Analysis of the Quality and Chemical Composition of Double-Yolked Eggs Compared to Those of a Normal Structure.

The study material consisted of 360 eggs from a reproductive flock of meat-type hens; 240 were double-yolked eggs and 120 were single-yolked as a control group. The eggs were numbered individually and then analysed for their quality in terms of characteristics of the whole egg (weight, shape index, specific gravity), shell (colour, strength, weight, density), albumen (pH, height, weight, Haugh units) and yolk (colour, weight, shape index, pH). During the analyses, yolks were sampled for analyses including basic composition, fatty acid profile (by gas chromatography) and fatty acid indices.

The sex impact on the technological and chemical characteristics of meat derived from the Polish native chicken breed.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the birds' sex as well as the caponisation influence on the technological traits of obtained meat, fatty acids profile as well as main chemical compounds distribution. In this study, 40 hens, roosters and green-legged partridge capons each were used (4 replications each). At 24 weeks of age, 2 birds from each replication subgroup were selected and slaughtered.

Investigation of structural and neurobiochemical differences in brains from high-performance and native hen breeds.

Selection of livestock has not only led to changes in the level of their performance but also modified their behavior. As a result, within a single species, we have to deal with different behaviors of different breeds. In our study, we assumed that the different behaviors within a species are due to differences in the morphology and physiology of behavior-related systems.

Assessing Bone Health Status and Eggshell Quality of Laying Hens at the End of a Production Cycle in Response to Inclusion of a Hybrid Rye to a Wheat-Corn Diet.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there are negative effects of the partial replacement of white corn with rye along with xylanase supplementation on overall bone quality, eggshell mineralization, and mechanical strength in laying hens. From the 26th week of life, ISA Brown laying hens were fed either a wheat-corn diet or a diet containing 25% rye, with or without xylanase. The experimental period lasted for 25 weeks, until birds reached their 50th week of age, after which bone and eggshell quality indices were assessed.

Environmental Enrichment as Part of the Improvement of the Welfare of Japanese Quails.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the indicators of the behavioural and physiological welfare of Japanese quails () as possible responses to the enrichment of the birds' habitat. The study sample consisted of 280 Japanese quails (224 ♀ and 56 ♂, respectively). Birds of 5 weeks of age were randomly divided into seven equally sized groups and then divided into replication subgroups (four per group, 10 birds in each replication).

The Use of the Dynamics of Changes in Table Eggs during Storage to Predict the Age of Eggs Based on Selected Quality Traits.

The aim of the study was to determine daily changes in some egg quality parameters, indirectly reflecting egg freshness, and to assess the possibility of predicting time from laying using mathematical methods. The study material consisted of 365 table eggs of medium (M, ≥53 g and <63 g) and large (L, ≥63 g and <73 g) weight classes (commercial stock, cage system, brown-shelled eggs) collected on the same day. Eggs were numbered individually and placed on transport trays and stored (14 °C, 70% RH).

Pedigree Analysis of Warmblood Horses Participating in Competitions for Young Horses.

The aim of the study was to characterize the population structure and assess the genetic diversity of warmblood horses used in the show jumping discipline. Pedigree data of 1,048 horses participating in the Polish Championships for Young Horses were analyzed. The pedigree of these animals included 12 863 individuals.

The Influence of Sex on the Slaughter Parameters and Selected Blood Indices of Greenleg Partridge, Polish Native Breed of Hens.

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of sex, including caponization, on selected physiological and productive traits of Greenleg partridge (GP) birds. The study material consisted of 120 GP chicks (40 females and 80 males), divided into 3 equal groups (4 replication in each) and kept in litter system and fed a. A total of 40 cocks have been surgically castrated.

Effects of L-proline on cellular responses of hen erythrocytes subjected to thermal stress.

Little is known on the protective effects of L-proline on hen erythrocytes. The aim of the study was to determine the protective effects of this amino acid at concentrations of 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL in hen erythrocytes subjected to temperatures 41 °C, 43 °C and 45 °C for 1 h and 4 h. The following cellular parameters were determined: viability, morphological alterations, caspase 3/7 activity, heat shock protein HSP70 1A activity and glutathione level.

Early morphological and apoptotic responses of bird erythrocytes to thermal stress.

Little is known about early indicators of heat stress in bird erythrocytes. We investigated the effects of elevated temperatures on the morphology and cellular responses of avian erythrocytes. Hen red blood cells were subjected to 22-45 °C temperatures for 1 h and 4 h, then stained and examined by light microscopy to assess morphological alterations.

Effects of Yeast () Probiotics Supplementation on Bone Quality Characteristics in Young Japanese Quail (): The Role of Sex on the Action of the Gut-Bone Axis.

The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in bone geometry, histological structure, and selected mechanical characteristics in young male and female Japanese quails supplemented with . Quails were fed a basal diet containing no yeast or a basal diet supplemented with 1.5% (15 g per 1 kg of diet) of inactive , for a period of 42 days.

Behavioural Variability in Chicks vs. the Pattern of Behaviour in Adult Hens.

The aim of the study was to assess the behaviour of chicks of three different breeds of laying hens differing in the activity, emotional reactivity, and environmental preferences. Another objective was to answer the question whether the behavioural differences between adult birds would be evident already in the chick period or whether they are an effect of the further modifying impact of the environment. 60 green-legged partridge, 60 Polbar, and 60 Leghorn chicks were used in the experiments.

Variability of laying hen behaviour depending on the breed.

Objective: For many generations, most species of farm animals have been subjected to intense and strictly targeted selection for improvement of their performance traits. This has led to substantial changes in animal anatomy and physiology, which resulted in considerable differences between the current animal breeds and their wild ancestors. The aim of the study was to determine whether there is breed-specific variability in behaviour as well as differences in emotional reactivity and preferences of laying hens.

Effect of caponization on performance and quality characteristics of long bones in Polbar chickens.

The effect of caponization on the mechanical properties of Polbar chicken bones was the subject of investigation. The biomechanical strength of bones and the risk of their deformation or fracture were determined on the basis of their geometric, structural, material, and densitometric properties. Eight-week-old cockerels of Polbar breed were surgically castrated and then fattened until the 24th week of life.

Ultrasonic eggshell thickness measurement for selection of layers.

This study aimed to develop a methodology for using ultrasonic technology (USG) to record eggshell thickness for selection of layers. Genetic correlations between eggshell strength and its thickness have been reported to be around 0.8, making shell thickness a selection index candidate element.

Activity and Safety of Inhaled Itraconazole Nanosuspension in a Model Pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus Infection in Inoculated Young Quails.

Pulmonary aspergillosis is frequently reported in parrots, falcons, and other birds held in captivity. Inhalation is the main route of infection for Aspergillus fumigatus, resulting in both acute and chronic disease conditions. Itraconazole (ITRA) is an antifungal commonly used in birds, but its administration requires repeated oral dosing, and the safety margin is narrow.