[The clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of the stomatological manifestations of Sjögren's disease].

Eighty-three patients with Sjogren's disease, 23 with chronic parotitis and periodontitis, 325 controls were examined by general clinical, dental, X-ray, microbiological, immunological, and morphological methods. A clinico-pathogenetic analysis of dental manifestations of Sjogren's disease was carried out: atrophy and inflammatory process in the buccal mucosa, multiple caries. A pathogenetically based program of therapeutic and prophylactic measures making use of encad, bensilol, bensilol+trimecain is suggested for patients with Sjogren's disease.

[Morphology of the minor salivary glands in Sjogren's disease].

Histochemical, immunohistochemical and histomorphometrical changes in sialadenitis have been studied on 33 biopsies of labial salivary glands (LSG) from patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. The control group consisted of 10 biopsies from persons without oral cavity inflammatory diseases. A direct relation was established between xerostomia stage and the degree of LSG parenchyma substitution for the inflammatory cell infiltrate.

[The pathogenesis of small-plaque parapsoriasis].

The paper deals with the origin of parapsoriasis nodularis, which in its micronodular variant belongs to chronic dermatosis and has a clear-cut clinical and histological appearance. The disease arises most frequently after stress and occurs for the most part in middle-aged males. The leading role in pathogenesis of parapsoriasis nodularis is played by cellular immunity as indicated by reduced count of T-lymphocytes, active T-lymphocytes as well as the emergence of delayed hypersensitivity.

[Morphology of changes in bronchial vessels in chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs and their role in the development of pulmonary hypertension].

Histologic and morphometric examination comprised surgical and autopsy material of 20 patients with bronchiectatic disease and 14 patients with chronic bronchitis, respectively. The control group consisted of 14 autopsy follow-ups of the lungs of subjects who had neither pulmonary diseases nor heart defects. Structural reorganization of the lungs in both diseases was characterized by enlargement of the middle and inner coats of arteries, hyperplasia of their inner elastic membrane and hypertrophy of the middle coat of veins.

[Age-related changes in the secretory function of the salivary glands].

A total of 326 healthy subjects aged 21 to 80 were examined. Total sialometry without stimulation and that stimulated with supermint chewing gum was carried out. Mixed salivary secretion in health was found to make up approximately 3.

[Local defense mechanisms in chronic nonspecific pulmonary inflammation].

The mechanisms of non-immune and immune injuries in chronic nonspecific lung inflammation are analysed on the basis of authors' research and literature. The data given concern the changes of the bronchial mucociliary transport system, incomplete functions of alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in chronic inflammatory foci, increase in the number of intra- and extracellular bacteria, metabolism of lung phagocytes in different chronic inflammatory lung diseases. The urgency of lung phagocyte and lymphocyte investigation both in specific cellular and humoral immune reactions, as well as in realization of immunopathologic mechanisms developing in chronic inflammation is emphasized.

[Dynamics of local defensive reactions in the lungs in acute experimental inflammatory process induced by respiratory syncytial virus].

Study has been made of broncho-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), the number and functional activity of lung phagocytes, with 42 mice BALB/c, induced by respiratory-syncytial virus. With virus inflammation a decreased number of lung macrophages, their stronger attraction and increased lung chemotaxis have been observed. The addition of bacterial infection was accompanied by an increase in lung neutrophil, lymphocyte and macrophage, a decrease in lung neutrophil chemotaxis, an increase in macrophage phagocytosis and BALT hyperplasia.

[Morphologic lung changes in a female patient with Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome].

Histologic and ultrastructural pulmonary changes in a female with a classical Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome are described. Congenital anomalies of the columnar epithelium brushes as well as defects acquired in the process of inflammation (decreased number and various length of bruches with their orientation disturbances, additional doublets and the lack of basal bodies) were revealed at transmission and scanning microscopy level. Follicular bronchiectasis, chronic pneumonia, dystelectasies, emphysema result from the mucociliary clearance disturbance and are of an acquired nature.

[Structural-functional characteristics of phagocytes in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid in acute focal pneumonia].

