The Prediction of IVF Outcomes with Autologous Oocytes and the Optimal MII Oocyte/Embryo Number for Live Birth at Advanced Maternal Age.

Delayed childbearing in advanced age might be associated with a low prognosis for achieving pregnancy. Therefore, it is important to establish a predictive tool that will optimize the likelihood of a live birth at advanced age. The retrospective study was conducted at the Ferona Fertility Clinic in Novi Sad (Republic of Serbia), between January 2020 and May 2021.

T-2 toxin downregulates LHCGR expression, steroidogenesis, and cAMP level in human cumulus granulosa cells.

Our goals were to investigate whether environmentally relevant doses of T-2 toxin can affect human ovarian granulosa cells' function and to reveal the potential mechanism of T-2 toxin's action. Results showed that T-2 toxin strongly attenuated luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) mRNA expression in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated human cumulus granulosa cells. Addition of human chorionic gonadotropin was not able to elicit maximal response of ovulatory genes amphiregulin, epiregulin, and progesterone receptor.

Atrazine suppresses FSH-induced steroidogenesis and LH-dependent expression of ovulatory genes through PDE-cAMP signaling pathway in human cumulus granulosa cells.

Atrazine (ATR) alters female reproductive functions in different animal species. Here, we analyzed whether ATR disturbs steroidogenic and ovulatory processes in hormone-stimulated human cumulus granulosa cells and mechanism of its action. Results showed that treatment of human cumulus granulosa cells with 20 μM ATR for 48 h resulted in lower FSH-stimulated estradiol and progesterone production.

INFLUENCE OF BODY MASS INDEX ON IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OUTCOME IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the body mass index on the outcome of in vitro fertilization in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Material And Methods: The study sample consisted of 123 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who completed their in vitro fertilization treatment at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center Nis. Republic of Serbia, and they were retrospectively analyzed.

Flexible GnRH antagonist protocol vs. long GnRH agonist protocol in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome treated for IVF: comparison of clinical outcome and embryo quality.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, primarily affecting women of the reproductive age. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical efficacy and embryo quality in flexible gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in comparison to the long GnRH agonist protocol in PCOS women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Material And Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center Niš, Serbia, between 2013 and 2014.

In vitro fertilization outcome in women with endometriosis & previous ovarian surgery.

Background & Objectives: Women with endometriosis often need in vitro fertilization (IVF) to concieve. There are conflicting data on the results of IVF in patients with endometriosis. This study was undertaken to elucidate the influence of endometriosis on IVF outcome to give the best counselling for infertile patient with this problem.

[The role and contribution of transvaginal endoscopy to diagnostics and treatment of infertility].

Transvaginal endoscopy (TVE) presents minimal invasive endoscopic method that involves hysteroscopy, transvaginal laparoscopy and salpingoscopy. It gives a new approach to both basic evaluation of marital infertility and its treatment. The role of TVE is a subject of controversies regarding its justification as standard infertility treatment.

The role of hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal bleeding.

Background/aim: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common problem which brings woman to the gynecologist during the postmenopausal period. The aim of this study was to define the significance of hysteroscopy as a diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of patients with postmenopausal bleeding, as well as to define it as a surgical procedure by which the cause of bleeding can be treated in most cases in the same sitting.

Methods: The study involved 148 female patients referred to the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Nis for postmenopausal bleeding in the period of 12 months.

Results and experiences after 2000 performed hysteroscopies.

Introduction: Hysteroscopy is one of the oldest endoscopic procedures which uses the cervix for introducing a telescope to place a camera into the uterine cavity.

Objective: The aim of the study was to present our experiences with this procedure during the long-term work starting from the time when hysteroscopic method of treatment was first introduced at this Clinic until today.

Methods: This prospective study involved 2000 female patients referred to the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad from January 2005 till January 2011 for diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy.

Postpartum HELLP syndrome--the case of lost battle.

Unexpected rapid maternal death after delivery due to HELLP syndrome is rarely encountered and may become the subject of forensic expertise. Unexpectedness, suddenness, and fulminant course of this syndrome as well as absence of classical signs of pre-eclampsia can confuse physicians and lead to diagnostic delay. A definitive post-mortem diagnosis of HELLP syndrome in questionable cases of maternal death should be based on accepted laboratory criteria and characteristic histopathological alterations.

[Results of in vitro fertilization cycles at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Nis].

Introduction: Infertility affects 15-17% of reproductive age couples in our country. In vitro fertilization brought revolution in treatment of this problem, bringing hope to many couples around the world for more than 3 decades. The aim of this paper was to present results and experiences of implementation of this method of treatment at the Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Nis.

Fetal ultrasound scan--prerogatives for the basic level.

Adequate level of prenatal ultrasound scan is a prerequisite for a successful definition of high risk population that needs further investigations. "Basic", standardized fetal mid-trimester scan, with an informative report enables not only diagnosis of anomaly but also evaluation of state of pregnancy in general. This paper was aimed at reviewing the benefits of and requirements for a complete basic mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan and the necessary documentation.

Variations of serum copper values in pregnancy.

Introduction: Copper is essential micronutrient and has an important role in the human body. The serum copper increases during pregnancy and is doubled at full term. Lower levels of serum copper in pregnancy are connected with some pathological conditions.

[Results and experiences after 1000 IVF cycles at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad].

