Specific cleavage of IGFBP-4 by papp-a in nervous tissue.

Astrocytes are subtypes of glial cells involved in metabolic, structural, homeostatic, and neuroprotective processes that help neurons maintain viability. Insulin-like growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2 are known to have neuroprotective effects on neurons and glial cells through interaction with specific receptors. IGF forms a complex with IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) in nervous tissue and is released from the complex via IGFBP proteolysis by specific proteases.

PAPP-A-Specific IGFBP-4 Proteolysis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

The insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II-as well as their binding proteins (IGFBPs), which regulate their bioavailability-are involved in many pathological and physiological processes in cardiac tissue. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) is a metalloprotease that preferentially cleaves IGFBP-4, releasing IGF and activating its biological activity. Previous studies have shown that PAPP-A-specific IGFBP-4 proteolysis is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemia, heart failure, and acute coronary syndrome.

An Efficient 2D Protocol for Differentiation of iPSCs into Mature Postmitotic Dopaminergic Neurons: Application for Modeling Parkinson's Disease.

About 15% of patients with parkinsonism have a hereditary form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies on the early stages of PD pathogenesis are challenging due to the lack of relevant models. The most promising ones are models based on dopaminergic neurons (DAns) differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of patients with hereditary forms of PD.

[Systemic Antimicrobials Consumption and Expenditures in Departments of Surgery of Multi-Profile Hospitals in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus: Results of Multicentre Pharmacoepidemiological Study].

The results of the systemic antimicrobials (AM) consumption and expenditures assessment in the departments of surgery of multi-profile hospitals in different regions of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in 2009-2010 based on retrospective collection and analysis of the data from the hospital expenditure notes using ATC/DDD methodology are presented. The average AM consumption and expenditure rates in the above mentioned departments varied from 24.9 DDD/100 bed-days to 61.

[Outcomes of treatment in new cases of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, prediction of the risk for its relapse].

Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis has been a major form in the structure of respiratory tuberculosis morbidity for many years. The present investigation has provided the data suggesting the preservation of tuberculous activity within 3 years after completion of an adequate basic course of therapy--complete resolution of specific changes in almost every three patients and a two-fold reduction in the proportion of major residual posttuberculous changes. Prognostic criteria for the progression of a tuberculous process and for the formation of major residual changes were established, which were used to develop an algorithm for determining the individual degree of a relapse risk in each cured patient, which made it possible to optimize the periods of a follow-up.

[Outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients without bacterial isolation (according to sputum microscopy data)].

The composition, the outcomes of treatment and a follow-up were analyzed in 4 954 first detected adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the baseline negative results of a sputum test for acid-resistant mycobacteria, with the involvement of not more than a lobe. The basic course of therapy yielded clinical and X-ray effects in 83.6% of cases.

[Compulsory hospitalization of non-compliant patients with tuberculosis].

The procedure and results of forced treatment per curiam were analyzed in 584 bacteria-discharging persons registered as Group 1 patients to be examined in the tuberculosis facilities of the Kemerovo Region in 2004 to 2007. If a package of measures for forcing the patient to be treated is ineffective, a phthisiatrician draws up documents for court. By the decision of the court, the patient is conveyed by justice officers to a tuberculosis hospital.

[Improving the activity of the inpatient departments of tuberculosis facilities].

The state-of-the-art of care given in the inpatient departments of tuberculosis facilities (TF) in the Kemerovo Region is analyzed. Large municipal TFs have been reorganized as interregional ones with their adjacent areas being assigned. Indications for hospitalization have been formulated.

[Clinical and immunological manifestations of tuberculosis concurrent with HIV infection in the Kemerovo Region].

The clinical and immunological features of the course of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) were studied in 418 patients with HIV infection. PT developed in the presence of HIV infection in 212 patients (Group 1), active PT was detected before HIV infection in 72 (Group 2), TB and HIV infection were concurrently diagnosed in 134 patients (Group 3). In the region, most patients with TB and HIV infection were found to have a moderately suppressed immune response.

[Role of familial and nonfamilial contacts in the incidence of childhood tuberculosis].

Statistics and data on 101 firstly detected children with active tuberculosis in Kemerovo were studied. In 2003 to 2005, there was a marked rise in tuberculosis morbidity among children in the Kemerovo Region, to the utmost in Kemerovo. During a tuberculosis epidemic, a nonfamilial contact mainly with overlooked bacterium-isolating adults plays a leading role in the incidence of tuberculosis.

[Interdepartmental interaction in the detection and treatment of patients with tuberculosis].

The experience of interdepartmental interaction in solving the problem of tuberculosis in the Kemerovo Region has been analyzed. The region's administration has strengthened the material-and-technical basis of the service. The advisory tuberculosis council has been set up.

