Clinical decision making for abdominal stab wounds in high resourced but low volume centres require structured guidelines to be effective.

Aim: The management of abdominal stab wounds (SW) has continued to evolve. The use of CT and laparoscopy has been advocated to reduce the rate of laparotomy. This study reviews our experience with SW in a high income, low volume setting.

Contemporary management of blunt colonic injuries - Experience from a level one trauma centre in New Zealand.

Introduction: Blunt colonic injury (BCI) is relatively rare, and literature on the topic is sparse. This study reviews our contemporary experience in its management at a level-one trauma centre in New Zealand.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study (January 2012 to December 2020) that included all patients who sustained a BCI managed at Waikato Hospital, New Zealand.

Ten year analysis of missed injuries at a major trauma centre in South Africa.

Introduction: This analysis retrospectively reviews a tertiary trauma service's experience with missed injuries over a decade.

Methods: The Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service (PMTS) has accumulated electronic data on all admissions since 2012. This data informs the monthly morbidity and mortality conference, where adverse events are discussed.

Managing the acutely threatened airway following head and neck trauma - Requiem for cricothyroidotomy?

Introduction: Trauma to the head and neck results in acute facial trauma and swelling, which may occlude the airway and result in fatal hypoxia. The management is the establishment of a definitive airway. This paper reviews our experience with this clinical scenario.

Surgical registrars' exposure to trauma laparotomy: A retrospective study from a level 1 trauma centre in New Zealand.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to review the experience of surgical registrars in performing trauma laparotomies at a level 1 trauma centre in New Zealand, and to benchmark this exposure against the current literature on the topic.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted retrospectively at a level 1 trauma centre, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand. All patients (>15 years) who underwent a laparotomy for trauma between 2012 and 2020 were included.

Intimate Partner Violence and Level of Household Food Scarcity in Mozambique.

Although food insecurity in its various forms is consistently associated with the presence of intimate partner violence (IPV), it is still unknown if various levels of severity of hunger predict IPV when important extraneous mental health, interpersonal, and social support indicators are considered. The study applied a posttest-only comparison group quasi-experimental design. The samples were randomly drawn from married women ( = 202) in Mozambique.

Integrating Super-Resolution with Deep Learning for Enhanced Periodontal Bone Loss Segmentation in Panoramic Radiographs.

Periodontal disease is a widespread global health concern that necessitates an accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods based on panoramic radiographs are often limited by subjective evaluation and low-resolution imaging, leading to suboptimal precision. This study presents an approach that integrates Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks (SRGANs) with deep learning-based segmentation models to enhance the segmentation of periodontal bone loss (PBL) areas on panoramic radiographs.

Ocular Surface Disease and Dry Eye Severity in Glaucoma Patients at Urban Private Eye Care Centres in Malaysia.

Background: Ocular surface disease (OSD) severity varies among glaucoma patients and is exacerbated by intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications.

Purpose: To determine OSD prevalence and dry eye severity among glaucoma patients at nine private clinics in Malaysia.

Methods: This multicentre, cross-sectional observational study recruited glaucoma patients undergoing routine eye examinations, with IOP ≤21mmHg receiving anti-glaucoma eye drops.

Pathologic prostate cancer grade concordance among high-resolution micro-ultrasound, systematic transrectal ultrasound and MRI fusion biopsy.

Background And Objective: Comparative studies among biopsy strategies have not been conducted evaluating pathologic concordance at radical prostatectomy(RP), especially with novel micro-ultrasound (micro-US) image-guided biopsy.

Methods: A retrospective study among patients with PCa who underwent RP following TRUS, MRI-TRUS fusion, microUS, or MRI-microUS fusion biopsy in a multi-site single institution. We compared GG-upgrade from biopsy to RP based on highest GG in any biopsy core and examined clinical/pathologic factors associated with pathologic upgrading using descriptive statistics, and multivariable logistic-regression analysis.

Implementation of a Urologic Surgery Skills Fair for Medical Students.

Objectives: To increase the proportion of applicants to urology residencies, we created a surgical skills fair to introduced urology early in undergraduate medical education.

Design: Funded by the Department of Urology, the fair was designed to have student rotations through 12 hands-on practice stations supervised by faculty and an advanced care practitioner or resident physicians. At conclusion, medical students completed a voluntary survey about their experience.

Bullying victimisation and perpetration of foster and kinship youth in the USA.

Background: Childhood bullying can result in serious injury. Our objective was to compare bullying victimisation and perpetration of school-aged youth from 2018 to 2022 in different households: foster care, kinship care and birth families. A second objective examined correlations between bullying and adverse childhood experiences, child gender, age and race while stratifying by household type.

Evaluating Treatment Patterns and the Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Plasmacytoid Urothelial Carcinoma: Insights from a Combined National and Institutional Series.

Background: Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare histologic subtype of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (BC). Our objective was to characterize treatment patterns and outcomes of PUC in the NCDB and our recent institutional experience.

Methods: The NCDB was queried for localized PUC cases between 2004 and 2020.

