[Structural and Functional Properties of Vascular Endothelium].

We have summarized in this paper main conceptions on structure and function of vascular endothelium with special attention to the role of caveolae both in regulation of function of endothelium itself and transvesicular transport of metabolic substrates. We have also described the role of shear stress in activation of vascular endothelium and putative mechanisms of its action.

[Dysfunction of vascular endothelium in patients with coronary heart disease].

Patients with FC II-IV CHD and angina of effort were divided into 3 groups (compensated, subcompensated, and decompensated types) based on vascular reaction to local ischemic load Serum lipid spectrum, parameters of hemostasis and blood flow were evaluated before and after the load. It was shown that each type of vascular reaction had specific predictors. Vasodilation in "compensated" patients was largely due to hydrodynamic changes in the vascular bed.

[Endothelial dysfunction in patients with angina pectoris of functional classes II and III].

Hemostatic parameters and the diameter of the brachial artery were studied in patients with functional classes II and III angina on exertion before and after an ischemic test. A multivariate statistical analysis was used to determine the significant parameters that distinguish vascular endothelial function in these patients. At the same time it was established that endothelial dysfunction in patients with varying angina pectoris is determined by different predictors of thrombocytic-vascular hemostasis.

[Effect of a single severe stress on behaviour of males and females in the mouse inbred strains CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J].

The effect of single severe stress in the form of forced swimming on the behavior of males and females in the mouse inbred strains CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J were examined in the open field test. Measurements were carried out within two hours after the stress exposure (Trial 1) and repeated 2 hours thereafter (Trial 2). Intact males and females of the both mouse strains which tested in the open field twice too were used as control.

[Changes in lipid metabolism and hemostasis in intravenous and intrahepatic transplantation of neonatal allogenic hepatocytes in conditions of experimental hypercholesterolemia].

We studied effects of neonatal hepatocytes transplantation (NHT) on lipid metabolism and hemostasis in experimental hypercholesterolemia. A positive NHT influence on lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation and hemostasis was established. The experimental data evidence for preferential influence of intrahepatic NHT on lipid metabolism and hemostasis compared to intravenous NHT.

[Dynamic changes of brain serotonergic and dopaminergic activities during development of anxious depression: experimental study].

Chronic psychoemotional stress of social defeats produces development of experimental anxious depression in male mice similar to this disorder in humans. 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels, TPH and MAO A activities, 5-HT1A-receptors in different brain areas were investigated at different stages of development of experimental disorder. It has been shown that initial stage (3 days of social stress) is accompanied by increase of 5-HT level in some brain areas.

[Involvement of kappa-opioid receptors in mechanisms of aggressive and submissive types of behavior in male mice].

Effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50.488H (0.0, 0.

[Is dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate an anxiolytic agent?].

Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS, 30 mg/kg, i.p., 4 and 28 hours after the injection) were studied in CBA/Lac male mice different in the level of anxiety resulting from repeated social victories (winners) or social defeats (losers) in 10 daily agonistic confrontations.

[Modifying effect of the repeated experience of agonistic confrontations on effect of naltrexone in male mice].

In mice with different experience of agonistic confrontations: victories or social defeats during 3 and 10 days (T3 and T10 winners and T3 and T10 losers, resp.), T10 winners displayed a lesser aggression and a more hostile behaviour than T3 winners. Naltrexone dose-dependently decreased attacks in the T3 winners and did not affect aggressive grooming, diggings, autogrooming, and exploratory activity.

[The determination of the parameters of anxiety in C57BL/6J, CBA/Lac and BALB/c mice under the influence of a serotonin C1A receptor agonist [correction of antagonist].

Three strains of inbred mice, C57BL/6J (C57), CBA/Lac (CBA), and BALB/c (BALB) were examined in the elevated plus-maze after the injection of an anxiotropic drug, a 5-HT1A agonist ipsapirone (3 mg/kg; i.p.; 30 min).

[Effect of the brain 5-HT2 receptor blockade on gastric mucosa damage caused by social stress in males of two mouse strains].

Mice-losers in social conflicts had an increased number of haemorrhages and erosions in gastric mucosa as compared with the control and winners-mice. Administration of ciproheptadine and/or ketanserin enhanced the neurogenic gastric damage both in the winners and in control mice. The CBA strain mice were more sensitive to the damaging effects of the drugs than the C57-strain winners.

[The effect of central serotonin administration on the neurogenic damage to the gastric mucosa due to chronic social stress in inbred mice].

