Anti-asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase antibody-positive pneumonitis in a patient with immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: A case report and literature review.

In recent years, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIS) has increased and there have been case reports of anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-ARS) antibody syndrome during ICI treatment. However, these cases are limited, and their clinical characteristics are not fully understood. We report the first case of anti-ARS antibody syndrome with asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase antibody during ICI therapy.

Drastic magnetic-field-induced chiral current order and emergent current-bond-field interplay in kagome metals.

In kagome metals, the chiral current order parameter [Formula: see text] with time-reversal-symmetry-breaking is the source of various exotic electronic states, while the method of controlling the current order and its interplay with the star-of-David bond order [Formula: see text] are still unsolved. Here, we reveal that tiny uniform orbital magnetization [Formula: see text] is induced by the chiral current order, and its magnitude is prominently enlarged under the presence of the bond order. Importantly, we derive the magnetic-field ([Formula: see text])-induced Ginzburg-Landau (GL) free energy expression [Formula: see text], which enables us to elucidate the field-induced current-bond phase transitions in kagome metals.

Charge-loop current order and Z nematicity mediated by bond order fluctuations in kagome metals.

Recent experiments on geometrically frustrated kagome metal AVSb (A = K, Rb, Cs) have revealed the emergence of the charge loop current (cLC) order near the bond order (BO) phase. However, the origin of the cLC and its interplay with other phases have been uncovered. Here, we propose a novel mechanism of the cLC state, by focusing on the BO phase common in kagome metals.

Correlation-driven electronic nematicity in the Dirac semimetal BaNiS.

In BaNiS, a Dirac nodal line band structure exists within a two-dimensional Ni square lattice system, in which significant electronic correlation effects are anticipated. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we discover signs of correlated-electron behavior, namely electronic nematicity appearing as a pair of -symmetry striped patterns in the local density-of-states at ∼60 meV above the Fermi energy. In observations of quasiparticle interference, as well as identifying scattering between Dirac cones, we find that the striped patterns in real space stem from a lifting of degeneracy among electron pockets at the Brillouin zone boundary.

Mechanism of exotic density-wave and beyond-Migdal unconventional superconductivity in kagome metal AVSb (A = K, Rb, Cs).

Exotic quantum phase transitions in metals, such as the electronic nematic state, have been discovered one after another and found to be universal now. The emergence of unconventional density-wave (DW) order in frustrated kagome metal AVSb and its interplay with exotic superconductivity attract increasing attention. We find that the DW in kagome metal is the bond order, because the sizable intersite attraction is caused by the quantum interference among paramagnons.

SU(4) Valley+Spin Fluctuation Interference Mechanism for Nematic Order in Magic-Angle Twisted Bilayer Graphene: The Impact of Vertex Corrections.

In the magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG), one of the most remarkable observations is the C_{3}-symmetry-breaking nematic state. We identify that the nematicity in MATBG is the E-symmetry ferro bond order, which is the modulation of correlated hopping integrals owing to the E-symmetry particle-hole pairing condensation. The nematicity in MATBG originates from prominent quantum interference among SU(4) valley+spin composite fluctuations.

Discovery of mesoscopic nematicity wave in iron-based superconductors.

Nematicity is ubiquitous in the electronic phases of iron-based superconductors. The order parameter that characterizes the nematic phase has been investigated in momentum space, but its real-space arrangement remains largely unexplored. We use linear dichroism (LD) in a low-temperature laser–photoemission electron microscope to map out the nematic order parameter of nonmagentic FeSe and antiferromagnetic BaFe(AsP).

Pressure-induced reconstitution of Fermi surfaces and spin fluctuations in S-substituted FeSe.

FeSe is a unique high-[Formula: see text] iron-based superconductor in which nematicity, superconductivity, and magnetism are entangled with each other in the P-T phase diagram. We performed [Formula: see text]Se-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements under pressures of up to 3.9 GPa on 12% S-substituted FeSe, in which the complex overlap between the nematicity and magnetism are resolved.

Abrupt change of the superconducting gap structure at the nematic critical point in FeSeS.

The emergence of the nematic electronic state that breaks rotational symmetry is one of the most fascinating properties of the iron-based superconductors, and has relevance to cuprates as well. FeSe has a unique ground state in which superconductivity coexists with a nematic order without long-range magnetic ordering, providing a significant opportunity to investigate the role of nematicity in the superconducting pairing interaction. Here, to reveal how the superconducting gap evolves with nematicity, we measure the thermal conductivity and specific heat of FeSe S , in which the nematicity is suppressed by isoelectronic sulfur substitution and a nematic critical point (NCP) appears at [Formula: see text] We find that, in the whole nematic regime ([Formula: see text]), the field dependence of two quantities consistently shows two-gap behavior; one gap is small but highly anisotropic with deep minima or line nodes, and the other is larger and more isotropic.

