The combined assessment of p16 and Mib/Ki-67 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Despite numerous studies addressing the impact of p16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), consistent data regarding survival and tumor proliferation behavior are lacking. Although some authors investigate both p16 and Mib/Ki-67 in their cohorts, direct correlations are consistently missing. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of p16 and Mib/Ki-67 status on prognosis in OSCC.

Small cell transformation in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: DLL3 expression and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors or tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with chemotherapy.

Introduction: Small cell transformation (SCT) is a typical mechanism of adaptive resistance to third generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi) which have become the standard of care for EGFR-driven non-small cell lung cancer (EGFR+ NSCLC). Little is known about the optimal management of SCT patients. This study aimed to compare outcomes under platinum/etoposide chemotherapy alone (chemo) or in combination with EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi+chemo) or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI+chemo).

Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions in adult and pediatric patients with solid tumors: a clinicogenomic biobank and record linkage study of expression frequency and patient characteristics from Finland.

Background: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions are oncogenic drivers. Using the Auria Biobank in Finland, we aimed to identify and characterize patients with these gene fusions, and describe their clinical and tumor characteristics, treatments received, and outcomes.

Material And Methods: We evaluated pediatrics with any solid tumor type and adults with colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), sarcoma, or salivary gland cancer.

Neurotrophic-tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusion in papillary thyroid cancer: A clinicogenomic biobank and record linkage study from Finland.

Selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors are approved targeted therapies for patients with solid tumors harboring a neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusion. Country-specific estimates of gene fusion frequency, and knowledge on the characteristics of affected patients, are limited. We identified patients with histologically-confirmed papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) from Finland's Auria Biobank.

Molecular subtyping of head and neck cancer - Clinical applicability and correlations with morphological characteristics.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the applicability of a customized NanoString panel for molecular subtyping of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC). Additionally, histological analyses were conducted, correlated with the molecular subtypes and tested for their prognostic value.

Material And Methods: We conducted molecular subtyping of R/M-HNSCC according to the molecular subtypes defined by Keck et al.

The value of subcutaneous xenografts for individualised radiotherapy in HNSCC: Robust gene signature correlates with radiotherapy outcome in patients and xenografts.

Purpose: To assess the robustness of prognostic biomarkers and molecular tumour subtypes developed for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) on cell-line derived HNSCC xenograft models, and to develop a novel biomarker signature by combining xenograft and patient datasets.

Materials And Methods: Mice bearing xenografts (n = 59) of ten HNSCC cell lines and a retrospective, multicentre patient cohort (n = 242) of the German Cancer Consortium-Radiation Oncology Group (DKTK-ROG) were included. All patients received postoperative radiochemotherapy (PORT-C).

Prognostic impact of the post-treatment T cell composition and spatial organization in soft tissue sarcoma patients treated with neoadjuvant hyperthermic radio(chemo)therapy.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) form a heterogeneous group of tumors sharing a mesenchymal origin. Despite good local control of the disease, the occurrence of distant metastases often limits survival of STS patients with localized, high-risk tumors of the extremities. Accumulating evidence suggests a central role for the tumor immune microenvironment in determining the clinical outcome and response to therapy.

Update on quality assurance in neuropathology: Summary of the round robin trials on promoter mutation, mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and fusion testing in Germany in 2020 and 2021.

We previously reported on the first neuropathological round robin trials operated together with Quality in Pathology (QuIP) GmbH in 2018 and 2019 in Germany, i.e., the trials on mutational testing and promoter methylation analysis [1].

Perturbations of mesenchymal stromal cells after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation predispose for bone marrow graft-versus-host-disease.

Functional impairment of the bone marrow (BM) niche has been suggested as a major reason for prolonged cytopenia and secondary graft failure after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) serve as multipotent progenitors for several niche components in the BM, they might play a key role in this process. We used collagenase digested trephine biopsies to directly quantify MSCs in 73 patients before (n = 18) and/or after alloHCT (n = 65).

The Immune Contexture of Liposarcoma and Its Clinical Implications.

