The Effect of Rhythmic Optical Stimulation on Temporal Parameters of Human Sensorimotor Response and Their Relation to the Spectral Characteristics of the Initial EEG.

The effect of optical stimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz (OS) on temporal parameters of sensorimotor activity in healthy subjects (n=32) was studied. The expression of the activation response was determined by the ratio of spectral power values (SPα2, μV) of the high frequency (10-13 Hz) subrange of the α-rhythm of the initial EEG with closed and opened eyes and the frequency of the maximum α-peak (IAPF). A test for simple motor reaction time was performed under normal and OS conditions.

Correlation between Cognitive Performance and Interhemispheric Asymmetry of EEG Alpha Rhythm during Lateralized Presentation of Visual Information against the Background of Optical Stimulation.

The effect of lateralized optical stimulation with a frequency of 10 Hz on the effectiveness of cognitive task performance (n-back test) was studied in 33 healthy subjects (right-handed men). Test visual information was presented to the right or left visual hemifield under normal conditions and against the background of optical stimulation with a frequency of 10 Hz. The absolute values of the spectral power of the high (10-13 Hz) subrange of alpha-rhythm of EEG (SPα2) were calculated.

Influence of Rhythmically Organized Optical Stimulation on the Performance of Human Cognitive Activity and Spatial Characteristics of the EEG Alpha Range.

We studied the effect of optical stimulation with a frequency of 10 Hz on the cognitive task effectiveness (the "n-back" test) and spatial characteristics based on the coefficients of coherence (Coh) of the general, high, and low ranges of the EEG alpha rhythm in healthy subjects (38 men aged 18-26 years). Based on the performance of the test presented in the optical stimulation absence, groups with high (group 1) and low (group 2) results have been identified. It was found that the optical stimulation led to a decrease in the test effectiveness in group 1 subjects and to an increase in group 2 persons.

Analysis of Endogenous Spectral Power of EEG Alpha-Range Biopotentials during Mnestic Activity under Conditions of Rhythmically Organized Optical Stimulation.

We studied the effect of optical stimulation (10 Hz) on the effectiveness of mnestic activity in the n-back task in healthy subjects (n=32). EEG was recorded at all stages of the examination. The absolute values of the spectral power of the 10 Hz frequency (μV2) of the alpha range were calculated.

[Dynamics of EEG Alpha-Activity and Heart Rate Variability in Subjects Performing Cognitive Tests].

Changes in the power and coherence of α-activity and heart rate variability (HRV) were studied in students with different performance levels in logical tasks. In those students who reached high scores in the cognitive tests, we observed higher lability of α-activity and HRV; the values and their ratios varied among the stages of intellectual activity. In these subjects, a decrease in the spectral power of α-band was more pronounced than in other groups.

Spatial Organization of Alpha Range Potentials on EEG and Logical Thinking Effectiveness.

We studied spatial organization of EEG alpha range potentials in volunteers with different results of tasks requiring logical thinking. The examinees with higher cognitive test performance have more labile coherent associations of EEG alpha range potentials, which manifested in changes in the level and structure of these associations at different stages of the test. In individuals with poor results, the number of significant coherent associations and their structure do not change during the problem solving process.

[Motivation effect on EEG spectral power and heart rate parameters in students during examination stress].

EEG spectral power was calculated in 24 students (18-21 years) with different levels of motivation and anxiety (tested by Spielberger) in two experimental conditions: during the common educational process and the examination stress. Before examination tests, in subjects with high motivation and anxiety level the relative delta activity power increased in right frontal (F4) brain areas. In students with medium motivation immediately before an examination the relative beta2-activity power increased in right frontal (F4) brain areas.

[Spatial organization of the beta2 EEG frequency band and effectiveness of the intellectual activity in humans].

Features of spatial organization of the beta2 EEG frequency band were studied in subjects with different speed and accuracy during task performance of the memorizing and subsequently reproducing of the sequence of signals on monitor screen. Students who had reached a high speed and accurately performed intellectual tasks were characterized by high lability of the coherent relations in the beta2 EEG range, which manifests itself in a significant coherence increase during memorization and reproduction of the signal sequence compared to the initial state. In contrast, in individuals who needed more much time for making decisions and mistakes, the number and structure of coherent relations from stage to stage of activity considerably did not change.

Dynamics of heart rhythm characteristics and efficiency of intellectual activity during computer work.

