A Molybdenum Trioxide Hybrid Decorated by 3-(1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)adamantane-1-carboxylic Acid: A Promising Reaction-Induced Self-Separating (RISS) Catalyst.

3-(1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)adamantane-1-carboxylic acid (tradcH), a heterobifunctional organic ligand in which carboxylic acid and 1,2,4-triazole groups are united through a rigid 1,3-adamantanediyl spacer, was employed for the synthesis of a Mo oxide organic hybrid. The ligand crystallized from water as tradcH·HO (), possessing a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, and from ethanol as a cyclic molecular solvate with the composition (tradcH)·2EtOH (). Treatment of tradcH with MoO under hydrothermal conditions afforded a new Mo trioxide hybrid, [MoO(tradcH)]·HO (), which was structurally characterized.

Tuning Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Affinity of Zinc(II) MOFs by Mixing Bis(pyrazolate) Ligands with N-Containing Tags.

The four zinc(II) mixed-ligand metal-organic frameworks (MIXMOFs) Zn(BPZ)(BPZNO), Zn(BPZ)(BPZNH), Zn(BPZNO)(BPZNH), and Zn(BPZ)(BPZNO)(BPZNH) (HBPZ = 4,4'-bipyrazole; HBPZNO = 3-nitro-4,4'-bipyrazole; HBPZNH = 3-amino-4,4'-bipyrazole) were prepared through solvothermal routes and fully investigated in the solid state. Isoreticular to the end members Zn(BPZ) and Zn(BPZX) (X = NO, NH), they are the first examples ever reported of (pyr)azolate MIXMOFs. Their crystal structure is characterized by a three-dimensional open framework with one-dimensional square or rhombic channels decorated by the functional groups.

Nitro-functionalized Bis(pyrazolate) Metal-Organic Frameworks as Carbon Dioxide Capture Materials under Ambient Conditions.

The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) M(BPZNO ) (M=Co, Cu, Zn; H BPZNO =3-nitro-4,4'-bipyrazole) were prepared through solvothermal routes and were fully investigated in the solid state. They showed good thermal stability both under a N atmosphere and in air, with decomposition temperatures peaking up to 663 K for Zn(BPZNO ). Their crystal structure is characterized by 3D networks with square (M=Co, Zn) or rhombic (M=Cu) channels decorated by polar NO groups.

Exploration of a Variety of Copper Molybdate Coordination Hybrids Based on a Flexible Bis(1,2,4-triazole) Ligand: A Look through the Composition-Space Diagram.

We investigated the coordination ability of the bis(1,2,4-triazolyl) module, trpr = 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propane, toward the engineering of solid-state structures of copper polyoxomolybdates utilizing a composition space diagram approach. Different binding modes of the ligand including [N-N]-bridging and N-terminal coordination and the existence of favorable conformation forms (anti/anti, gauche/anti, and gauche/gauche) resulted in varieties of mixed metal Cu/Mo and Cu/Mo coordination polymers prepared under hydrothermal conditions. The composition space analysis employed was aimed at both the development of new coordination solids and their crystallization fields through systematic changes of the reagent ratios [copper(II) and molybdenum(VI) oxide precursors and the trpr ligand].

Triazolyl, Imidazolyl, and Carboxylic Acid Moieties in the Design of Molybdenum Trioxide Hybrids: Photophysical and Catalytic Behavior.

Three organic ligands bearing 1,2,4-triazolyl donor moieties, (S)-4-(1-phenylpropyl)-1,2,4-triazole (trethbz), 4-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (trPhCOH), and 3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propionic acid (trhis), were prepared to evaluate their coordination behavior in the development of molybdenum(VI) oxide organic hybrids. Four compounds, [MoO(trethbz)]·HO (1), [MoO(trPhCOH)]·0.5HO (2a), [MoO(trPhCOH)]·HO (2b), and [MoO(trhis)(trhisH)]·2HO (3), were synthesized and characterized.

Metal Azolate/Carboxylate Frameworks as Catalysts in Oxidative and C-C Coupling Reactions.