High-T_{c} Superconductivity in FeSe at High Pressure: Dominant Hole Carriers and Enhanced Spin Fluctuations.

The importance of electron-hole interband interactions is widely acknowledged for iron-pnictide superconductors with high transition temperatures (T_{c}). However, the absence of hole pockets near the Fermi level of the iron-selenide (FeSe) derived high-T_{c} superconductors raises a fundamental question of whether iron pnictides and chalcogenides have different pairing mechanisms. Here, we study the properties of electronic structure in the high-T_{c} phase induced by pressure in bulk FeSe from magnetotransport measurements and first-principles calculations.

Sign-Reversing Orbital Polarization in the Nematic Phase of FeSe due to the C_{2} Symmetry Breaking in the Self-Energy.

To understand the nematicity in Fe-based superconductors, nontrivial k dependence of the orbital polarization [ΔE_{xz}(k), ΔE_{yz}(k)] in the nematic phase, such as the sign reversal of the orbital splitting between Γ and X, Y points in FeSe, provides significant information. To solve this problem, we study the spontaneous symmetry breaking with respect to the orbital polarization and spin susceptibility self-consistently. In FeSe, due to the sign-reversing orbital order, the hole and electron pockets are elongated along the k_{y} and k_{x} axes, respectively, consistently with experiments.

Spin-Fluctuation-Driven Nematic Charge-Density Wave in Cuprate Superconductors: Impact of Aslamazov-Larkin Vertex Corrections.

We present a microscopic derivation of the nematic charge-density wave (CDW) formation in cuprate superconductors based on the three-orbital d-p Hubbard model by introducing the vertex correction (VC) into the charge susceptibility. The CDW instability at q=(Δ(FS),0), (0,Δ(FS)) appears when the spin fluctuations are strong, due to the strong charge-spin interference represented by the VC. Here, Δ(FS) is the wave number between the neighboring hot spots.

Anisotropy of the superconducting gap in the iron-based superconductor BaFe2(As(1-x)P(x))2.

We report peculiar momentum-dependent anisotropy in the superconducting gap observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in BaFe2(As(1-x)P(x))2 (x = 0.30, Tc = 30 K). Strongly anisotropic gap has been found only in the electron Fermi surface while the gap on the entire hole Fermi surfaces are nearly isotropic.

Linear response theory for shear modulus C66 and Raman quadrupole susceptibility: evidence for nematic orbital fluctuations in Fe-based superconductors.

The emergence of the nematic order and fluctuations has been discussed as a central issue in Fe-based superconductors. To clarify the origin of the nematicity, we focus on the shear modulus C(66) and the Raman quadrupole susceptibility χ(x)(2)-y(2))(Raman). Because of the Aslamazov-Larkin vertex correction, the nematic-type orbital fluctuations are induced, and they enhance both 1/C(66) and χ(x(2)-y(2))(Raman) strongly.

High-Tc superconductivity near the anion height instability in Fe-based superconductors: analysis of LaFeAsO(1-x)H(x).

The isostructural transition in the tetragonal phase with a sizable change in the anion height, is realized in heavily H-doped LaFeAsO and (La,P) codoped CaFe2As2. In these compounds, the superconductivity with higher Tc (40-50 K) is realized near the isostructural transition. To find the origin of the anion-height instability and the role in realizing the higher-Tc state, we develop the orbital-spin fluctuation theory by including the vertex correction.

Detection of antiferromagnetic ordering in heavily doped LaFeAsO(1-x)H(x) pnictide superconductors using nuclear-magnetic-resonance techniques.

We studied double superconducting (SC) domes in LaFeAsO(1-x)H(x) by using 75As and 1H nuclear-magnetic-resonance techniques and unexpectedly discovered that a new antiferromagnetic (AF) phase follows the double SC domes on further H doping, forming a symmetric alignment of AF and SC phases in the electronic phase diagram. We demonstrated that the new AF ordering originates from the nesting between electron pockets, unlike the nesting between electron and hole pockets, as seen in the majority of undoped pnictides. The new AF ordering is derived from the features common to high-Tc pnictides; however, it has not been reported so far for other high-Tc pnictides because of their poor electron doping capability.

Orbital nematic instability in the two-orbital Hubbard model: renormalization-group + constrained RPA analysis.

