Correction: Konstantopoulos et al. HPV16 Oncogene Contributes to Cancer Immune Evasion by Regulating PD-L1 Expression through a miR-143/HIF-1a Pathway. 2024, , 113.

Amanda Psyrri was not included as an author in the original publication [...

RNA editing regulates glutamatergic synapses in the frontal cortex of a molecular subtype of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a highly heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects upper and lower motor neurons, affecting additional cell types and brain regions. Underlying molecular mechanisms are still elusive, in part due to disease heterogeneity. Molecular disease subtyping through integrative analyses including RNA editing profiling is a novel approach for identification of molecular networks involved in pathogenesis.

Αnti-prion effects of anthocyanins.

Prion diseases, also known as Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs), are protein-based neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) affecting humans and animals. They are characterized by the conformational conversion of the normal cellular prion protein, PrP, into the pathogenic isoform, PrP. Prion diseases are invariably fatal and despite ongoing research, no effective prophylactic or therapeutic avenues are currently available.

HPV16 Oncogene Contributes to Cancer Immune Evasion by Regulating PD-L1 Expression through a miR-143/HIF-1a Pathway.

Human Papillomaviruses have been associated with the occurrence of cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer that affects women globally, while 70% of cases are caused by infection with the high-risk types HPV16 and HPV18. The integration of these viruses' oncogenes and into the host's genome affects a multitude of cellular functions and alters the expression of molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate how these oncogenes contribute to the expression of immune system control molecules, using cell lines with integrated HPV16 genome, before and after knocking out viral gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, delivered with a lentiviral vector.

Recommendations for detection, validation, and evaluation of RNA editing events in cardiovascular and neurological/neurodegenerative diseases.

RNA editing, a common and potentially highly functional form of RNA modification, encompasses two different RNA modifications, namely adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) and cytidine to uridine (C-to-U) editing. As inosines are interpreted as guanosines by the cellular machinery, both A-to-I and C-to-U editing change the nucleotide sequence of the RNA. Editing events in coding sequences have the potential to change the amino acid sequence of proteins, whereas editing events in noncoding RNAs can, for example, affect microRNA target binding.

Infectious disease threats to amphibians in Greece: new localities positive for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.

In the early 2000s, numerous cases of European amphibian population declines and mass die-offs started to emerge. Investigating those events led to the discovery that wild European amphibians were confronted with grave disease threats caused by introduced pathogens, namely the amphibian and the salamander chytrid fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal) and ranaviruses.

Carnosic Acid and Carnosol Display Antioxidant and Anti-Prion Properties in In Vitro and Cell-Free Models of Prion Diseases.

Prion diseases are transmissible encephalopathies associated with the conversion of the physiological form of the prion protein (PrP) to the disease-associated (PrP). Despite intense research, no therapeutic or prophylactic agent is available. The catechol-type diterpene Carnosic acid (CA) and its metabolite Carnosol (CS) from Rosmarinus officinalis have well-documented anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects.

A Systematic Review of Common and Brain-Disease-Specific RNA Editing Alterations Providing Novel Insights into Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disease Manifestations.

RNA editing contributes to transcriptome diversification through RNA modifications in relation to genome-encoded information (RNA-DNA differences, RDDs). The deamination of Adenosine (A) to Inosine (I) or Cytidine (C) to Uridine (U) is the most common type of mammalian RNA editing. It occurs as a nuclear co- and/or post-transcriptional event catalyzed by ADARs (Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA) and APOBECs (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like genes).