The five metal azolate/carboxylate (MAC) compounds [Cd(dmpzc)(DMF)(H2O)] (Cd-dmpzc), [Pd(H2dmpzc)2Cl2] (Pd-dmpzc), [Cu(Hdmpzc)2] (Cu-dmpzc), [Zn4O(dmpzc)3]·Solv (Zn-dmpzc·S), and [Co4O(dmpzc)3]·Solv (Co-dmpzc·S) were isolated by coupling 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid (H2dmpzc) to cadmium(II), palladium(II), copper(II), zinc(II), and cobalt(II) salts. While Cd-dmpzc and Pd-dmpzc had never been prepared in the past, for Cu-dmpzc, Zn-dmpzc·S, and Co-dmpzc·S we optimized alternative synthetic paths that, in the case of the copper(II) and cobalt(II) derivatives, are faster and grant higher yields than the previously reported ones. The crystal structure details were determined ab initio (Cd-dmpzc and Pd-dmpzc) or refined (Cu-dmpzc, Zn-dmpzc·S, and Co-dmpzc·S) by means of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).

Composition Space Analysis in the Development of Copper Molybdate Hybrids Decorated by a Bifunctional Pyrazolyl/1,2,4-Triazole Ligand.

A bitopic ligand, 4-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-4-yl)-1,2,4-triazole (Hpz-tr) (1), containing two different heterocyclic moieties was employed for the design of copper(II)-molybdate solids under hydrothermal conditions. In the multicomponent Cu(II)/Hpz-tr/Mo(VI) system, a diverse set of coordination hybrids, [Cu(Hpz-tr)2SO4]·3H2O (2), [Cu(Hpz-tr)Mo3O10] (3), [Cu4(OH)4(Hpz-tr)4Mo8O26]·6H2O (4), [Cu(Hpz-tr)2Mo4O13] (5), and [Mo2O6(Hpz-tr)]·H2O (6), was prepared and characterized. A systematic investigation of these systems in the form of a ternary crystallization diagram approach was utilized to show the influence of the molar ratios of starting reagents, the metal (Cu(II) and Mo(VI)) sources, the temperature, etc.

Unusual centrosymmetric structure of [M(18-crown-6)](+) (M = Rb, Cs and NH4) complexes stabilized in an environment of hexachloridoantimonate(V) anions.

In (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane)rubidium hexachloridoantimonate(V), [Rb(C12H24O6)][SbCl6], (1), and its isomorphous caesium {(1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane)caesium hexachloridoantimonate(V), [Cs(C12H24O6)][SbCl6]}, (2), and ammonium {ammonium hexachloridoantimonate(V)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (1/1), (NH4)[SbCl6]·C12H24O6}, (3), analogues, the hexachloridoantimonate(V) anions and 18-crown-6 molecules reside across -3 axes passing through the Sb atoms and the centroids of the 18-crown-6 groups, both of which coincide with centres of inversion. The Rb(+) [in (1)], Cs(+) [in (2)] and NH4(+) [in (3)] cations are situated inside the cavity of the 18-crown-6 ring; they are situated on -3 axes and are equally disordered about centres of inversion, deviating from the centroid of the 18-crown-6 molecule by 0.4808 (13), 0.

Synthesis and Structural Elucidation of Triazolylmolybdenum(VI) Oxide Hybrids and Their Behavior as Oxidation Catalysts.

A large family of bifunctional 1,2,4-triazole molecular tectons (tr) has been explored for engineering molybdenum(VI) oxide hybrid solids. Specifically, tr ligands bearing auxiliary basic or acidic groups were of the type amine, pyrazole, 1H-tetrazole, and 1,2,4-triazole. The organically templated molybdenum(VI) oxide solids with the general compositions [MoO3(tr)], [Mo2O6(tr)], and [Mo2O6(tr)(H2O)2] were prepared under mild hydrothermal conditions or by refluxing in water.

Crystal structure of cis-bis-(μ-β-alanine-κ(2) O:O')bis[tri-chlorido-rhenium(III)](Re-Re) sesquihydrate.

