Theorizing Language and Discourse for the Interactional Study of Identities.

The following commentary critically reflects on the pragmatic and semiotic approach to language and identity articulated by Tapia, Rojas, and Picado (Culture & Psychology, Tapia et al. 2017). The following questions are central: 1) What theoretical position is (tacitly) being articulated regarding the nature of language and discourse? Although the authors admit that an explicit theorization of language and discourse is not their focus, the absence of a clear theoretical position is conspicuously problematic.

Interpersonal identity formation in conversations with close friends about dating relationships.

The present study explores how close same-sex friendship groups participate in the co-construction of identities in the interpersonal domain during young adulthood. Participants included 24 same-sex college student friendship triads (12 male and 12 female; 72 total participants) who took part in semi-structured group interviews that elicited stories about conversations with their friends about dating relationship problems. Qualitative thematic analysis revealed five common responses to dating problems evidencing identity work in the context of friends' conversations.

Caught in the Act: How Extraverted and Introverted Friends Communally Cope with Being Recorded.

This study explored how close friends who were similar or opposite on extraversion communally coped with being put on the spot to produce a recorded conversation. Participants were 50 pairs of same-sex college-age friends (54% female) who explicitly discussed the fact that their conversation was being recorded. The initial 'on-stage' episode emerged consistently earliest for extraverted dyads, and the majority of their episodes quickly diverted the on-stage moment.

Expanding hegemonic masculinity: the use of irony in young men's stories about romantic experiences.

This study examines the use of irony in young men's stories about romantic and sexual experiences. Because romantic experiences are central in the constitution of a heterosexual self, and because they are increasingly formulated in relation to traditional masculine norms and the simultaneous avowal and disavowal of effeminacy, they reveal an oscillation between complicity and resistance to hegemonic masculine norms. This oscillation is explored in stories about promiscuity, seduction, and vulnerability.

Channeling Identity: A Study of Storytelling in Conversations Between Introverted and Extraverted Friends.

This narrative study examined the process of personal storytelling between college-age friends who were similarly introverted or extraverted. Participants were 19 introverted and 20 extraverted same-sex pairs (49 percent female) who had been friends for an average of 18 months. Stories emerged spontaneously during 10-minute catch-up conversations.

[The role of alpha2-adrenergic and I1-imidazoline receptors in the effects of clonidine and moxonidine on isolated large intestine of mice].

The ability of clonidine and moxonidine to interact with alpha2-adreno- and I1-imidazoline receptors was studied on isolated segments of large intestine of mice. Both drugs induced dose-dependent contractions in longitudinal muscles of the intestine segments. In both cases, the drug action was almost equally decreased by pretreatment with of yohimbine (alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist with low affinity to I1-imidazoline receptors) and efaroxan (I1-imidazoline receptor agonist with low affinity to alpha2-adrenoreceptors).

Effect of moxonidine on contractile activity of isolated large intestine in mice: role of alpha2-adrenoceptors and Ii-imidazoline receptors.

We studied the ability of moxonidine to interact with alpha2-adrenoceptors and Ii-imidazoline receptors in isolated mouse large intestine. Moxonidine caused contractions of longitudinal muscles in the large intestine, which depended on the dose of this preparation. Pretreatment with yohimbine (alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist with low affinity for Ii-imidazoline receptors) and efaroxan (Ii-imidazoline receptor antagonist with low affinity for alpha2-adrenoceptors) abolished the effect of moxonidine.

[Agmatine--an endogenous ligand of imidazoline receptors].

The existence of imidazoline receptors was suggested based on the results of investigation of the central hypotensive action of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine containing imidazoline group in the molecule structure. Experiments on the rostral venterolateral medulla oblongata (RVLM) neurons in rats showed that not less that 36% of specific binding sites in this zone differ from adrenergic and recognize imidazoline derivatives. Agmatine has proved to be an endogenous ligand of such imidazoline receptors.

Generalist-subspecialist communication about children with chronic conditions: an analysis of physician focus groups.

Objective: To describe barriers and facilitators to effective generalist-subspecialist communication in the care of children with chronic conditions.

Methods: We conducted 5 focus groups with 14 general pediatricians and 10 pediatric specialty providers to discuss factors that facilitate or obstruct effective communication. The specialty groups included 2 nurse practitioners; the rest were pediatricians from an academic medical center and the surrounding community.

[The effect of blood serum proteins from the seal on the analgetic action of narcotic analgesics].

The protein fraction isolated from blood of seal, Phoca groenlandica, has been found to produce hyperalgesic effect on rats exposed to thermic or electrocutaneous nociceptive stimulation, but fail to affect writhes provoked by intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid solution on mice. When combined with morphine, the fraction lowered completely its narcotic analgetic action in the above mentioned tests. On the contrary, these same proteins combined with promedol or fentanil enhanced and prolonged analgetic effect of the latter.

