[Experience with osteosynthesis of the sternum after heart surgery in patients with limited physical abilities].

At the Department of Heart Surgery of the A. V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery in seven patients with limited physical abilities and having to ambulate on crutches for osteosynthesis of the sternum after cardiosurgical interventions we used Ti-Ni fixating cramps with self-regulating compression.

[Sternal osteosynthesis after cardiac surgery].

Sternal fixation with nickelide titanium staples with shape memory effect is considered to be a novel method of wound closure after cardiac operations. The study includes data of 140 patients and is devoted to the preliminary assessment of the use of the mentioned fixators with self-regulating compression. Osteosynthesis proved to be completely effective in 136 (97,1%) patients.

[Relationship between the results of the treatment of patients with cerebral artery atherosclerosis and technology of carotid endarterectomy].

Presented herein is an analysis of surgical treatment of 232 patients with atherosclerotic stenoses and occlusions of the carotid arteries, including 144 persons with bilateral lesions. The patients underwent carotid endarterectomy according to the traditional and eversion techniques. Analysis of the short- and long-term results has demonstrated that they do not depend on the technique of endarterectomy.

[Videothoracoscopic collagen pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusion].

Aim: To devise the technique and evaluate the efficacy of videothoracoscopic collagen pleurodesis (VCP) in malignant pleural exudates (MPE).

Material And Methods: VCP was performed in 24 patients with recurrent MPE. 20 patients were diagnosed to have non-small-cell cancer of the lung, 4 patients--breast cancer.

[Organizational and legal problems of medical care of traffic safety].

Medical aspects of driving safety are discussed. Legal problems in first care of victims of accidents and evaluation of fitness to driving are analyzed. The paper is addressed to specialists in public health management.

[Diagnostic tactics in localized fibroadenomatosis of the breast].

Results of the examination and treatment of 203 patients with localized fibroadenomatosis of the mammary gland are described. The authors give an estimation of diagnostic algorithms used when detecting the physical signs of the disease. It was shown that the examination of patients with the palpation signs of nodular mastopathy should necessarily include mammography which can eliminate unwarranted risk of hypodiagnosing carcinoma of the mammary gland and determine the group of patients in whom the emergency operation is not necessary.

[An assessment of the efficacy of intravenous monotherapy with the preparation solcoseryl in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of the vessels of the lower extremities].

The authors share their experiences with using Solcoseryl in treatment of 158 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity vessels. This treatment was found to be very effective. A scheme of the treatment is proposed after which the improved quality of life retains during not less than 6 months in 93% of the patients.

[Acetylsalicylic acid effects on pain sensitivity to myocardial ischemia and skin sensitivity in patients with angina pectoris].

Aim: To clarify if pain-relieving action of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is associated with lowered sensitivity of anginal patients to pain due to myocardial ischemia.

Materials And Methods: A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial enrolled 10 males aged 42-69 years with stable effort angina (EA) of functional class II-III. When exposed to exercise tolerance test (treadmill, stress-system Sicard 460S, computed ECG), the patients developed EA attack with at least 1 mm decline of ST segment on ECG.

[Treatment of metastatic pleural effusion with intrapleural administration of bleomycetin].

The report presents data on conservative treatment of pleuritis induced by metastases from tumors of different localization by bleomycetin. After the pleural cavity was drained dry in 24 patients, bleomycetin 45 mg was introduced into it. The latter procedure was repeated in 6 cases because profuse exudation continued.

[Anti-recurrence treatment of polypous rhinosinusitis].

The authors propose a method of anti-recurrence treatment of polypous rhinosinusitides which implies drop introduction and alternating of antihistamine and antikinin drugs. The results of the treatment show that the number of recurrences reduces, remission duration increases.

[The epidemic situation of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease in the city of Tomsk].

Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis have similar principal epidemiological features chiefly associated with their basic carrier and determinants of human infection. The cases of Lyme disease, as evidenced by laboratory studies, indicate that there are active natural foci of this infection in the city, frequently combining with natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis. At the same time a great quantity of cases of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease (mixed infection) is notified in Tomsk.

[The efficacy of antithrombotic therapy after total obliteration-reversing therapy in atherosclerotic arterial occlusion of the lower extremities].

The operation of total desobliteration of the arteries (TDA) is a modification of semi-open eversive endarterectomy (EAE). Under study was frequency of thromboses of the desobliteration area, its correlation with postoperative changes of the state of hemorheology and hemocoagulation and the antithrombotic treatment of 150 patients who were operated upon for total desobliteration of the iliofemoral-popliteal segment. The patients were divided into 2 groups which had no substantial difference.

