[Clinical characteristics of post-stroke anxiety disorders].

Authors studied 198 patients with first-ever cerebral stroke. Affective disorders, including depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and phobias, were identified in 71.2% of patients.

[Neuropsychophysiological correlates of reactive depression].

With the aim of justifying of neurophysiological correlates of depressive disorders spectral parameters of EEG, and peak latencies of the "late" components of auditory cognitive evoked potentials, and latencies of sensorimotor reactions have been analysed in middle age and elderly patients (age 53-72) during the therapy of prolonged psychogenuously provoked depressive reaction (F43.21 by ICD-10). Background depression severity has been associated with the EEG signs of decreased functional state of anterior areas of the left hemisphere, and of increased activation of the right hemisphere (especially, of its temporal regions).

[Vascular depressions].

The notion of vascular depression (VD) includes depressive disorders resulting from organic cerebral lesions of vascular genesis. Two types of VD are distinguished: post-stroke VD (PSD) and VD proper (SDP). VD develops in case of clinically manifest (neurologic) lesions in cerebral vessels that simultaneously act as psychogenic (nosogenic) factors.

[Depressive disorders in patients with cerebral stroke].

Different types of depression in patients who survived cerebral stroke and their influence on the rehabilitation process were studied. One hundred and fifteen patients were examined. The clinical heterogeneity of post-stroke depression was shown.

[Pantogam in daily psychiatric practice].

Pantogam was used as a corrector of the side-effects of neuroleptic therapy. The adverse effects were assessed psychometrically with several scales. Attention was focused on the unwanted signs (pathological movements of different groups of muscles).

[The use of psychotropic agents in ambulatory treatment of the elderly with mental disorders].

By means of pharmacoepidemiologic method the analysis of therapy in nonselective ambulatory cohort of mentally ill 60-95 year old patients was performed during 5 months. Each patient had an epidemiological record, in which the main demographic, clinical data as well as all the drugs prescribed and the regimen of their administration were registered. All spectrum of psychotropic drugs was used for treatment of aged patients.

[The use of clopixole in therapy of aged mental patients].

On the base of clinical psychological and electrophysiological studies of 34 patients with primary manifestations of brain circulation insufficiency good tolerance and high efficiency of Tanakan course treatment (3 x 40 mg/day for 3 months) were showen. Tanakan decreased manifestations of clinical syndrome, improved psychological functions and electrophysiological parameters. Prospective study supported the stability of positive changes in the status of patients for 12 months after Tanakan course treatment.

[Use of cerebrolysin in the treatment of prolonged extrapyramidal complications of neuroleptic therapy].

Open study was performed concerning the efficiency of cerebrolysin in treatment of tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism. 30 patients of middle (18-41 years) and old (60-82 years) age were examined by means of Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Cerebrolysin was administered intravenously by drops every other day in a dose of 5-10 ml during 28 days.

[The characteristics of the cognitive defect in patients with different variants of late paranoia].

Evoked cortical activity in response to acoustic stimuli (oddball paradigm) was studied in patients with different paranoid disorders. The analysis covered the N150 negative wave and positive complex P300. In patients with paranoid schizophrenia and paranoid form of involutional psychosis cortical responses to the stimuli and cortex effects were not recorded.

[Computerized tomography approaches in the study of dementia].

Computed tomography was used to study the prevalence rates of various types of intracranial pathology, hydrocephalus (HDC) and cortical atrophy (CA) in patients with late dementia (LD) and to comparatively assess the informative value of tomographic methods of cerebral morphometry. Computed tomographic data were obtained from 432 patients with LD. Despite the type of dementia, the authors revealed intracranial abnormalities of various etiology in 24.

[Comparative study of age-related effectiveness of tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants].

A comparative age-associated study of the efficacy and side effects of amitriptyline and maprotyline was carried out in a group of 93 patients over 50. The health status of the patients was assessed with the aid of Hamilton's depression scale and the scale of side effects on days 0, 7 and 28 of the therapy. It has been discovered that on day 28 maprotyline caused a more complete reduction of depressive disorders as compared to amitriptyline.

[Unusual hallucinatory forms of paranoid disorders in late schizophrenia].

The authors studied 62 patients with late schizophrenia with the predominance of elementary misperceptions. The main variants of such psychoses with auditory, olfactory and tactile perceptive disturbances have been identified. The authors also ascertained common typological signs distinguishing these psychoses from the classical paranoids of late age.

[Neuropsychological approach to the complex study of senile dementia].

Thirty-eight patients with late mentally deteriorating processes were studied. Using a standardized neuropsychological method, the authors have outlined four major variants of neuropsychological syndromes characteristic of damage to definite zones of the brain. Comparison of these data with the results of clinical and computer-aided tomographic examination showed that the neuropsychological approach is an adequate method in the combined study of senile dementia.

[Problem of the systematics of schizophrenia in light of current clinico-catamnestic, epidemiologic and clinico-genealogic information].

On the basis of the results provided by clinical follow-up, clinico-epidemiological and clinico-genealogical studies, the authors have reviewed the systematics of the major forms of schizophrenia developed at the Institute of Psychiatry of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences and offer a statistical characteristics of these forms. The authors specifically discussed the questions associated with the characteristics of the syndrome formation and course of slowly progressive (torpid) schizophrenia and the place these forms occupy in the modern foreign classifications, including the DCM-III). The paroxysm-like form was established to run predominantly the course with a small rate of attacks or the "one-paroxysm" course.

[Progressiveness of schizophrenia. II. The progressiveness of continuously proceeding forms of schizophrenia].

The study involved a clinical examination of 568 patients with continious forms of schizophrenia and different degrees of progression (from mild sluggish to malignant forms). The following stages of the diseases are differentiated: an initial one, a stage of the highest process activity, a stage of stabilization, reduction of the psychosis and formation of the terminal state. A thorough analysis of the cases demonstrated that even in a continuous development of schizophrenia, the progression of the process is limited in time.

[Problem of progression in schizophrenia. I. Problem of progression of attack-like forms].

A total of 552 patients with attack-like schizophrenia, who attained old age were examined clinically. It was established that the development of negative changes in such patients occurs predominantly during the first half of life. Subsequently not all patients demonstrate a progressive development of the disease and even if it does occur it is seen in the form of more frequent or longer attacks and a complication of psychopathological disorders.