[Combined treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer].

The objective of this study was to improve the immediate and long-term results of combined treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The study included 128 patients with morphologically confirmed diagnosis and clinical stage cT3/T4 and N-/N+, treated from 1998 to 2009. The comparison group had 64 patients, combined treatment included prolonged preoperative radiotherapy 4 Gy and 40 Gy, surgery was performed after 4 weeks.

[Pathomorphism of rectal cancer during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy].

The pathomorphism of rectal cancer (RC) was studied in 99 patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using two drugs (5-fluorouracil and xeloda). A morphological study indicated the qualitatively similar manifestations of pathomorphism (tumor necrosis, inflammation, and sclerosis) which were more pronounced in the use of xeloda. Three degrees of the pathomorphism of RC have been identified: the tumor was unchanged, changed, and undetectable.

[The distal resection margin in rectal cancer surgery].

Spread of the tumor in the distal direction is an important factor that must be considered when performing organ-serving surgery for rectal cancer. Particular relevance it has acquired in recent years due to the general tendency to expand the indications for the preservation of natural reflex-apparatus in patients with medium- and lower-ampullar part of the rectum.

[Possibilities of radiodiagnosis in systemic connective tissue syndromes].

Two cases with a rare systemic disease are described. The first of them is as follows: a female aged 58 developed sclerodermic cardiomyopathy manifesting by cardiomegaly which resulted in myocardial infarction followed by heart aneurysm. In the second observation a female aged 60 developed mixed systemic connective-tissue Sharp-type syndrome though with calcinosis in heart structures (similarly as in Thibierge - Weissenbach syndrome) and with renal cysts, possibly of a connective-tissue origin.

[Leukocyte mobility in modulation of activity of the cell signalling system].

The mobility of the rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) has been studied. It was shown, that it is greatly determined by the balance of adenylate cyclase (AdC) and Ca-polyphosphoinositide (Ca-PPI) cell signalling systems. Various compounds whose action on the activity of the signalling systems was previously connected with the membrane receptors, proved to be capable to affect the activity of submembrane elements of these systems.

[Image processing of thymus gland tumors].

Altogether 40 thymic tumor patients were investigated. Radiograms and pneumomediastinograms were subjected to processing a posteriori (increased contrast and spatial filtration). Spatial filtration improved selective analysis of spatial frequencies of imaging.

[Image processing of thymus tumors].

Altogether 40 thymic tumor patients were investigated. Radiograms and pneumomediastinograms were subjected to processing aposteriori (increased contrast and spatial filtration). Spatial filtration improved selective analysis of spatial frequencies of imaging.

[Effect of ammonium perchlorate on calcium currents in neurons and leukocyte mobility].

NH4ClO4 has been studied for its effect on the voltage-activated calcium current (ICa) in voltage-clamp experiments on intracellularly perfused snail neurons and on the chemokinesis of rat leukocytes. It has been found that NH4ClO4 enhances ICa amplitude 1.5-5 times (EC50 = 3 mmol/l), decreases the rate of ICa decay and stimulates mobility of leukocytes 3 times (EC50 = 2.

[Roentgeno-morphological changes and reorganization of the functions of the biliary tract following resection of the stomach in peptic ulcer].

One hundred and twenty four patients (males - 102, females - 22) aged 20-59 years were investigated. The first group comprised patients (72) suffering ulcerous disease of the stomach and duodenum, the second (43) - patients investigated in the immediate postoperative period, the third (50) - patients investigated in later postoperative terms. The routine cholegraphy was performed after a standard technic.