Ring-Opening Polymerization of Surface Ligands Enables Versatile Optical Patterning and Form Factor Flexibility in Quantum Dot Assemblies.

The evolution of display technologies is rapidly transitioning from traditional screens to advanced augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) and wearable devices, where quantum dots (QDs) serve as crucial pure-color emitters. While solution processing efficiently forms QD solids, challenges emerge in subsequent stages, such as layer deposition, etching, and solvent immersion. These issues become especially pronounced when developing diverse form factors, necessitating innovative patterning methods that are both reversible and sustainable.

Understanding the Impact of Salt Stress on Plant Pathogens Through Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analysis.

For plant diseases to become established, plant pathogens require not only virulence factors and susceptible hosts, but also optimal environmental conditions. The accumulation of high soil salinity can have serious impacts on agro-biological ecosystems. However, the interactions between plant pathogens and salinity have not been fully characterized.

Prediction of mortality risk in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia in the intensive care unit using machine learning.

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning-based mortality risk prediction model for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in the intensive care unit (ICU). We collected data from two centers as the development and external validation cohorts. Variables were screened using the Recursive Feature Elimination method.

Broad-based targeted lipidomic analysis of dental fluorosis population in an adult population.

Dental fluorosis, as a common chronic fluoride toxicity oral disease, is mainly caused by long-term excessive intake of fluoride, which seriously affects the aesthetics and function of patients' teeth. In recent years, with the rapid development of metabolomics technology, lipidomics, as an important means to study the changes in lipid metabolism in organisms, has shown great potential in revealing the mechanisms of disease development. As a major component of cell membranes and a signaling molecule, metabolic disorders of lipids are closely related to a variety of diseases, but the specific mechanism of action in dental fluorosis is still unclear.

2D Chiral Ag(I) Complexes with A-π-- and D-π--Type Dicarboxylic Acid Ligands: Presenting Significant Differences in Nonlinear Optical Responses.

Three two-dimensional (2D) chiral Ag(I) complexes with formulas [Ag(L)(5-nipa)] (), [Ag(L)(5-nipa)] (), and {[Ag(L)(5-hipa)]·2HO} () were prepared through the reactions of AgO with enantiopure -monodentate N-donors (L/L) and different dicarboxylic acids bearing A (acceptor)-π-- and D (donor)-π--type structural features, where / = (-)/(+)-2-(4'-pyridyl)-4,5-pinene-pyridine, 5-Hnipa = 5-nitroisophthalic acid, and 5-Hhipa = 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid. A study of their nonlinear optical responses reveals that chiral and enantiomeric pairs with the A-π--type dicarboxylic acid ligand simultaneously display second- and third-harmonic generation (SHG and THG) responses, while chiral containing the D-π--type dicarboxylic acid ligand only exhibits a very strong THG response. The THG intensity of is 451 × α-SiO, being about 27 and 24 times larger than those of and , respectively.

Sustainable upgrading of biomass: a thermodynamic approach to fine-tuning product selectivity for glycerol oxidation.

Calculated thermodynamic properties for the electrochemical glycerol oxidation at different temperatures and potentials indicate that external applied bias has a more significant influence on reaction selectivity than temperature.

Quantifying the contributions of factors to bioaccessible Cd and Pb in soil using machine learning.

The bioaccessibility of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the gastrointestinal tract is crucial for health risk assessments of contaminated soils. However, variability in In vitro analytical conditions and soil properties introduces bias and uncertainty in predictions. This study employed three in vitro methods to measure Cd and Pb bioaccessibility during the gastric and gastrointestinal phases, using soil samples incubated for one year.

Study of Process, Microstructure, and Properties of Double-Wire Narrow-Gap Gas Metal Arc Welding Low-Alloy Steel.

Narrow-gap arc welding is an efficient method that significantly enhances industrial production efficiency and reduces costs. This study investigates the application of low-alloy steel wire EG70-G in narrow-gap gas metal arc welding (GMAW) on thick plates. Experimental observations were made to examine the arc behavior, droplet transition behavior, and weld formation characteristics of double-wire welding under various process parameters.

Improving the screening ability of neuron-specific enolase on small cell lung cancer.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is one of the most common biomarkers of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and is widely used in lung cancer screening. But its specificity is affected by many factors. Using residual correction and machine learning, corrected NSE and its reference range were constructed based on metabolic factors and smoking history affecting NSE in the training set of 48,009 healthy individuals recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.