[Experience in improving the microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis in the Kemerovo Region].

Measures to improve the organization of microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis and to upgrade its quality have been implemented in the Kemerovo Region. The regional reference laboratory has been reconstructed in accordance with the international standards. Inter-regional centers for microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis have been set up on the basis of large tuberculosis treatment facilities.

[The specific features of disseminated forms of tuberculosis in children].

The results of examination and treatment were analyzed in 23 children with disseminated and miliary tuberculosis. Babies of the first year of life made up more than 1/2. After BCG vaccination, the scar was less than 5 mm in diameter in most cases.

[Composition and morphological characteristics of deaths from tuberculosis].

Two hundred and forty eighty deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed in adults. The most frequent cause of deaths was progressive tuberculosis, mainly as caseous pneumonia (60.9%) and the less frequent one was a multicavernous process with bronchogenic (28%) and hematogenic (15%) dissemination.

[Psychological peculiarities in adolescent patients with tuberculosis].

The paper presents the results of psychological examination in 110 adolescent patients with respiratory tuberculosis and 89 healthy adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Most adolescent patients were found to be highly anxious personalities, they were all diagnosed as having accentuation of character. The adolescent patients differed from healthy individuals by inadequate communicability, sensitive, liability to accumulation of negative emotions, by bad need for support and feelings to be taken hard, by marked internal strain and yearning for showing his/her individuality.

[The significance of polymerase chain reaction in diagnosing causes of subfebrility in children and adolescents].

Examination of 37 children and adolescents with long-term subfebrility and other manifestations of intoxication without local pathological changes included blood test (polymerase chain reaction) for M. tuberculosis. Tuberculous bacteriemia was discovered in 16(43.

[Specific features of the pattern and clinical manifestations of respiratory tuberculosis in new cases under the present-day conditions].

The study of clinical and X-ray manifestations of the disease in 270 patients has shown that the incidence of disseminated tuberculosis with its acute onset and marked clinical manifestations has greatly increased. It is difficult to make a diagnosis of recently more frequent tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes in adults due to acute clinical manifestations resulting from nonspecific inflammation with frequent abscessing at the site of atelectasis in lobar and segmental bronchopulmonary lesions, due to late detection of meagre bacterial isolation, to frequent involvement sites in 3, 4, and 5 segments. Acute generalized disseminated tuberculosis generally follows obscure clinical manifestations from extrapulmonary inflammation in 2-4 months.

[Thanatogenesis of respiratory tuberculosis under the present conditions].

Autoptic findings of 120 patients with respiratory tuberculosis indicate that under the present-day conditions, the prevalent cause of death was a progressive tuberculous process as caseous pneumonia (89% of cases), which is much higher than our previous findings (42.9% in 1989 versus 66.% in 1994).

[Medical and economic standards in antituberculosis services].

To meet the requirements of insurance medicine to be introduced in this country, special medical and economical standards as regards tuberculosis have been developed for antituberculosis services. The standards summarize and systematize the minimum preventive and treatment measures to be provided for the population of the districts and regions. Criteria of the treatment quality have been formulated.

[The tuberculosis control work of a general medical network under the conditions of budgetary insurance medicine].

The first results are given of the elaboration of the specific features of antituberculous measures control in the general medical network under conditions of the budget-insurance medicine. The clinico-economic standards have been compiled, which are the obligatory programs of actions of medical prophylactic establishments as well as the required final results (quality standards). Systematization of the tasks of antituberculous work and methods of their solution for feldsher's station is presented as an example.

[Elaboration of economic methods of the management of tuberculosis control and their introduction into practice].

To increase the efficiency of antituberculosis measures, some efforts have been taken to improve on the basis of economic methods of management the structure of district tuberculosis control service financing and activities. The network of antituberculosis institutions is centralized into big tuberculous associations and ++inter-district dispensaries. ++Clinico-statistical groups, including the quality standards and the models of end results, i.

[Study of morphology and genome structure of Pseudomonas putida bacteriophages for their classification].

A group of 27 bacteriophages specific for Pseudomonas putida strains PpG1 and PpN has been isolated. The phages were characterized and compared with the previously described virulent (pf 16, af, tf and PMW) and temperate (PP56 and PP71) phages. The new phages belong to B1 and C1 morphotypes, according to Ackerman's classification.

[The effect of the IncP-2-group plasmid on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages].

The influence of plasmids of the IncP-2 group on development of bacteriophages of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. Six different types of phage growth inhibition conferred by natural plasmids of the IncP-2 group were found. All these plasmids were shown to have no effect on adsorption and injection of phage DNA into cells, only blocking intracellular phage development.