Stimulation of Activin A/Nodal signaling is insufficient to induce definitive endoderm formation of cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells.

Introduction: Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) derived from umbilical cord blood are an attractive alternative to human embryonic stem cells (hESC) for cellular therapy. USSC are capable of forming cells representative of all three germ line layers. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of USSC to form definitive endoderm following induction with Activin A, a protein known to specify definitive endoderm formation of hESC.

Differential recall of central and peripheral details of emotional slides is not a stable phenomenon.

A number of studies have reported that central information of an emotional scene is well retained, whereas peripheral details of such a scene are poorly recalled. Experiment 1 tested the hypothesis that attentional narrowing is responsible for this phenomenon. In addition, an attempt was made to increase the ecological validity of the experiment by giving extensive self-relevant instructions.

[111In-DTPA-D-Phe1] octreotide scintigraphy in thyroidal and orbital Graves' disease: a parameter for disease activity?

Visualization of malignant lymphomas and granulomatous disease is possible by [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide scintigraphy through binding of the radioligand to somatostatin receptors on activated leukocytes. Because thyroidal and orbital tissues are infiltrated by activated leukocytes in Graves' disease, a cross-sectional study to visualize disease activity with [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide scintigraphy was performed. A correlation between thyroidal [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide accumulation and free T4 (disease expression) and thyroid binding-inhibiting immunoglobulins (disease activity) is present in untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease.

Bone mineral density in healthy Dutch women: spine and hip measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Objective: To investigate in healthy normal Dutch women the age-associated changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and the effect on bone mass of the menopause and potential risk factors.

Methods: In 260 healthy Dutch women BMD was measured in the lumbar spine and three regions of the proximal femur (Ward's triangle, femoral neck and trochanter), using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The subjects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire on age, reproductive history and gynaecological status, height, weight and consumption of tobacco and alcohol.

Course of bone mass during and after hormonal replacement therapy with and without addition of nandrolone decanoate.

A total of 33 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis were matched pairwise by age, years since menopause, and body mass index and randomized to receive either cyclic estrogen-progestagen replacement treatment (group 1) or the same treatment plus nandrolone decanoate (ND; group 2). Both groups were treated during 3 years and subsequently followed for another year off treatment. A year after cessation of the treatment the distal forearm bone mineral content in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1.

Can nandrolone add to the effect of hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis?

Thirty-six women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (31 of them with at least one non-traumatic vertebral compression fracture) were matched pair-wise as to age, years since menopause and body mass index and randomized to receive either cyclical estrogen-progestagen replacement treatment (group 1) or the same treatment plus nandrolone decanoate (group 2). During the first year of treatment in both groups the forearm BMC (SPA) rose proximally and distally 2-3%. Over 2 years the increments of forearm BMC in both groups were up to 4.

Evaluation of radiotherapy in high-risk breast cancer patients: report from the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG 82) Trial.

The role of postmastectomy irradiation together with systemic treatment was evaluated in high-risk patients included in the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) protocol 82. As of June 1989, a total of 1473 pre- and menopausal patients were randomized to postmastectomy irradiation + CMF versus CMF alone (protocol 82-b). A total of 1202 postmenopausal patients were randomized to postmastectomy irradiation + Tamoxifen versus Tamoxifen alone (protocol 82-c).

The detection of virally induced tumors by 131I- and 125I-labeled syngeneic monoclonal antibodies.

The binding of the syngeneic monoclonal antibodies IC5F5 and 4D2B4 to Rauscher virus-induced myeloid leukemic (RMB-1) cells was analyzed in vivo in tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. To verify it these antibodies bind specifically to RMB-1 cells, purified antibodies were iodinated with the isotopes 125I and 131I. Mice previously inoculated with tumor cells were injected with these labeled monoclonal antibodies and the plasma clearance and the tissue distribution were determined.

Postmastectomy irradiation in high-risk breast cancer patients. Present status of the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group trials.