Phase-Separated Spiropyran Coacervates as Dual-Wavelength-Switchable Reactive Oxygen Generators.

Low-molecular-weight compounds of certain structural features may form coacervates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). These coacervates can enter mammalian cells and affect cellular physiology. Controlling the properties of the coacervates inside cells, however, is a challenge.

High-performance solid-state electrochemical thermal switches with earth-abundant cerium oxide.

Thermal switches, which electrically turn heat flow on and off, have attracted attention as thermal management devices. Electrochemical reduction/oxidation switches the thermal conductivity (κ) of active metal oxide films. The performance of the previously proposed electrochemical thermal switches is low; the on/off κ-ratio is mostly less than 5, and the κ-switching width is less than 5 watts per meter kelvin.

Identification of a broad-inhibition influenza neuraminidase antibody from pre-existing memory B cells.

Identifying broadly reactive B precursor cells and conserved epitopes is crucial for developing a universal flu vaccine. In this study, using influenza neuraminidase (NA) mutant probes, we find that human pre-existing NA-specific memory B cells (MBCs) account for ∼0.25% of total MBCs, which are heterogeneous and dominated by class-unswitched MBCs.

Development and validation of a nomogram for failure to collect oocytes in POSEIDON Groups 3 and 4 undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.

This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for failure to collect oocytes in the Patient-Oriented Strategies Encompassing Individualized Oocyte Number (POSEIDON) Groups 3 and 4 during their first in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycle. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients in POSEIDON Groups 3 and 4 who underwent their first IVF/ICSI cycle at our center from January 2016 to December 2023. A total of 2,373 patients were randomly assigned to the training or validation cohort at a ratio of 6:4.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic-immune interactions in choroid neovascularization.

Choroid neovascularization (CNV) is a distinct type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with a poor prognosis and responsible for the majority of vision loss in the elderly population. The laser-induced CNV model is a well-established animal model frequently used to study CNV. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data from CNV samples, utilizing multiple approaches including single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), correlation analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), alongside various bioinformatics platforms, to identify key metabolic and immune signatures and to investigate their interplay during angiogenesis.

Conceptual Validation of High-Precision Fish Feeding Behavior Recognition Using Semantic Segmentation and Real-Time Temporal Variance Analysis for Aquaculture.

Aquaculture plays an important role in the global economy. However, unscientific feeding methods often lead to problems such as feed waste and water pollution. This study aims to address this issue by accurately recognizing fish feeding behaviors to provide automatic bait casting machines with scientific feeding strategies, thereby reducing farming costs.

Magnolol as an Antibacterial Agent Against Drug-resistant Bacteria Targeting Filamentous Temperature-sensitive Mutant Z.

The emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria poses critical health threats worldwide. It is urgently needed to develop potent and safe antibacterial agents with novel bactericidal mechanisms to treat these infections. In this study, magnolol was identified as a potential bacterial cell division inhibitor by a cell-based screening approach.

Predicting the risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with tuberculosis using machine learning algorithms.

Background: This study aimed to develop predictive models with robust generalization capabilities for assessing the risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with tuberculosis using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: Data were collected from two centers and categorized into development and validation cohorts. Using the development cohort, candidate variables were selected via the Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) method.

Status of macromolecular crystallography beamlines at SSRF.

Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is a third-generation 3.5 GeV synchrotron facility located on the Chinese mainland, operational for user applications since 2009. With the completion of its Phase II project this year, SSRF now supports over 40 experimental stations across various research fields.

A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Multicenter Validation Study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to establish and validate predictive models for AKI in hospitalized patients with CAP based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods: We trained and externally validated 5 machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and deep forest (DF).

Neurochemical and Morphological Comparisons of Motor Nerve Organoids and Spinal-Cord Explants.

Organoids are multicellular structures formed from populations of individual cells allowing modeling of structural and functional aspects of organs and tissues in normal and diseased states. They offer unique opportunities to model and treat disease. Using a mouse embryonic stem cell line, we have cultured organoids that express markers of spinal cord motor neurons as well as motor neurons found within the peripheral nervous system.

Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS.

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it is not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. The optimal frequency for organic matter removal was investigated for domestically produced .