A reiterated negative experience of intermale confrontations for 3 and 10 days resulted in aggravation of neurogenic ulceration of gastric mucosa in defeated males from all strains of mice under study, the number of mucosa erosions being 2-3-fold greater than in winners or control animals. Administration of serotonine into the lateral ventricles increased the number of erosions in intact mice of all genotypes. In experimental groups, a considerable diversity was found in respect to the effects of exogenous serotonine on the gastric mucosa.

[Differences in the effects of naltrexone on the communicative and aggressive behaviors of subjects with different experiences of social conquests].

The authors studied the effect of naltrexone (0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) on the communicative and aggressive behavior of male C57BL/6J mice with experience in triumphs in 20 tests (victors) and of mice without such experience (novices).

[The effect of the repeated experience of victories and defeats in social conflicts on the function of the brain serotoninergic system in male mice].

Serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) activity, and 5-HT1A receptor binding were studied in brain areas of male mice after repeated experience of victories (winners) and defeats (losers) in daily male confrontations. A decrease in the TPH activity in midbrain and its decrease in hypothalamus were shown in winners in comparison with controls. The victory experiences were accompanied by a pronounced increase of Bmax of 5-HT1A receptors in the frontal cortex and decrease of Kd in the hypothalamus.

[Poststress lesions of the gastric mucosa in inbred mice after the peripheral administration of cyproheptadine and propranolol].

Intraperitoneal administration of 5-HT2-receptor blocking agent ciproheptadine abolished the protective effect on stress-induced damage of gastric mucosa in male mice, while propranolol depresses this protective effect. Propranolol prevented a damaging effect of serotonine on gastric mucosa. Consequences of emotional stress on gastric mucosa seem to be realised through different types of serotoninergic receptors.

[The participation of serotonin S2 receptors in realizing the effects of stress on ulcer formation in the gastric mucosa of inbred mice].

Significant interstrain differences in intensity and character of changes in gastric mucosa induced by affecting the serotoninergic system, were found. The main mechanism of stress-induced stomach ulceration was found to involve brain serotonin in central regulation of the stomach blood flow. Use of exogenic amine and its precursor corroborated the serotonin-dependent ulceration of the stomach in mice.

[The effect of the prolonged experience of aggression and subordination on the adrenal cortical and androgenic functions of inbred male mice].

Repeated experience of aggression and submission in daily agonistic confrontations differently changed stress response in winners and losers of CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J strains. Experience of defeats was accompanied by expressed decrease of testosterone level in losers. Number of hemorrhages and erosions was significantly more in losers when compared to winners.

[A comparison of the effects of cyproheptadine and propranolol on the development of poststressor lesions of the gastric mucosa in inbred mice].

The effects of central cyproheptadine and propranolol were virtually the same but differed in their intensity. Differences between genotypes were shown to be able to determine the differences in effects of the blocking agents on different kinds of stress-induced stomach damage. The data obtained suggest that genotypic properties of the serotoninergic system can interfere considerably with the reactions of the stomach mucosa to emotional stress.

[Central serotonin administration and post-stress damage of the gastric mucosa in inbred mice during various seasons].

The severity of neurogenic damage to the gastric mucosa (GM) induced by emotional stress (ES) in administration of serotonin or its precursor in biosynthesis--5-hydroxytryptophan into the lateral ventricle of the brain was studied in experiments on mice of inbred strains. The development of lesions in the GM in the form of erosions and hemorrhages proved to be dependent on many factors, first of all on the time of administration of the preparations--before or after ES. The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on the formation of GM stress damage was less marked than that of serotonin.

[Genotypic differences in the reactivity of the hypophyseo-adrenal system and the resistance of mice to cooling].

The response of pituitary-adrenal axis (non-specific stress reaction) and body temperature change (specific reaction to cold) to mild and extreme cold was studied in ten mice strains. Genotypic systems controlling the activity of pituitary-adrenal axis under the cold of various intensity seem to be different. It is possible that the extent of decrease in body temperature under the cold of various intensity is determined by the same hereditary mechanisms.

[Long-term results of combined radiation therapy of cancer of the cervix].

The authors presented 5-year results of combined radiation therapy of 217 patients with stage I-II cervical cancer using 60Co high energy sources on the Agat-B unit for intracavitary irradiation. Intracavitary therapy with fractions of 10 and 5 Gy was compared. No significant correlation was found between a therapeutic effect and a fraction value.

[Genetic and seasonal characteristics of the effect of stress on pain sensitivity in mice].

The role of genetic and seasonal factors in stress-induced changes of pain sensitivity, evaluated by latency in hot plate test was studied. Significant interstrain differences in restriction effect on pain sensitivity was established. Analgesia, hyperalgesia or lack of influence on pain sensitivity in mice of different strains was observed in response to emotional stress.