Cytoskeleton and Nucleotide Signaling in Glioma C6 Cells.

This chapter describes signaling pathways, stimulated by the P2Y nucleotide receptor (P2YR), that regulate cellular processes dependent on actin cytoskeleton dynamics in glioma C6 cells. P2YR coupled with G-proteins, in response to ATP or UTP, regulates the level of iphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP) which modulates a variety of actin binding proteins and is involved in calcium response and activates Rac1 and RhoA proteins. The RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway plays an important role in contractile force generation needed for the assembly of stress fibers, focal adhesions and for tail retraction during cell migration.

The role of oxidative stress in female infertility and in vitro fertilization.

Infertility problem involves many couples of reproductive age. It has been estimated that in Poland 0.7-1.

[Watching dance of the molecules - CARS microscopy].

CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering) microscopy is an imaging method for living cells visualization as well as for food or cosmetics material analysis without the need for staining. The near infrared laser source generates the CARS signal - the characteristic intrinsic vibrational contrast of the molecules in a sample which is no longer caused by staining, but by the molecules themselves. It provides the benefit of a non-toxic, non-destructive and almost noninvasive method for sample imaging.

HAX-1: a novel p-body protein.

HAX-1, a multifunctional protein involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell migration, and calcium homeostasis, binds the 3' untranslated region motifs of specific transcripts. This suggests that HAX-1 plays a role in post-transcriptional regulation, at the level of mRNA stability/transport or translation. In this study, we analyze in detail HAX-1 colocalization with processing bodies (P-bodies) and its dependence on mRNA availability.

[Nucleotide receptors and actin cytoskeleton dynamics].

Signaling cascades evoked by P2Y2 receptor plays an important role in the phenomena dependent on the actin cytoskeleton dynamics endocy-tosis, cell division, adhesion, intracellular transport and migration. P2Y2R coupled with G proteins, in response to ATP or UTP activates Rac1 and RhoA proteins important factors in actin cytoskeletal reorganization and regulates the level of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) that binds directly to a variety of actin regulatory proteins and modulates their function. The P2Y2 nucleotide receptor contains the integrin-binding domain enables it to interact selectively with α(v)β3 and α(v)β5 integrins and is required for G0-mediated Rac1 activation.

HAX-1 is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein with a possible role in mRNA processing.

HAX-1 is a multi-functional protein that is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell motility and calcium homeostasis. It is also reported to bind RNA: it associates with structural motifs present in the 3' untranslated regions of at least two transcripts, but the functional significance of this binding remains unknown. Although HAX-1 has been detected in various cellular compartments, it is predominantly cytoplasmic.

Cytoskeleton and nucleotide signaling in glioma C6 cells.

This chapter describes signaling pathways stimulated by the P2Y(2) nucleotide receptor (P2Y(2)R), that regulate cellular processes dependent on actin cytoskeleton dynamics in glioma C6 cells. P2Y(2)R coupled with G-proteins, in response to ATP or UTP, regulates the level of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) which modulates a variety of actin binding proteins and is involved in calcium response and activates Rac1 and RhoA proteins. The RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway plays an important role in contractile force generation needed for the assembly of stress fibers, focal adhesions and for tail retraction during cell migration.

Comparison of prognosis in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer staged IB in FIGO 1988 and 2009 classifications.

Purpose: Since 2009 the new FIGO Staging System of endometrial cancer, which changed the previous FIGO 1988 Staging System, has been in use. The aim of the study was to compare prognosis in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer at stage IB of the 2009 FIGO Staging System and of the 1988 FIGO Staging System.

Methods: We analyzed 173 patients: 108 patients (group A) at stage IB in FIGO 1988 Staging System, and 68 patients (group B) at stage IB in FIGO 2009 Staging System from 262 consecutive endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

Comparison of FIGO 1989 and 2009 recommendations on staging of endometrial carcinoma: pathologic analysis and cervical status in 123 consecutive cases.

Incidences of endometrial carcinoma (EC) among women of Western countries is increasing, reaching a level of 18/100,000. In 2009, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) proposed a new staging system in EC. The purpose of this study included the evaluation of distribution of EC in categories of age, histologic grade, and surgical staging according to the 1989 and the 2009 FIGO guidelines.

Is MLC phosphorylation essential for the recovery from ROCK inhibition in glioma C6 cells?

Inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) activity in glioma C6 cells induces changes in actin cytoskeleton organization and cell morphology similar to those observed in other types of cells with inhibited RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. We show that phosphorylation of myosin light chains (MLC) induced by P2Y₂ receptor stimulation in cells with blocked ROCK correlates in time with actin cytoskeleton reorganization, F-actin redistribution and stress fibers assembly followed by recovery of normal cell morphology. Presented results indicate that myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) is responsible for the observed phosphorylation of MLC.

