Alternative routes to intravenous tranexamic acid for postpartum hemorrhage: A systematic search and narrative review.

Objective: To review available data on tranexamic acid (TXA) plasma concentration needed to inhibit fibrinolysis and the time to achieve this concentration when giving TXA by different routes in humans. To identify ongoing trials assessing alternatives to intravenous TXA administration.

Methods: We updated two previous systematic reviews by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, OviSP, and ISI Web of Science from database inception to July 2021.

Plasma Concentrations of Tranexamic Acid in Postpartum Women After Oral Administration.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid after oral administration to postpartum women.

Methods: We conducted a single-center pharmacokinetic study at Teaching Hospital-Jaffna, Sri Lanka, on 12 healthy postpartum women who delivered vaginally. After oral administration of 2 g of immediate-release tranexamic acid 1 hour after delivery, pharmacokinetic parameters were measured on plasma samples at 0, 0.

What information and the extent of information research participants need in informed consent forms: a multi-country survey.

Background: The use of lengthy, detailed, and complex informed consent forms (ICFs) is of paramount concern in biomedical research as it may not truly promote the rights and interests of research participants. The extent of information in ICFs has been the subject of debates for decades; however, no clear guidance is given. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the perspectives of research participants about the type and extent of information they need when they are invited to participate in biomedical research.

Euglycaemic ketoacidosis in a non-diabetic primigravida following an appendicectomy.

Pregnancy creates significant alterations in energy metabolism which itself is a physiological adaptation to provide continuous flow of energy metabolites to the foetus. The state of insulin resistance created by hormonal changes in pregnancy enables free flow of glucose to the foetus and allows its absorption through facilitated diffusion. As glucose is preferentially available for the foetus, maternal fasting glucose level would be less than that of a non-pregnant state and in contrast plasma ketones and free fatty acids levels are elevated, resulting in a state of accelerated starvation.