Autism Severity, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Oral Health: A Comparative Study of Adolescents in the United States.

Dental health significantly influences overall child physical well-being, academic success, and psychosocial development. This paper explores the intersection of a range of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) functionality, multiple types of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and dental health in adolescents. The purpose is to investigate the independent and interactive effects of ASD severity and ACEs on dental outcomes.

Interpersonal Violence-Related Trauma Among South African Children.

Introduction: Injuries account for a major portion of disability-adjusted life years in children globally, and low-and middle-income countries are disproportionally affected. While injuries due to motor vehicle collisions and self-harm have been well-characterized in pediatric populations in South Africa, injuries related to interpersonal violence (IPV) are less understood. Our study aims to characterize patterns of injury, management, and outcomes for pediatric patients presenting with IPV-related injuries in a South African trauma center.

A decade long overview of damage control laparotomy for abdominal gunshot wounds.

Purpose: Over the last three decades, damage control laparotomy (DCL) has become important in the management of abdominal gunshot wounds (GSW). This paper reviews the experience of a single institution over a decade with the use of DCL for GSW of the abdomen.

Methods: Longitudinal data (2013-2022) was collected from the Hybrid Electronic Medical Registry database to identify all patients with an abdominal GSW over the study period.

Effect of Cross-Link Homogeneity on the High-Strain Behavior of Elastic Polymer Networks.

Cross-link heterogeneity and topological defects have been shown to affect the moduli of polymer networks in the low-strain regime. Probing their role in the high-strain regime, however, has been difficult because of premature network fracture. Here, we address this problem by using a double-network approach to investigate the high-strain behavior of both randomly and regularly cross-linked networks with the same backbone chemistry.

Correction to "Effect of Polymer Composition and Morphology on Mechanochemical Activation in Nanostructured Triblock Copolymers".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.

Point of care ultrasound and sub-xiphoid window reduce uncertainty in the management of potential dual-cavity injuries in patients with torso stab wounds.

Introduction: This paper reviews our experiences with the management of patients with torso stab wounds and potential injuries in both the chest and abdomen over the last decade. The aim of the project is to clarify our approach and provide an evidence base for clinical algorithms. We hypothesize that there is room for our clinical algorithms to be further refined in order to address the diverse, life threatening injuries that can result from stab wounds to the torso.

AAST grade of liver injury is not the single most important consideration in decision making for liver trauma.

Background: The liver is one of the most injured organs in both blunt and penetrating trauma. The aim of this study was to identify whether the AAST liver injury grade is predictive of need for intervention, risk of complications and mortality in our patient population, and whether this differs between blunt and penetrating-trauma mechanisms.

Methods: Retrospective review of all liver injuries from a single high-volume metropolitan trauma centre in South Africa from December 2012 to January 2022.

Post-traumatic stress disorder in international surgeons undertaking trauma electives in a South African trauma centre.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well-documented psychiatric outcome in patients who experience physical trauma. The phenomenon is less studied in the staff involved in caring for such patients. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of PTSD in visiting international surgeons undergoing elective trauma training and to compare to local and international rates.

Prospective evaluation of patient-reported anxiety and experiences with adaptive radiation therapy on an MR-linac.

Purpose: An integrated magnetic resonance scanner and linear accelerator (MR-linac) was implemented with daily online adaptive radiation therapy (ART). This study evaluated patient-reported experiences with their overall hospital care as well as treatment in the MR-linac environment.

Methods: Patients pre-screened for MR eligibility and claustrophobia were referred to simulation on a 1.

Framework Development: Standardizing Definition of Advanced Practice Radiation Therapy Activities for Clinical Workload Quantification.

Purpose: Advanced practice (AP) in radiation therapy (RT) is being implemented around the globe. In an effort to advance the understanding of the similarities and differences in APRT roles in Ontario, Canada, a community of practice (CoP) sought ways to provide quantitative data on the nature of APRT clinical activities and the frequency with which these activities were being executed.

Methods: In 2017, a consensus building project involving 20 APRTs and 14 radiation therapy (RT) department managers in Ontario was completed to establish a mechanism to quantify APRTs' clinical impact.

Broad Responses and Attitudes to Having Music in Surgery (The BRAHMS Study): An Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand Perspective.

Background: Surgery is a stressful exercise, and the experience of occupational stress may have impacts on surgical performance, and surgeon well-being. Music is played in operating theatres (OTs) throughout the world, and while it may improve surgical performance, and reduce clinician stress within the OT, concerns exist over its distracting and noise-creating properties.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, between May to August 2022, Vascular, General and Paediatric surgeons and registrars in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ) responded to a survey investigating the way they use music, and their perceptions and attitudes towards its effect on the OT environment.

Management of thoracoabdominal gunshot wounds - Experience from a major trauma centre in South Africa.

Introduction: The management of thoracoabdominal (TA) gunshot wounds (GSW) remains challenging. This study reviewed our experience with treating such injuries over a decade.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a major trauma centre in South Africa over a ten-year period from December 2012 to January 2022.