The structure of the title compound, [Re2Cl6(C3H7NO2)2]·1.5H2O, comprises a dinuclear complex cation [Re-Re = 2.2494 (3) Å] involving cis-oriented double carboxyl-ate bridges, four equatorial chloride ions and two weakly bonded chloride ligands in the axial positions at the two rhenium(III) atoms.

Crystal structure of bromido-fac-tricarbon-yl[5-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κ(2) N,N']rhenium(I).

In the title compound, [ReBr(C13H10N4)(CO)3], the Re(I) atom has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment. Two N atoms of the 5-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole ligand and two of the three carbonyl groups occupy the equatorial plane of the complex, with the third carbonyl ligand and the bromide ligand in the axial positions. The three carbonyl ligands are arranged in a fac configuration around the Re(I) atom.

Triazolyl-based copper-molybdate hybrids: from composition space diagram to magnetism and catalytic performance.

The multicomponent mixed-metal Cu(II)/Mo(VI) oxides/1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)adamantane (tr2ad) system was thoroughly studied employing a compositional diagram approach. The concept allowed us to prepare three layered copper-molybdate hybrid solids [Cu(II)2(tr2ad)4](Mo8O26) (1), [Cu4(II)(μ4-O)(tr2ad)2(MoO4)3]·7.5H2O (2), and [Cu(I)2(tr2ad)2](Mo2O7)·H2O (3), and to elucidate the relationship between initial reagent concentration/stoichiometry and the stability of the resultant structural motifs.

1,3,5,7-Tetrakis(tetrazol-5-yl)-adamantane: the smallest tetrahedral tetrazole-functionalized ligand and its complexes formed by reaction with anhydrous M(II)Cl2 (M = Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd).

1,3,5,7-Tetrakis(tetrazol-5-yl)-adamantane (H4L) was probed as a building block for the synthesis of tetrazolato/halido coordination polymers with open-network structures. MCl2 (M = Cu, Cd, Zn, Mn) was reacted with H4L in DMF at 70 °C to yield [Cu4Cl4L(DMF)5]·DMF, ; [Cd4Cl4L(DMF)7]·DMF, ; [Zn3Cl2L(DMF)4]·2DMF, and [Mn2L(DMF)2(MeOH)4]·DMF·2MeOH·2H2O, . and (Fddd) are nearly isostructural and have zeolitic structures with a {4(3)·6(2)·8}, gis or gismondine underlying net, where the role of the tetrahedral nodes is served by the coordination bonded clusters and the adamantane moiety.

Mixed-ligand hydroxocopper(II)/pyridazine clusters embedded into 3D framework lattices.

Rational combination of pyridazine, hydroxo and carboxylate bridging ligands led to the assembly of three types of mixed-ligand polynuclear Cu(II) clusters (A: [Cu2(μ-OH)(μ-pdz)(μ-COO)]; B: [Cu4(μ3-OH)2(μ-pdz)2]; C: [Cu5(μ-OH)2(μ-pdz)4(μ-COO)2(μ-H2O)2]) and their integration into 3D framework structures. Mixed-ligand complexes [Cu2(μ-OH){TMA}(L)(H2O)] (1), [Cu4(μ3-OH)2{ATC}2(L)2(H2O)2]·H2O (2) [Cu4(μ3-OH)2{TDC}3(L)2(H2O)2]·7H2O (3) (L = 1,3-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)adamantane; TMA(3-) = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate, ATC(3-) = adamantane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate, TDC(2-) = 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate) and [Cu5(μ-OH)2{X}4(L)2(H2O)2]·nH2O (X = benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate, BDC(2-), n = 5 (4) and 5-hydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate, HO-BDC(2-), n = 6 (5)) are prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Trigonal bridges TMA(3-) and ATC(3-) generate planar Cu(II)/carboxylate subtopologies further pillared into 3D frameworks (1: binodal 3,5-coordinated, doubly interpenetrated tcj-3,5-Ccc2; 2: binodal 3,8-coordinated tfz-d) by bitopic pyridazine ligands.

1,2,4-Triazolyl-carboxylate-based MOFs incorporating triangular Cu(II)-hydroxo clusters: topological metamorphosis and magnetism.