Long-term survival of endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

Introduction: To establish risk factors for onset and progression of endometrioid endometrial cancer still remains the aim of scientists. The aim of the study was to determine disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review of 142 patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer after surgery treated with adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in the Regional Cancer Centre in Lodz between 2002 and 2004 was performed.

Folic acid-conjugated core/shell ZnS:Mn/ZnS quantum dots as targeted probes for two photon fluorescence imaging of cancer cells.

This work presents a novel approach to producing water soluble manganese-doped core/shell ZnS/ZnS quantum dots (ZnS:Mn/ZnS). The Mn-doped ZnS core was prepared through a nucleation doping strategy and a ZnS shell was grown on ZnS:Mn d-dots by decomposition of Zn(2+)-3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) complexes at 100 °C. It was found that the Mn2+(4)T1→6A1 fluorescence emission at ∼590 nm significantly increased after growth of the shell when the Mn2+ doping content was 4.

[Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in biological and medical research].

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful tool for producing an image based on the differences in the exponential decay rate of the fluorescence from a fluorescent sample. This technique can provide information, not only concerning the localization of specific fluorophores, but also about the local fluorophore environment. It can be used in scanning confocal, multi-photon microscopes, or in wide-field microscopes and endoscopes.

Primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma in a patient with a history of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

We describe a unique case of a 67-year-old patient with primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma with a history of breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed in our patient during adjuvant treatment of breast cancer with anastrozole. To the best of our knowledge, the development of primary uterine rhabdomyosarcoma has never been described in patients treated with anastrozole.

[Adnexal tumors after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer].

Objective: The risk of metastatic ovarian tumor is significantly higher in case of women with a history of colorectal cancer. Additionally, the possibility of developing ovarian cancer due to congenital mutations in suppressor genes should be assessed.

Design: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and histopathology of adnexal tumors in case of female patients with a history of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

[Abdominal Burkitt lymphoma mimicking the ovarian cancer. Case report and review of the literature].

Unlabelled: Primary Burkitt lymphoma is a lymphoblastic B-cell malignant tumor with very aggressive course. Its abdominal form involving internal genital organs is very rare.

Case: We report the case of 27-year-old woman treated for abdominal Burkitt lymphoma.

Aspects of programmed cell death during early senescence of barley leaves: possible role of nitric oxide.

Leaf senescence is a highly coordinated process which involves programmed cell death (PCD). Early stages of leaf senescence occurring during normal leaf ontogenesis, but not triggered by stress factors, are less well known. In this study, we correlated condensation of chromatin and nuclear DNA (nDNA) fragmentation, two main features of PCD during early senescence in barley leaves, with the appearance of nitric oxide (NO) within leaf tissue.

[Krukenberg tumor - common problem of gynecologists, surgeons oncologists and pathologists. Report of three cases and review of the literature].

Ovarian cancer constitutes one of the most frequent malignant tumours in the female population not only in Poland. The screening of this tumour type is unsolved. The tumours are usually diagnosed in the advanced stage, thus the survival rate are usually poor.

[Uterine leiomyomas: A prenatal diagnosis group study].

Objective: To evaluate uterine myomas among pregnant women underwent prenatal diagnosis procedures and to relate these findings to failures of AC, CVS or Triple Test.

Methods: 223 pregnancies were analyzed. There were 178 AC cases, 22 cases of transabdominal CVS and 23 cases of the false positive Triple Test result.

[Routine episiotomy in modern obstetrics. Is it necessary?].

The study presents a literature review on the benefits and risk of the routine episiotomy during the second stage of labour. Perineal trauma complications as well as perinatal outcomes are discussed. The risk of stress incontinence and sexual dysfunction are described.

[Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy].

The paper presents a simple and cheap method of transvaginal hydro-laparoscopy used for the observation women pelvic organs. The method may be useful to diagnose sterility, indefinite pains the pelvis or to control the patients previously undergoing operations. Hydro-laparoscopy was carried out in 12 patients by means of a modified 3 mm hysteroscope equipped with modified Verres needle.

[Rapidly growing endometrial cyst of the uterus in a young woman].

A case of a rapidly growing endometriotic cyst of uterus in young women diagnosed for sterility, and previously treated by GnRH analogues was presented. The case was difficult to diagnose before the operation.

[Endometriosis of the abdominal wall: diagnosis and treatment techniques].

An analysis of abdominal wall endometrioma management was performed. History of cesarean section and/or uterine surgery and ultrasound are important in the diagnosis. Danazol test may confirm the diagnosis as well as reduce tumor size before operation.

[Adenomyosis. Diagnostic technique and treatment].

Study Objective: A retrospective analysis of ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Design: Evaluation of 149 cases of hysterectomy excluding cases of ovarian and/or cervical carcinoma.

Material And Methods: Pre-operative ultrasound results were analyzed in 149 cases of hysterectomy.