Motivated by the nematic electronic fluid phase in Sr(3)Ru(2)O(7), we develop a combined scheme of the renormalization-group method and the random-phase-approximation-type method, and analyze orbital susceptibilities of the (d(xz), d(yz))-orbital Hubbard model with high accuracy. It is confirmed that the present model exhibits a ferro-orbital instability near the magnetic or superconducting quantum criticality, due to the Aslamazov-Larkin-type vertex corrections. This mechanism of orbital nematic order presents a natural explanation for the nematic order in Sr(3)Ru(2)O(7), and is expected to be realized in various multiorbital systems, such as Fe-based superconductors.

Self-consistent vertex correction analysis for iron-based superconductors: mechanism of Coulomb interaction-driven orbital fluctuations.

We study the mechanism of orbital or spin fluctuations due to multiorbital Coulomb interaction in iron-based superconductors, going beyond the random-phase approximation. For this purpose, we develop a self-consistent vertex correction (VC) method, and find that multiple orbital fluctuations in addition to spin fluctuations are mutually emphasized by the "multimode interference effect" described by the VC. Then, both antiferro-orbital and ferro-orbital (=nematic) fluctuations simultaneously develop for J/U~0.

Orbital-fluctuation-mediated superconductivity in iron pnictides: analysis of the five-orbital Hubbard-Holstein model.

In iron pnictides, we find that the moderate electron-phonon interaction due to the Fe-ion oscillation can induce the critical d-orbital fluctuations, without being prohibited by the Coulomb interaction. These fluctuations give rise to the strong pairing interaction for the s-wave superconducting (SC) state without sign reversal (s(++)-wave state), which is consistent with experimentally observed robustness of superconductivity against impurities. When the magnetic fluctuations due to Coulomb interaction are also strong, the SC state shows a smooth crossover from the s-wave state with sign reversal (s(+/-)-wave state) to the s(++)-wave state as impurity concentration increases.

Tuning the dimensionality of the heavy fermion compound CeIn3.

Condensed-matter systems that are both low-dimensional and strongly interacting often exhibit unusual electronic properties. Strongly correlated electrons with greatly enhanced effective mass are present in heavy fermion compounds, whose electronic structure is essentially three-dimensional. We realized experimentally a two-dimensional heavy fermion system, adjusting the dimensionality in a controllable fashion.

Violation of Anderson's theorem for the sign-reversing s-wave state of iron-pnictide superconductors.

Based on the five-orbital model, we study the effect of local impurity in iron pnictides, and find that the interband impurity scattering is promoted by the d-orbital degree of freedom. This fact means that the fully gapped sign-reversing s-wave state, which is predicted by spin fluctuation theories, is very fragile against impurities. In the BCS theory, only 1% impurities with intermediate strength induce huge pair breaking, resulting in the large in-gap state and prominent reduction in Tc, contrary to the prediction based on simple orbital-less models.

Effect of nicotine on the pelvic afferent nerve activity and bladder pressure in rats.

Objectives: To record afferent nerve activity and bladder pressure in anesthetized male rats and to investigate whether increased afferent nerve activity induced by nicotine is able to evoke reflex bladder contractions.

Methods: Using continuous infusion cystometrography, bladder pressure was measured via a bladder cannula. Afferent activity was recorded in the uncut L6 dorsal root.

Demonstration of antiallodynic effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor meloxicam on established diabetic neuropathic pain in mice.

Only a few experimental studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of some cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors for neuropathic pain in diabetic animals. In this study we investigated the usefulness of one such COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, for treatment of established diabetic neuropathic pain in mice. Intraperitoneal and perineural injection, but not intrathecal injection, of meloxicam elevated the lowered threshold in the von Frey test.

Intrinsic spin Hall Effect in the s-wave superconducting state: analysis of the Rashba model.

A general expression for spin Hall conductivity (SHC) in the s-wave superconducting state at finite temperatures is derived. Based on the expression, we study SHC in a two-dimensional electron gas model in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction (SOI). SHC is zero in the normal state, whereas it takes a large negative value as soon as the superconductivity occurs, due to the change in the quasiparticle contributions.

Giant orbital Hall effect in transition metals: origin of large spin and anomalous Hall effects.

In transition metals and their compounds, the orbital degrees of freedom gives rise to an orbital current, in addition to the ordinary spin and charge currents. We reveal that considerably large spin and anomalous Hall effects observed in transition metals originate from an orbital Hall effect (OHE). To elucidate the origin of these novel Hall effects, a simple periodic s-d hybridization model is proposed as a generic model.