Bifunctional 1,2,4-triazole-carboxylate ligands, an achiral 1,2,4-triazol-4-yl-acetic acid (trgly-H) and a chiral (d)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-propionic acid (d-trala-H), derived from the corresponding α-amino acid precursors revealed unique binding abilities in the construction of Cu(II)-coordination polymers composing discrete triangular [Cu3(μ3-OH)] clusters. A related series of MOFs, [Cu3(μ3-OH)(trgly)3(SO4)]·2H2O (1a), [Cu3(μ3-OH)(trgly)3(H2O)3]SO4·16H2O (1b), Cu3(μ3-OH)(d-trala)3(ClO4)0.5](ClO4)1.

Cobalt(II) chloride complexes with 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyrazole featuring first- and second-sphere coordination of the ligand.

In catena-poly[[dichloridocobalt(II)]-μ-(1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyrazole-κ(2)N(2):N(2'))], [CoCl2(C8H10N4)]n, (1), two independent bipyrazole ligands (Me2bpz) are situated across centres of inversion and in tetraaquabis(1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyrazole-κN(2))cobalt(II) dichloride-1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyrazole-water (1/2/2), [Co(C8H10N4)2(H2O)4]Cl2·2C8H10N4·2H2O, (2), the Co(2+) cation lies on an inversion centre and two noncoordinated Me2bpz molecules are also situated across centres of inversion. The compounds are the first complexes involving N,N'-disubstituted 4,4'-bipyrazole tectons. They reveal a relatively poor coordination ability of the ligand, resulting in a Co-pyrazole coordination ratio of only 1:2.

Anion···π interactions in copper(I) chloride and bromide coordination polymers bearing 1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene ligands.

In poly[[μ4-1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene-1:2:3:4κ(4)N(1):N(2):N(1'):N(2')]di-μ2-chlorido-dicopper(I)], [Cu2Cl2(C14H10N4)]n, (I), and its isomorphous bromide analogue, [Cu2Br2(C14H10N4)]n, (II), the organic ligand is situated across a centre of inversion. The Cu(I) cations adopt a distorted tetrahedral [CuN2X2] [X = Cl in (I) or Br in (II)] environment [Cu-N = 2.0183 (14)-2.

Multiple anion...π interactions in tris(1,10-phenanthroline-κ(2)N,N')iron(II) bis[1,1,3,3-tetracyano-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)propenide] monohydrate.

In the ionic structure of the title compound, [Fe(C12H8N2)3](C9H5N4O2)2·H2O, the octahedral tris-chelate [Fe(phen)3](2+) dications [Fe-N = 1.9647 (14)-1.9769 (14) Å; phen is 1,10-phenathroline] afford one-dimensional chains by a series of slipped π-π stacking interactions [centroid-to-centroid distances = 3.

Synthesis, X-ray structure, interactions with DNA, remarkable in vivo tumor growth suppression and nephroprotective activity of cis-tetrachloro-dipivalato dirhenium(III).

In this study we report the synthesis, the X-ray crystal structure and the in vivo tumor growth suppression and nephroprotective activity of bis-dimethylsulfoxide-cis-tetrachlorodi-μ-pivalatodirhenium(III), cis-Re2[(CH3)3CCOO]2Cl4·2(CH3)2SO (I). The interactions of I with DNA were also investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, electronic absorption titrations, ΔTm and viscosity measurements, which indicate that compound I interacts relatively strongly with the DNA (Kb 2.2×10(3)M(-1)), most likely by forming covalent interstrand cross-links, and by kinking and unwinding supercoiled DNA; moreover, DNA cleavage by I is enhanced in the presence of redox-active species.

Self-assembly cavitand precisely recognizing hexafluorosilicate: a concerted action of two coordination and twelve CH···F bonds.

Bis-pyridazine tectons support the structure of metallosupramolecular cavitand Cu2L4(4+), which is capable of selective encapsulation of SiF6(2-) anions by a set of multiple host-guest interactions.

Unprecedented trapping of difluorooctamolybdate anions within an α-polonium type coordination network.