[The effect of monotherapy with nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide on the psychological characteristics and quality of life of hypertension patients].

The study comprised 25 males with Stages I-II hypertensive disease whose age was 35 to 60 years and diastolic blood pressure was 96-114 mm Hg. After 4-week administration of placebo, two groups of treatment were randomized: (1) nifedipine (corinfar), 15-80 mg daily, and (2) hydrochlorothiazide (triampur), 25-100 mg daily, for 12 weeks with subsequent crossover: between therapy course, the patients received placebo during 4 weeks. The psychological examination was performed before the patients' inclusion into the study, at the end of placebo use, 4 and 12 weeks after monotherapy with one of the active drug, by using the "Lifestyle" questionnaire, SMOL and HPPQ.

[Use of cryo-apheresis in the treatment of patients with cortisol-dependent bronchial asthma].

An attempt of cryo-apheresis treatment of cortisol dependent bronchial asthma demonstrated high efficacy of this method: the majority of the patients could do without glucocorticoid maintenance, recovered working ability. Remission duration considerably increased.

[Aromatase activity in lymphocytes of cancer patients and healthy subjects].

Conversion of androgens (aromatization) to estrogens in lymphocytes of cancer patients and healthy subjects in vitro was discovered. Aromatase activity in lymphocytes was comparable to that of fat and breast tumor tissues. It was completely suppressed in one out of two breast cancer patients receiving orimeten (aminoglutethimide).

[Study of the process of inactivating oleandomycin phosphate preparations].

Ageing of oleandomycin preparations was studied. Certain biologically inactive components accumulating on storage of the preparations were isolated and investigated. A scheme for ageing of oleandomycin phosphate preparations is described.

[The role of the adenyl cyclase system in cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus].

The adenylate cyclase system has been studied from the standpoint of its significance in cholinergic modulation of the synaptic transmission in the CA1 field of the rat hippocampal slices. Microionphoretic application of ACh as well as addition of either carbachol or tolbutamide (an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase) blocked the transmission in synapses formed by the Schaffer collaterals and commissural fibres with dendrites of carbacholine both the number of releasing quanta of the neurotransmitter and the probability of their release decreased. Atropine eliminated the inhibitory effect of carbacholine on synaptic transmission.

[Mass-spectrometric determination of specificity of proteinases].

Analysis of methods of the proteinase substrate specificity determination revealed that Michaelis constants found from the rates of hydrolysis of small synthetic substrates cannot be a good measure of selectivity, especially for proteinases of broad specificity used for hydrolysis of substrates of high molecular mass with multiple cleavage sites. Mass-spectrometric studies (ERIAD) of the hydrolysis of the insulin B chain with trypsin, chymotrypsin, and proteinase I showed that monitoring of the reaction mixtures by means of this technique gives more reliable information on the selectivity of proteinase towards high-molecular substrates.

[Ultrastructural characteristics of the localization of the enzymes of cyclic nucleotide metabolism in the mammalian brain].

The enzymes involved in cyclic nucleotide turnover (adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase, phosphodiesterase) were located in various regions of the brain, in synaptosomes and isolated synaptic membranes, using electron cytochemical methods. The interaction of the above enzymes in the processes of adrenergic and cholinergic cell reception in the CNS are discussed.

[Results of a cooperative clinical study of the Russian antineoplastic antibiotic bleomycetin].

Cooperative clinical trials of a newly-developed antibiotic--bleomycetin (a purified fraction of bleomycin A5) conducted in 172 patients at 7 oncological centers revealed a spectrum of antitumor activities similar to that displayed by Japanese-made bleomycin. When administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection in single or total doses amounting to only 50-70% of those of bleomycin (bleocin), bleomycetin proved effective in the treatment of extended squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, skin, cervix uteri, embryonal cancer of the testicle and, particularly, recurrent Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Single administration of 15-50 mg bleomycetin (total dose--50-150 mg) to serous cavities was followed by the cure of specific pleurisy and ascites in 47%.

[Bone involvement in lymphogranulomatosis (clinical, x-ray and thermographic studies)].

Clinico-roentgenologic and thermographic signs of bone involvement were studied in 53 cases of Hodgkin's disease. Although radionuclide and X-ray procedures were found to be diagnostically superior over thermography, the latter is complication-free, time-saving and can be used repeatedly. It, therefore, may be recommended as the first diagnostic procedure when bone involvement is suspected.