Deconvolution-based peak profile analysis methods for characterization of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy.

In this study, we compare several peak profile analysis methods for the investigation of the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) after the plastic deformation. We show that Williamson - Hall (WH) approach poorly correlates with measured peak broadening and some corrections must be introduced to improve the analysis. The correction for elastic modulus for different crystallographic directions or application of Williamson Hall (WH) and Warren - Averbach (WA) methods significantly improve the correlation between the model and experimental data.

Environmental cell for in situ X-ray synchrotron micro-CT imaging with simultaneous acoustic measurements.

Synchrotron radiation provides the necessary spatial and temporal resolution for non-invasive operando studies of dynamic processes under complex environmental conditions. Here a new environmental cell for simultaneous in situ dynamic X-ray imaging and measuring acoustic properties of geological samples is presented. The primary purpose of this cell is to study gas-hydrate formation in porous geo-materials and its influence on their acoustic properties.

Multiple Irradiation Affects Cellular and Extracellular Components of the Mouse Brain Tissue and Adhesion and Proliferation of Glioblastoma Cells in Experimental System In Vivo.

Intensive adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients; however, its effect on the normal brain tissue remains unclear. Here, we investigated the short-term effects of multiple irradiation on the cellular and extracellular glycosylated components of normal brain tissue and their functional significance. Triple irradiation (7 Gy*3 days) of C57Bl/6 mouse brain inhibited the viability, proliferation and biosynthetic activity of normal glial cells, resulting in a fast brain-zone-dependent deregulation of the expression of proteoglycans (PGs) (decorin, biglycan, versican, brevican and CD44).

Effect of laser-induced ultrasound treatment on material structure in laser surface treatment for selective laser melting applications.

A new mechanism for controlling the microstructure of products in manufacturing processes based on selective laser melting is proposed. The mechanism relies on generation of high-intensity ultrasonic waves in the melt pool by complex intensity-modulated laser irradiation. The experimental study and numerical modeling suggest that this control mechanism is technically feasible and can be effectively integrated into the design of modern selective laser melting machines.

Single X-ray irradiation modulates proteoglycan expression in brain tissue: investigation using mouse model.

Radiotherapy is an integral part of glioblastoma treatment affecting both cancer cells and tumour microenvironment, where proteoglycans (PGs) are key extracellular components. However, the molecular effects of radiotherapy on PGs expression and functional activity in brain tissue are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to study the short-term effects of X-ray irradiation on PGs expression in normal brain tissue in mouse model in vivo.

(Fe,Ni)P allabogdanite can be an ambient pressure phase in iron meteorites.

An orthorhombic modification of (Fe,Ni)P, allabogdanite, found in iron meteorites was considered to be thermodynamically stable at pressures above 8 GPa and temperatures of 1673 K according to the results of recent static high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. A hexagonal polymorphic modification of (Fe,Ni)P, barringerite, was considered to be stable at ambient conditions. Experimental investigation through the solid-state synthesis supported by ab initio calculations was carried out to clarify the stability fields of (Fe,Ni)P polymorphs.

Paleoanthropology. Early human presence in the Arctic: Evidence from 45,000-year-old mammoth remains.

Archaeological evidence for human dispersal through northern Eurasia before 40,000 years ago is rare. In west Siberia, the northernmost find of that age is located at 57°N. Elsewhere, the earliest presence of humans in the Arctic is commonly thought to be circa 35,000 to 30,000 years before the present.