Introduction: Infertility affects 15-17% of reproductive age couples in our country, and 10-15% of couples worldwide. The aim of this paper was to present results and experience gained after the first 1000 cycles of the national In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) program, to offer professional standard of work in our country and to compare it with results obtained in Europe and worldwide.

Material And Methods: The study prospectively included 1000 women who had undergone national In Vitro Fertilization program from October 2006 until November 2009 at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad.

Thromboprophylaxis implementation during pregnancy in women with recurrent foetal losses and thrombophilia.

Recurrent foetal loss is a significant clinical problem, occurring in 1-5% of reproductive females. Inherited or acquired thrombophilia has been diagnosed in 50-65% of women with history of unexplained foetal loss. The low molecular weight heparin was applied in 24 women with inherited thrombophilia and previous recurrent foetal loss and in 6 women with primary antiphospholipid syndrome throughout their following pregnancies.

[Effect of hysteroscopic examination on the outcome of in vitro fertilization].

Background/aim: Implantation failure after embryo transfer is one of the main problems of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intrauterine pathologies can lead to unsuccessful outcome. The aim of this study was to determine if hysteroscopic examination of uterine cavity and consequent treatment of intrauterine lesions prior to IVF could improve the pregnancy rate in women under 38.

Methods: This study included 480 patients under 38, who had undergone IVF or IVF\ICSI--embryo transfer cycles, in which one or more good quality embryos were transferred.

[Fetal multicystic kidney disease--outcome and follow up].

Introduction: Congenital fetal anomalies are the great problem and one of the main causes of increased perinatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of prenataly detected multicystic dysplastic kidney and to point to the necessity of postnatal diagnostic procedures.

Material And Methods: The retrospective-prospective study encompasses 38 cases of the prenatally diagnosed unilateral fetal multicystic dysplastic kidney.

[Medical abortion--modern method for termination of pregnancy].

Introduction: Modern methods of medically induced abortions are being used in many countries all over the world. These methods are safe and effective when used in an appropriate way.

Drugs Used For Medical Abortion: The most widely used regimens for drug induced abortions include antiprogestogen mifepriston followed by administration of a synthetic prostaglandin analogue--gemeprost vaginally or misoprostol orally or vaginally.

[Single dose of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective cesarean sections].

Introduction: The aim of our study was to determine whether a single-dose preoperative administration of antibiotics was sufficient to prevent intra and postoperative infections in the parturients without a high risk of developing an infection, in whom the delivery was completed by cesarean section, as well as to answer whether the administered dose of antibiotics satisfied the requirements of therapeutic concentrations necessary to protect against infection in the period during the surgical procedure and during the first 6 postoperative hours.

Material And Methods: All investigated pregnant women were planned to have elective cesarean section as a mode of delivery. They were distributed in groups depending on the type (cephalexin, gentamycin and cephazolin) of antibiotic prophylaxis administered as a single dose.

Diagnostic value of endosonography scoring systems in the detection of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of sonographic scoring systems in the diagnosis of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: 357 women with different malignant and benign diseases of the ovary and uterus were divided into 4 groups according to histopathological findings: group A: ovarian carcinoma (n=71); group B: benign ovarian tumors (n=106); group C: endometrial carcinoma (n=60); and group D: benign endometrial diseases in menopause (hyperplasia, polyps, submucosal myoma; n=120). Women were examined using 7 MHz endovaginal probe and were evaluated using 2 different sonographic scoring systems, separately for ovarian and for endometrial carcinoma.

[Labour after intracytoplasmic sperm injection].

Introduction: The aim of our study was to describe labour characteristics after intracytoplasmic sperm injection programme. This is the first study of those deliveries at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad.

Patients And Methods: Subjects were 73 parturients and their babies from the intracytoplasmic sperm injection programme (48 singletons, 22 twins and 3 triplets), delivered from January 1st, 2001 to December 31st, 2006.

[Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina--department for the 21st century].

DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina, as a tertiary care center, is going through constant innovation and improvement which are results of constant development of medical sciences, as well as of the increasing demands and needs of patients. New methods are being introduced, conditions of stay and treatment are improved, medical staff are required to participate in continuing medical education. Through the mutual efforts and achievements of the medical staff of the Department of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina and Provincial Secretary of Health and Social Welfare, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina has become a department for the 21st century.

[Endometriosis and pain].

Introduction: The main symptoms of endometriosis are pain, adnexal tumor and infertility. Pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea are cardinal symptoms as well as pain upon defecation, suprapubic pain (dysuria), pain during coitus and during gynecologic examination. Pain can be caused by fibrotic reaction of the adjacent tissue, adhesions, prostaglandins produced both in endometrium inside the uterus and ectopic endometrium, and also by increased macrophages in the peritoneal fluid.

Clinical efficacy of goserelin (Zoladex) in the treatment of uterine myomas in infertile patients.

This study investigated the efficacy of Zoladex depot 3.6 mg (goserelin acetate) during a 4-month treatment of infertile patients with uterine myomas of different size and location. The investigation comprised 30 patients aged 22-42 years, distributed into 2 groups regarding uterine and myoma volume.

[Prolactin levels in pregnant women with glucose intolerance at full-term delivery].

A prospective study was carried out to establish the influence of deteriorated metabolism of glucose in mothers to the synthesis and secretion of prolactin during the pregnancy. The examination included a 101 pregnant women with delivery term between 259 and 287 day of gestation; 36 pregnant women manifested glucose intolerance or diabetes during the pregnancy and 12 of them also had marked signs of gestation. Control group consisted of 65 pregnant women.