All pre- and postmenopausal high-risk breast cancer patients in the protocols DBCG 77 of the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group received postmastectomy irradiation before randomization to either adjuvant systemic therapy or no such treatment. The actuarial loco-regional recurrence rate at 9 years was 6-17%, with the lowest rate in patients who also received additional adjuvant chemotherapy or tamoxifen. In a subsequent study (DBCG 82) the role of postmastectomy irradiation together with systemic treatment was evaluated in high-risk patients.

Predictive value of 99mTc-DTPA renography studies under conditions of maximal diuresis for the functional outcome of reconstructive surgery in children with obstructive uropathy.

Renographic studies under standardised conditions of maximal diuresis provoked by infusion of hypotonic saline and frusemide were made on 51 patients with 54 dilated upper urinary tract systems in order to distinguish obstructed from non-obstructed systems. Of the 23 systems judged on clinical and radiological grounds to be obstructed only 12 were in fact obstructed following infusion of hypotonic saline and frusemide. In 10 of these systems (10 patients) an Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was carried out.

Rejection and survival of auxiliary partial liver grafts in non-tissue-typed pigs.

A technique for auxiliary heterotopic transplantation of 60% of the liver has been developed in the pig to study acute and chronic rejection. Transplantations were performed in 13 non-tissue-typed donor-recipient combinations without immunosuppressive medication. Three pigs died in the 1st postoperative week from technical problems.

Auxiliary transplantation of part of the liver improves survival and provides metabolic support in pigs with acute liver failure.

In pigs subtotal ischemic liver cell necrosis was induced 4 days after auxiliary transplantation of 60% of the liver of an MLC-compatible donor (ATPL group, n = 13). In control animals (n = 14) temporary liver ischemia was preceded by division of the hepatic ligaments and creation of an end-to-side portacaval shunt. In the ATPL group six animals died of gastric hemorrhage, intestinal strangulation, or sepsis.

Evaluation of obstructive uropathy in children. 99mTc-DTPA renography studies under conditions of maximal diuresis.

Renographic studies under standardised conditions of maximal diuresis provoked by hypotonic saline infusion and frusemide were used in 17 patients with dilatation of the upper urinary tract in order to distinguish between obstructed and non-obstructed urinary tracts. Of the six patients who were obstructed on clinical and X-ray evidence only three showed an obstructed pattern on the renographic curves after maximal diuresis. After operation these three patients showed improvement in both renographic curve and functional images of the renal parenchyma.

Long-term survival of auxiliary partial liver grafts in DLA-identical littermate beagles.

Auxiliary heterotopic transplantation of 60% of the liver in the beagle, using a technique in which all requirements for optimal graft survival are met, is described. The autologous liver is left in situ. Transplants were performed in non-tissue-typed and matched donor-recipient combinations.

Auxiliary transplantation of a partial liver graft in the dog and the pig.

Auxiliary, heterotopic transplantation of 60% of the liver was performed in 24 beagles and 24 pigs. Operative mortality was low and graft survival was greatly improved by DLA-matching in the dog. The graft supplied by arterial and portal blood gave excellent metabolic support after the host liver was rendered ischemic by six hours clamping of the hepatic artery.

Dose reduction in radiography of the spine in scoliosis.

Measurements of skin doses during radiography in scoliosis have been performed with a.p. and p.

Isolation efficiency and its clinical importance in patients with burns.

Nine severely burned patients were submitted to reverse isolation in a mass airflow system. Their burns became colonized by Enterobacteriaceae biotypes which were not found in the patients own flora on admission. They were, therefore, probably derived from the food which was obtained from the central kitchen.

ST-vector orientation and location of myocardial perfusion defects during exercise.

In 34 patients with chest pain the spatial orientation of the ST-vectors in the exercise electrocardiogramm 30 and 80 msec after the end of QRS were compared with the location of exercise induced local defects of myocardial uptake of 201Tl. The following results were obtained: 1. The sensitivity and specifity of myocardial perfusion imaging after exercise were the same as those of exercise electrocardiograms; 2.