Liposarcomas (LPS) are the most frequent malignancies in the soft tissue sarcoma family and consist of five distinctive histological subtypes, termed well-differentiated LPS, dedifferentiated LPS (DDLPS), myxoid LPS (MLPS), pleomorphic LPS, and myxoid pleomorphic LPS. They display variations in genetic alterations, clinical behavior, and prognostic course. While accumulating evidence implicates a crucial role of the tumor immune contexture in shaping the response to anticancer treatments, the immunological landscape of LPS is highly variable across different subtypes.

[Interlaboratory comparisons-a central means of external quality assurance].

The precise performance of immunohistochemical and molecular examinations of diagnostic and predictive markers is essential for the further therapy of patients. Due to the increasing number of biomarkers and their detection at the immunohistochemical and molecular level in patient tissue, the pathology has a direct influence on the therapy of patients, which increases the value of external quality assurance (EQA). In pathology, various forms are available for this purpose, such as proficiency tests.

Treatment options for critical size defects - Comparison of different materials in a calvaria split model in sheep.

Bone defects of the craniofacial skeleton are often associated with aesthetic and functional impairment as well as loss of protection to intra- and extracranial structures. Solid titanium plates and individually adapted bone cements have been the materials of choice, but may lead to foreign-body reactions and insufficient osseointegration. In contrast, porous scaffolds are thought to exhibit osteoconductive properties to support bone ingrowth.

Prognostic value of regulatory T cells and T helper 17 cells in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma.

Purpose: In recent years the tumor microenvironment and its interaction with the tumor has emerged into research focus with increased attention to the composition of Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We wanted to quantify the composition of Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 cells (Th17 cells) and their prognostic impact in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma.

Methods: Tregs and Th17 cells were determined by immunohistochemical analysis of CD25 FoxP3 and RORγt, respectively on tissue microarrays of a cohort of 222 patients with reviewed histology and available clinical data.

Assessment of gene expressions from squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to predict radiochemotherapy-related xerostomia and dysphagia.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that gene expressions from biopsies of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients can supplement dose-volume parameters to predict dysphagia and xerostomia following primary radiochemotherapy (RCTx).

Material And Methods: A panel of 178 genes previously related to radiochemosensitivity of HNSCC was considered for nanoString analysis based on tumour biopsies of 90 patients with locally advanced HNSCC treated by primary RCTx. Dose-volume parameters were extracted from the parotid, submandibular glands, oral cavity, larynx, buccal mucosa, and lips.

Molecular profiling and clinical implications of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and extramedullary manifestations.

Background: Extramedullary manifestations (EM) are rare in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their impact on clinical outcomes is controversially discussed.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a large multi-center cohort of 1583 newly diagnosed AML patients, of whom 225 (14.21%) had EM.

The Prognostic Significance of p16 and its Role as a Surrogate Marker for Human Papilloma Virus in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Analysis of 281 Cases.

Background/aim: This study analyzed the expression of p16 in a large cohort of patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who received initial surgical therapy in order to evaluate the prognostic significance of p16 expression and to analyze its value as a surrogate marker to determine human papilloma virus (HPV) status.

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of p16 was performed on tissue microarrays. Different expression levels of p16 (>25%; >50%; ≥70%) with a moderate to strong intensity were correlated with the clinical outcome.

Epstein-Barr virus infection patterns in nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.

Aims: To investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency types in 19 cases of EBV-positive nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), as such information is currently incomplete.

Methods And Results: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD20, CD79a, PAX5, OCT2, CD30, CD15, CD3 and programmed cell death protein 1 was performed. For EBV detection, in-situ hybridisation (ISH) for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was employed combined with IHC for EBV-encoded latent membrane protein (LMP)-1, EBV-encoded nuclear antigen (EBNA)-2, and EBV-encoded BZLF1.

Influence of Systemic Therapy on the Expression and Activity of Selected STAT Proteins in Prostate Cancer Tissue.

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins have been identified as drivers of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and development of aggressive castration-resistant phenotypes. In particular, STAT3, 5, and 6 have been linked to resistance to androgen receptor inhibition and metastasis in in vitro and in vivo models. This descriptive study aimed to validate these preclinical data in tissue obtained from patients with PCa before and while under androgen-deprivation therapy.