Effect of various testing conditions on results for a handheld reference point indentation instrument in horses.

Objective: To compare results obtained with a handheld reference point indentation instrument for bone material strength index (BMSi) measurements in the equine third metacarpal bone for various testing conditions.

Sample: 24 third metacarpal bones.

Procedures: Third metacarpal bones from both forelimbs of 12 horses were obtained.

Applications of a New Handheld Reference Point Indentation Instrument Measuring Bone Material Strength.

A novel, hand-held Reference Point Indentation (RPI) instrument, measures how well the bone of living patients and large animals resists indentation. The results presented here are reported in terms of Bone Material Strength, which is a normalized measure of how well the bone resists indentation, and is inversely related to the indentation distance into the bone. We present examples of the instrument's use in: (1) laboratory experiments on bone, including experiments through a layer of soft tissue, (2) three human clinical trials, two ongoing in Barcelona and at the Mayo Clinic, and one completed in Portland, OR, and (3) two ongoing horse clinical trials, one at Purdue University and another at Alamo Pintado Stables in California.

In charge but not in control: the management of teaching relationships by adults with low perceived power.

The paradoxical use of punitive force by adults with low perceived power was explored in teaching interactions. Punitive force was measured by the intensity of physical effort used in operating controls that displayed negative feedback to child trainees. Women who differed in perceived power were assigned to (a) situations in which they had high, low, or ambiguous control and (b) responsive, unresponsive, or ambiguously responsive children.

Social cognitions as organizers of autonomic and affective responses to social challenge.

Autonomic and affective responses to children were assessed as a function of adult perceptions of interpersonal control. Women (N = 160) interacted with and provided feedback to computer-simulated children who "behaved" responsively or unresponsively on a computer game. Women were categorized as low in perceived control (PC) if they attributed high control to children but low control to self over negative events on the Parent Attribution Test.

Pressor, norepinephrine, and pituitary responses to two TRH doses in Alzheimer's disease and normal older men.

Changes in blood pressure (BP), plasma norepinephrine (NE), serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) associated with infusions of two thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) doses (0.1 mg, 0.5 mg) were examined in 10 men with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and nine normal matched controls.

TSH responses to two TRH doses in men with Alzheimer's disease.

TSH responses to two TRH doses (0.1 mg, 0.5 mg) were determined in 10 men with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in nine healthy matched controls.