Towards precision dosing in psychiatry: Population pharmacokinetics meta-modelling of clozapine and lithium.

Background: Treatment optimization is mandatory in psychiatric diseases and the use of population pharmacokinetics (popPK) models through model informed precision dosing (MIPD) has the potential to improve patient medical care. In this perspective, meta-modelling methods could provide popPK models with improved predictive performances and most of covariates of interest. The aims of this study were to develop meta-models of clozapine and lithium, assess their predictability and propose optimized dosing regimens for both drugs.

Lifetime sexual violence experienced by women asylum seekers and refugees hosted in high-income countries: Literature review and meta-analysis.

Screening and care for victims of sexual violence (SV) among asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs) living in High-income host countries were prioritized by the WHO in 2020. The lack of stabilized prevalence findings on lifetime SV among ASRs in High-income countries hinders the development of adequate health management. The objective of this study was to determine the lifetime prevalence of SV experienced by ASRs living in High-income countries.

Sexual Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: In individuals with schizophrenia, antipsychotic-induced dysfunctions are frequent but often underexplored in clinical practice.

Objective: To synthetize the data of observational studies exploring the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders as well as associated factors.

Data Sources: A systematic literature search without language or time restrictions was conducted in Google, Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Université Sorbonne Paris Cité for studies published up to June 8, 2022.

Long-term remission following esketamine nasal spray sessions in a patient with severe and highly treatment-resistant depression: a single-case report.

About 30% of patients with major depressive disorder have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Recently, intranasal esketamine was approved as a treatment option after the failure of two antidepressant trials. We report a patient with multiresistant depression that was successfully and safely treated with esketamine nasal spray.

Virtual reality cue exposure therapy for tobacco relapse prevention: a comparative study with standard intervention.

Background: Successful interventions have been developed for smoking cessation although the success of smoking relapse prevention protocols has been limited. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in particular has been hampered by a high relapse rate. Because relapse can be due to conditions associated with tobacco consumption (such as drinking in bars with friends), virtual reality cue exposure therapy (VRCE) can be a potential tool to generate 3D interactive environments that simulate risk situations for relapse prevention procedures.

ADHD prevalence in patients with hypersexuality and paraphilic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hypersexuality and paraphilic disorders have been associated with increased ADHD in several studies. To determine the prevalence of ADHD in hypersexuality and paraphilic disorders. Three databases (Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were explored.

Towards Precision Dosing of Clozapine in Schizophrenia: External Evaluation of Population Pharmacokinetic Models and Bayesian Forecasting.

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring and treatment optimization of clozapine are recommended, owing to its narrow therapeutic range and pharmacokinetic (PK) variability. This study aims to assess the clinical applicability of published population PK models by testing their predictive performance in an external data set and to determine the effectiveness of Bayesian forecasting (BF) for clozapine treatment optimization.

Methods: Available models of clozapine were identified, and their predictive performance was determined using an external data set (53 patients, 151 samples).

ADHD and addictive behavior in crack-cocaine users.

Background: Crack consumption is a major public health issue in Martinique with a poor prognosis. A preliminary study has found a high prevalence of history of childhood ADHD (C-ADHD) in crack users.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of C-ADHD and adult ADHD (A-ADHD) in crack users and their potential associations with substance use behavior.

Exploring sexualized substance use, sexual behaviors and HIV-screening practices in people attending erotic industry shows.

Previous studies showed that Erotic industry sShows (ES) were appropriate events for sexual health promotion and testing interventions. A cross-sectional survey exploring screening practices, sexual behaviors, substance use, and sexual motives for substance use was conducted in ES in December 2017 and completed by 781 respondents. Overall, .

Precision-medicine findings from the FACE-SZ cohort to develop motivation-enhancing programs in real-world schizophrenia.

Background: In people with schizophrenia, major areas of everyday life are impaired, including independent living, productive activities, social relationships and overall quality of life. Enhanced understanding of factors that hinder real-life functioning is vital for treatments to translate into more positive outcomes.

Aim: The goal of the present study was to identify factors associated with motivation deficits in real-life schizophrenia, and to assess its contribution to impaired functioning and quality of life.

Redefining peripheral inflammation signature in schizophrenia based on the real-world FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Peripheral inflammation is associated with impaired prognosis in schizophrenia (SZ). Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is the most used inflammatory biomarker in daily practice. However, no consensual cut-off has been determined to date to discriminate patients with peripheral inflammation from those without.

The Covid-19 infection: An opportunity to develop systematic vitamin D supplementation in psychiatry.

Psychiatric patients are at risk of hypovitaminosis D and Covid-19-related mortality. In addition to the mental health benefits, vitamin D supplementation may be potentially effective in preventing severe forms of Covid-19 infections. Vitamin D supplementation is not necessary and is not reimbursed in France for this indication.

Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) in schizophrenia (SZ; SZ-MDD) has been identified as a major prognostic factor. However, the prevalence and associated factors of SZ-MDD have never been explored in a meta-analysis. All studies assessing the prevalence of SZ-MDD in stabilized outpatients with a standardized scale or with structured interviews were included.

Depressive symptoms and chronic peripheral inflammation are associated with impaired functional remission in schizophrenia independently of psychotic remission.

Background: While psychotic remission in schizophrenia (SZ) has been defined by consensus and associated with a rank of clinical predictive factors, there is a lack of data of factors associated with functional remission.

Objectives: To identify clinical and biological factors associated with impaired functional remission in a non-selected chronic stabilized SZ outpatients.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study carried out on all admitted SZ stabilized outpatients in an academic daily care psychiatric hospital.

Brain SPECT perfusion and PET metabolism as discordant biomarkers in major depressive disorder.

Background: Brain SPECT perfusion and PET metabolism have been, most often interchangeably, proposed to study the underlying pathological process in major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this study was to specify similarities and inconsistencies between these two biomarkers according to global characteristics of the disease. We conducted a retrospective study in 16 patients suffering from treatment-resistant MDD who underwent, during the same current episode, a cerebral perfusion SPECT with Tc-HMPAO and a metabolic PET with F-FDG.

Sexual-orientation based discrimination is associated with anxiety and depression in young physicians. A national study.

Introduction: The professional risk factors for depression and anxiety are underexplored in young physicians. While there has been increasing research on the mental health and well-being of lesbian, gay and bisexual patients, few studies have examined the mental health and well-being of lesbian, gay and bisexual young physicians.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Sexual Orientation-Based Discrimination (SOBD) in French young physicians and if SOBD was associated with increased anxiety and depression in this population.

Major depression, sleep, hostility and body mass index are associated with impaired quality of life in schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Impaired Quality of life (QoL) in schizophrenia has been mostly associated with psychotic and mood symptomatology, insight and functioning so far.

Aims: QoL levels remain unsatisfactory due to other factors we aim to explore.

Method: We have explored sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, hostility with the Buss&Perry questionnaire, major depression with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale depressive factor, functioning with the Global Assessment of Functioning scale and weight gain with body mass index in addition to other classical QoL-associated factors.

Microbiota-Orientated Treatments for Major Depression and Schizophrenia.

Background And Significance: There is a need to develop new hypothesis-driven treatment for both both major depression (MD) and schizophrenia in which the risk of depression is 5 times higher than the general population. Major depression has been also associated with poor illness outcomes including pain, metabolic disturbances, and less adherence. Conventional antidepressants are partly effective, and 44% of the subjects remain unremitted under treatment.