New fluorinated hybrid solids [Mo2F2O5(tr2pr)] (1), [Co3(tr2pr)2(MoO4)2F2]·7H2O (2), and [Co3(H2O)2(tr2pr)3(Mo8O26F2)]·3H2O (3) (tr2pr = 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propane) were prepared from the reaction systems consisting of Co(OAc)2/CoF2 and MoO3/(NH4)6Mo7O24, as Co(II) and Mo(VI) sources, in water (2) or in aqueous HF (1, 3) employing mild hydrothermal conditions. The tr2pr ligand serves as a conformationally flexible tetradentate donor. In complex 1, the octahedrally coordinated Mo atoms are linked in the discrete corner-sharing {Mo2(μ2-O)F2O4N4} unit in which a pair of tr-heterocycles (tr = 1,2,4-triazole) is arranged in cis-positions opposite to "molybdenyl" oxygen atoms.

Cobalt(II) and cadmium(II) square grids supported with 4,4'-bipyrazole and accommodating 3-carboxyadamantane-1-carboxylate.

In poly[[bis(μ-4,4'-bi-1H-pyrazole-κ(2)N(2):N(2'))bis(3-carboxyadamantane-1-carboxylato-κO(1))cobalt(II)] dihydrate], {[Co(C12H15O4)2(C6H6N4)2]·2H2O}n, (I), the Co(2+) cation lies on an inversion centre and the 4,4'-bipyrazole (4,4'-bpz) ligands are also situated across centres of inversion. In its non-isomorphous cadmium analogue, {[Cd(C12H15O4)2(C6H6N4)2]·2H2O}n, (II), the Cd(2+) cation lies on a twofold axis. In both compounds, the metal cations adopt an octahedral coordination, with four pyrazole N atoms in the equatorial plane [Co-N = 2.

Cadmium(II) iodide and thiocyanate complexes adopted by polycyclic 1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene: interplay of coordination and π-π stacking interactions.

New complexes containing the 1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene ligand, namely diaquatetrakis[1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene-κN(2)]cadmium(II) hexaiodidodicadmate(II), [Cd(C14H10N4)4(H2O)2][Cd2I6], (I), and poly[[μ-1,4-bis(pyridazin-4-yl)benzene-κ(2)N(2):N(2')]bis(μ-thiocyanato-κ(2)N:S)cadmium(II)], [Cd(NCS)2(C14H10N4)]n, (II), demonstrate the adaptability of the coordination geometries towards the demands of slipped π-π stacking interactions between the extended organic ligands. In (I), the discrete cationic [Cd-N = 2.408 (3) and 2.

1,1'-Biadamantane-3,3'-diol: a two-dimensional network supported by a `hexameric alcohol cluster' supramolecular synthon.

In the title compound, C(20)H(30)O(2), one of the two crystallographically independent molecules lies across a centre of inversion and the other resides in a general position (Z' = 1.5). The supramolecular structure exists as an unusual two-dimensional network incorporating centrosymmetric hexameric hydrogen-bonded alcohol (OH)(6) clusters [O···O = 2.

Functionalized adamantane tectons used in the design of mixed-ligand copper(II) 1,2,4-triazolyl/carboxylate metal-organic frameworks.

Bistriazoles, 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propane (tr(2)pr) and 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)adamantane (tr(2)ad), were examined in combination with the rigid tetratopic 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid (H(4)-adtc) platform for the construction of neutral heteroleptic copper(II) metal-organic frameworks. Two coordination polymers, [{Cu(4)(OH)(2)(H(2)O)(2)}{Cu(4)(OH)(2)}(tr(2)pr)(2)(H-adtc)(4)]·2H(2)O (1) and [Cu(4)(OH)(2)(tr(2)ad)(2)(H-adtc)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·3H(2)O (2), were synthesized and structurally characterized. In complexes 1 and 2, the N(1),N(2)-1,2,4-triazolyl (tr) and μ(3)-OH(-) groups serve as complementary bridges between adjacent metal centers supporting the tetranuclear dihydroxo clusters.