Protein-coding circular RNAs - mechanism, detection, and their role in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of non-coding RNAs and were originally thought to have no protein-coding potential due to their lack of a 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail. However, recent studies have challenged this notion and revealed that some circRNAs have protein-coding potential. They have emerged as a key area of interest in cancer and neurodegeneration research as recent studies have identified several circRNAs that can produce functional proteins with important roles in cancer progression.

A unique circular RNA expression pattern in the peripheral blood of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome patients.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease with obscure aetiology. The underdiagnosis rate of ME/CFS is high due to the lack of diagnostic criteria based on objective markers. In recent years, circRNAs have emerged as potential genetic biomarkers for neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, making them likely to have the same prospect of being biomarkers in ME/CFS.

Investigation of circular RNA transcriptome in obesity-related endometrial cancer.

The present study has investigated the circular RNA (circRNA) transcriptome of twenty obese and postmenopausal women, recruited in Australia, with endometrial cancer (EC). This paper expands on previous findings which evaluated the circRNA transcriptome of a similar cohort of six women recruited in the United States of America. EC is the most common gynaecological malignancy and the fifth most common cancer in women worldwide with obesity as one of its major risk factors.

Investigation of Transcriptome Patterns in Endometrial Cancers from Obese and Lean Women.

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy in developed countries. One of the largest risk factors for endometrial cancer is obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the transcriptome of endometrial cancers from obese vs.

Analysis of the Circular Transcriptome in the Synaptosomes of Aged Mice.

Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been revealed to be an important non-coding element of the transcriptome. The brain contains the most abundant and widespread expression of circRNA. There are also indications that the circular transcriptome undergoes dynamic changes as a result of brain ageing.

Analysis of the circular RNA transcriptome in endometrial cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a naturally occurring family of non-coding RNA that may regulate gene expression in mammals. circRNAs are more stable than messenger RNAs due to their resistance to RNA exonuclease. A growing body of evidence has shown that the expression of circRNAs is regulated during development in a tissue-specific manner.

Transcriptome landscape of long intergenic non-coding RNAs in endometrial cancer.

Unlabelled: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the developed world. It is the fifth most common cancer and accounts for 4.8% of all cancers in women.

RNA sequencing reveals pronounced changes in the noncoding transcriptome of aging synaptosomes.

Normal aging is associated with impairments in cognitive functions. These alterations are caused by diminutive changes in the biology of synapses, and ineffective neurotransmission, rather than loss of neurons. Hitherto, only a few studies, exploring molecular mechanisms of healthy brain aging in higher vertebrates, utilized synaptosomal fractions to survey local changes in aging-related transcriptome dynamics.

The emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in endometrial cancer.

The human genome is pervasively transcribed and approximately 98% of the genome is non-coding. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of RNA transcripts that are >200 nucleotides in length with minimal to no protein-coding potential. Similar to proteins, lncRNAs have important biological functions in both normal cells and disease states including many types of cancer.

Characterization of circular RNAs landscape in multiple system atrophy brain.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recently identified as a naturally occurring family of widespread and diverse endogenous non-coding RNAs that may regulate gene expression in mammals. They are unusually stable RNA molecules with cell type- or developmental stage-specific expression patterns. However, the role of circRNAs in pathology of complex disease is entirely unknown.