), in a dose dependent manner decreases activities of adenyl cyclase and proteinkinase A evoked by serotonine and glucagon in smooth muscles of the freshwater bivalve mollusc Anodonta cygnea and that evoked by beta-agonist isoproterenol--in the rat skeletal muscles. Even in concentration 10(-7) M, the peptide completely eliminates potentiation of the hormones' stimulating effect on adenylyl cyclase activity with the non-hydrolizable analogue of guanine nucleotides (Gpp[NH]p). At the same time, the peptide does not affect stimulation of the adenylyl cyclase activity with non-hormonal agents (NaF, Gpp[NH]p and forkolin).

[The effect of microgravity and head down immobilization on hemopoiesis in primates].

Objects of the investigation were peripheral blood and bone marrow cytology in 6 primates during readaptation following the 2-wk. space flights (SF) aboard biosatellites BION-9, 10 and 11, and ground-based simulations of 17-d sitting in the chairs of the Bios-primat capsule (4 primates) and 4-wk. head-down immobilization (-5 degrees, 12 primates).

[Basic results of the investigation of the effects of antiorthostatic hypokinesia on the functioning of various systems in monkey's organism].

Presented are results of comprehensive studies of functioning various body systems of Macaca mulatta after 4 weeks in antiorthostatic hypokinesia (head-down tilting, HDT). HDT deteriorated monkeys' tolerance of +Gz, altered the higher nervous functioning, and brought about serious disorders in coordination and locomotion. It also impacted energy metabolism, reduced hydration of organism, caused various shifts in the neuroendocrine system, circulation and its controls, and protein, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism.

[Structural and metabolic characteristics of m. vastus lateralis of monkeys during 30-day hypokinesia: effects of prophylactic Gz-accelerations].

Studies of m. vastus lateralis in Rhesus monkeys exposed to weightlessness on board of the Russian biosatellites showed the profound changes of the muscle structural and metabolic profile. It is known that exposure to head-down tilt berets (BR) induces the similar changes though not so pronounced.

[Carbohydrate adaptive substance for prophylaxis of immune disorders and correction of dysbacterioses].

Effects of a new preparation, adaptokhit, on the intestinal microbiocenosis and some parameters of immune resistance were studied in Macaque rhesus during 13-day hypokinesia. Experimental animals were given adaptokhit as an alimentary supplement preventing dysbiotic consequences of the microecologic unbalance due to motor restraint. Results of the investigation showed certain distinctions in the intestinal microflora in the experimental and control animals as early as on day three of the experiment.

[The effect of a two-week anti-orthostatic hypokinesia on the cardiac function and on the latter's regulation in monkeys].

Investigated were the effects of 2-week exposure of four Macaca mulattas to the head-end tilted downward at 10 degrees on contractility of the left myocardium and its controls basing on the data of functional loading tests on the tilting table and at two regimes of centrifugation. The experiment included registration of the left heart pressure, volumetric blood flow in the aorta, and EKG in order to determine stroke volume, maximal isovolumetric pressure, end-systolic and end-diastolic pressures, maximal contraction and relaxation velocities, end-systolic myocardial elasticity, and a constant of the isovolumetric relaxation. As was stated, HDT does not impair contractility of the left myocardium; however, sensitivity of the HR baroreflex control wakens.

[Heart functions in monkeys during a 2-week antiorthostatic hypokinesia].

Dynamics of the left heart ventricular muscle contractility and compliance was studied in 4 monkeys in the head down position (antiorthostatic hypokinesia) with the body angle 10 during 2 weeks. Functional tests on a tilt table and under two conditions of centrifuge rotation were performed prior to and after the antiorthostatic hypokinesia. No changes in the left heart ventricular muscle contractility was found.

[The indices of water-salt metabolism and of the endocrine status in monkeys after flights on the Kosmos biological satellites].

Findings of studying the indices of water-salt metabolism and endocrine status of monkeys after their exposure in the weightless environment onboard the biological satellites of Earth have revealed a change in the blood serum concentrations of electrolytes which is indicative of instability of the system responsible for maintenance of the fluid-mineral homeostasis during readaptation. Results of studying the endocrine status of monkeys infer alteration in calcium metabolism, i.e.

[The theory and practice of epidemic control support for armed forces personnel].

Taking into account the theory of self-regulation of parasitic systems the authors analyse the basic trends of reformation of antiepidemic work in the Army and Navy. The article discusses the necessity of a wide use of methods of epidemiological diagnostics, social-hygienic monitoring, screening tests on pathogenicity of actual infectious agents and immune resistance of personnel. It will be possible to make a transition to a differentiated prophylaxis and struggle with actual infections taking into account the local territory, time and risk groups on the basis of principles of epidemiological supervision which is substantiated by the theory of self-regulation of parasitic systems.