The alveolar macrophages and neutrophils of the bronchoalveolar fluid from 37 patients with acute focal pneumonia were studied cytochemically. A comparison group consisted of 20 patients with primary chronic bronchitis, 11 subjects without pulmonary affections served control. Phagocytes with a high motile, oxygen-dependent bactericidal and hydrolytic activity as well as with increased level of absorptive capacity prevailed during the peak of the disease and its regression.

[Dynamics of the cytologic and bacterioscopic changes in bronchoalveolar washings in acute focal pneumonia].

The authors analyze cytologic and bacterioscopic changes in bronchoalveolar washings in 37 patients with acute focal pneumonia on days 4 through 44 of the disease. Bronchoalveolar washings obtained from 11 subjects without pulmonary conditions were examined for control. Immunofluorescent examination of brush biopsy specimens of the bronchial epithelium from 4 patients, taken at the peak of pneumonia, has revealed respiratory viruses antigens.

[Functional activity of the neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar space in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis].

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neutrophils were studied by the cytologic methods in 58 patients with chronic bronchitis, 63 ones with bronchiectasis, and 8 normal controls. The study included cytospectrophotometry of myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase activity and estimation of active oxygen-producing cells in the NBT test. Neutrophilic functional activity was different in the patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis.

[Changes in the lesser circulation vessels in chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

Clinicomorphological study of the pulmonary circulation vessels was performed in 20 patients with bronchiectatic disease without right ventricle hypertrophy and in 14 patients with chronic bronchitis complicated with pulmonary heart. Pathology data of persons dying from diseases other than vitium cordis and lung diseases were used as control. Morphological signs of pulmonary hypertension are found in all cases of chronic nonspecific lung diseases.

[Morphology of the thymus gland in children with myasthenia gravis].

Thymus excised from 68 patients suffering from juvenile myasthenia was subjected to histological, histochemical and electron microscopy studies. The changes in the thymus involved hyperplastic immune response in the form of lymphoid follicles with the germinal centers and focal plasmocytic infiltration. In myasthenia, the permanent characteristic of the thymus was activation of epithelial cells and Hassal bodies.

[Clinical and morphologic parallels in children with rheumatoid mono- and oligoarthritis].

Altogether 88 children with rheumatoid arthritis were examined. Of these, 36 patients were with an injury to one articulation and 52 with an injury to one to three articulations. The clinical features of the articulation syndrome, the data obtained as a result of studying synovial fluid and of the morphological picture of synovial biopsy specimens made it possible to denote rheumatoid mono- and oligoarthritis in children as benign varieties of the disease with primarily local (in articulations) inflammatory process.

[Morphology and pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis].

Histologic and ultrastructural features of the chronic catarrhal bronchitis are presented and its pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed. An important role in the development of bronchitis of the mucociliary transport system damage, retention of the mucus and bacterial contamination of the respiratory tract is analysed. Current hypothesis of the chronic bronchitis development based on the disturbance of the protease-antiprotease and oxidative-antioxidative balance is presented.

[The cytological characteristics of bronchoalveolar washings in chronic bronchitis].

Bronchoalveolar washings (BAWs) from 30 patients with nonobstructive chronic bronchitis (CB) were examined cytologically. On the basis of the taxonomic analysis of the data on the cytological examination of the BAWs, all the observations were classified as belonging to degrees I, II and III of the cytological activity of the inflammatory process in the lungs. It was revealed that the minimal degree of the activity of the inflammatory process was characterized by a marked increase in the relative numbers of the cells of the desquamated cylindrical epithelium and destroyed cells along with a significant decrease in the proportion of macrophages and an increase in the relative count of neutrophils.

[Clinical, cytological and immunological characteristics of the effect of ENKAD on the mouth mucosa in Sjögren's syndrome].

A study of the clinical efficacy and the immunomodulating and antiinflammatory effect of ENCAD was conducted in 20 patients with Sjogren's disease (SD) of various degrees of activity of oral mucosa involvement and in a group of 23 healthy controls, with a saline solution as placebo. ENCAD was shown to lessen the expression of the clinical symptoms of xerostomia in both groups of a low and a moderate and high degrees of local activity of an inflammatory process. A tendency to the normalization of regeneration and desquamation in the oral mucosa epithelium was observed against a background of the reduction of an inflammatory reaction.