Heart rhythm variability characteristics were studied in volunteers with different stability of the results upon switching from one type of intellectual activity to another. Individuals with stable results differed from those with worse accuracy of information reproduction by high initial CV, total power of heart rhythm variability and power of VLF, LF, and HF spectra. Volunteers with stable results were characterized by high lability manifesting by changing values and proportions of heart rhythm variability characteristics at different stages of activity and by the absence of a relationship between these parameters at different stages of activity and initial status of the volunteer.

[Geometrical images of coherent interrelations of biopotentials of EEG different frequency ranges in dynamics of humans goal-directed behavior].

Spatial organization of teta, alfa, beta-1, beta-2 in EEG potentials in humans who quickly an with a high accuracy performed task to learn and reproduce on PC monitor a definite sequence o accuracy performed task to learn and reproduce on PC monitor a definite sequence of circles wer studied. It was found that geometric images of coherent interrelations of teta, alfa, beta-1, beta-2 in EEG potentials were dynamically changed on the different stages of goal-directed the humans activity. The studies give the grounds to consider dynamically changed geometrical images of coherent links of different EEG potentials as an objective index of external projection of intracerebral processes of system architectonics of goal-directed behavior on brain cortex.

Spectral-coherent characteristics of EEG alpha rhythm in different efficiency of visual spatial task performance in humans.

We studied spectral-coherent characteristics of EEG alpha rhythm in 26 students demonstrating different performance efficiency in visual spatial tasks of the same difficulty. More close coherence of biopotentials in the alpha EEG frequency band was observed between the occipital, parietal, central, and temporal areas in both hemispheres of the brain. The results of the experiments showed that different performance efficiency in visual spatial task of the same difficulty was associated with different levels of biopotential synchronization in the EEG alpha frequency band.

[Spectral-spatial characteristics of theta range in the EEG of students with various productivity of performance for visual spatial tasks].

Examinees, which consisted of 46 young males, were offered to memorize and recreate a sequence of signals on a computer monitor. These signals were to be recreated in regard to the original sequence and location. Examinees were divided into two groups depending on their degree of approximation of the correct location of the signal sequence.

[Geometric imaging of coherent interrelationships of electroencephalogram α-rhythm in dynamics of system effective human activity].

In subjects performing tasks quickly and precisely, geometric imaging of coherent connections among the EEG alpha-range potentials dynamically changed and turned out to be specific for each of the intended activity's stages. In the subjects performing tasks slowly and with errors, in different stages of effective human activity, a stability of the geometric image was observed. The revealed geometric imaging changing in different stages of effective activity seems to reflect a multi-level organization of the action results acceptor.

[Spatial organization of biopotentials and decision-making time during purposeful mental activity in humans].

Features of spatial organization of neocortical potentials were studied in subjects with different decision-making time during performing the task of memorizing and subsequently reproducing, on a monitor screen, a sequence of signals. The subjects with a short decision-making time differed from those with a long decision-making time in a higher level of the intra- and interhemispheric coherence in alpha EEG frequency band different neocortical areas during reproduction of a signal sequence (coherence in the frontal, central and parietal areas; coherence between the right central and the left frontal, central, parietal, occipital and temporal areas; coherence between the left occipital and both the frontal areas).

[EEG correlates of individual differences in performance efficiency of students during examination stress].

Performance of cognitive tests and EEG spectral power were evaluated in 39 students aged from 19-21 years in two conditions: during common educational process and immediately before examination (stress condition). Before examination, the performance was better in subjects with low level of spectral density in the delta band (in the occipital, parietal, central and frontal cortical areas) and high level of the alpha-rhythm spectral density in all the cortical areas, A decrease in performance scores before examination was correlated with an increase in the delta activity (in the right frontal and temporal cortical areas) and rise of the anxiety level (tested by Spielberger).

[Priority topics of industrial medicine in production and processing of nonferrous metals alloys].

The authors present general characteristics of nonferrous metals alloys production: work conditions, health state of workers, main directions to make healthier work conditions.

[Energy metabolism in students depending on motivation during exams].

The energy metabolism (EM) was shown to significantly depend upon the motivation level in students during examination. Energy expenditure increased before the examination in low- and medium motivation groups but not in highly motivated students.

[Relaxing effects of local heat-air exposure under stresses in students].

The relaxing effects of local heat-air exposures (TAE) on man (60 male students aged 19-21 years) were studied using a specially designed device which may control temperatures and time on an individual basis depending on the examinees' sensation of a positive emotion. On study days and under examination stress. TAE was shown to reduce situation-induced anxiety, to increase the duration and variability of R-R intervals on ECG, to make EEG right-frontal delta- and theta-indices lower and EEG right occipital and frontal alpha-index higher.