[Study of the mechanism of hypertensive effect of FMRF-like peptides].

The effect of several synthetic FMRF-like peptides in hemodynamics and tonus of isolated rat vessels was studied. Peptide pGlu-Aps-Pro-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 and its C-terminal fragment Arg-Phe-NH2 induced i.v.

[Partial purification of endogenous inhibitors of (+)-[3H] SKF 10047 binding with sigma-opioid receptors of the liver].

Porcine liver extract inhibits (+)-[3H]SKF 10047 binding to rat liver membranes. The inhibitors of (+)-[3H]SKF 10047 binding were detected in acetone supernatant and in acid acetonated powder of the liver extract. Partial purification of the acetone supernatant revealed some characteristics of these inhibitors: low molecular weight (less than 1000), thermostability, resistance to pronase digestion, solubility in water and organic solvents.

[Dalargin--an opioid-like peptide with peripheral action].

Hexapeptide dalargin (Tyr-Dala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg) and its N-terminal penta- and tetrapeptide fragments significantly differed by the peripheral opioid activity "spectra" on three models of isolated organs: the guinea pig ileum, the mouse vas deferens and the mouse large intestine. N-terminal tripeptide and tyrosine-free fragment of Dala-Gly-Phe-Leu possessed no opioid properties. Dalargin and its opioid-like fragments exerted the analgesic effect according to the hot plate and tail flick tests in mice.

[Pharmacokinetics of dalargin].

Pharmacokinetics of a new anti-ulcer drug, synthetic opioid hexapeptide dalargin (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg), which is an analogue of Leu-enkephalin, was studied in rats. Distribution and metabolism of 3H-Tyr-dalargin were examined after intravenous administration at a dose of 150 mg/kg. Main Tyr-containing metabolites of dalargin were detected and dynamics of their concentrations was evaluated in blood within 1 hr after administration.

[Comparative pharmacological characteristics of peptides of the atrial natriuretic factor family].

Comparative antihypertensive and natriuretic activities of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and its nearest shortened analogues--atriopeptines (AP) were studied in vivo on narcotized rats; and their peripheral vasodilating activities were studied in vitro on isolated rings of rat's thoracic aorta. The results obtained in vivo allow a following series of comparative antihypertensive and vasodilating activity: alpha rANF greater than APII greater than AP7-27. alpha rANF, APIII and APII did not differ significantly in vasodilating activity on isolated vessels; analogue 7-27 was less active.

[Opioid activity of peptides and wound healing of the skin].

The binding of dalargin, its four analogues and FK-33824, DADLE, met-enkephalin and morphine to peripheral mu- and delta-receptors and to brain receptors has been investigated in comparison with their influence on skin wound healing in rats. It has been shown that only substances with opiate activity, including morphine, stimulated wound healing. No correlation between wound healing effect of peptides and their binding to a definite receptor has been found.

[Effect of haloperidol on the analgesic activity of opiate agonists administered intracisternally and intrathecally].

The mu-agonist morphine more actively inhibited the complex reflex manifestations of pain responses (the Hafner test and hot plate) in mice as compared to the spinal pain reflexes (tail flick). The delta-agonist D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADL) abolished the responses of both types in the same doses. Haloperidol potentiated the ability of morphine and DADL to inhibit nociceptive responses at the cerebral level.

[Comparison of the analgetic activity of opioid peptides administered intracisternally and intravenously to mice].

Some of synthetic analogs of enkephalins, having protected bonds on the side of N- and C-terminals, were found to exhibit high analgetic activity when injected intracisternally. The analgetic action of enkephalin analogs was unchanged upon intravenous injection, which is accounted for by their resistance to proteolysis and the capacity to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Based on an analysis of the drug ED50 ratios derived during intravenous and intracisternal injections an assumption might be made about low capacity of the test opioid peptides to reach opiate receptors in the central nervous system after systemic drug administration.

Opiate binding sites and endogenous opioids in Bufo viridis oocytes.

Binding sites with high affinity for [3H]naloxone, but not for [3H]morphine and [3H] (D-Ala2, D-Leu5) enkephalin, have been found in membranes of Bufo viridis oocytes. The binding is reversible and saturable. Bound [3H]naloxone is easily displaced both by unlabeled naloxone and bremazocine, much worse by morphine and SKF 10,047; (D-Ala2, D-Leu5) enkephalin and beta-endorphin practically fail to displace [3H]naloxone.

Correlation of hydrophobic character of opioid peptides with their biological activity measured in various bioassay systems.

Relative hydrophobicity of a series of enkephalin-like peptides has been studied by partitioning in the aqueous polymeric Ficoll-dextran biphasic system. The activities of the peptides in the guinea pig ileum, mouse vas deferens and rat brain receptor binding assay systems have been examined. The biological activities of the peptides in the two latter assays were correlated with their hydrophobic character.