Coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor and invasive ductal cancer in the ipsilateral breast: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare breast neoplasms, with an incidence rate of <1 %. Further, the coexistence of PTs and carcinoma is also uncommon. In this report, we describe a rare case of the synchronous coexistence of a benign PT and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the ipsilateral breast.

Breast cancer local recurrence after mastectomy with immediate latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap reconstruction: A case report.

Even though most local recurrences after autologous breast reconstruction occur in superficial tissue, they also occur in deep tissue in the reconstructed breast. A 49-year-old woman presented with a bloody discharge from the right nipple. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic area in her right breast, which was diagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ on histopathology.

Postoperative Adjuvant Anastrozole for 10 or 5 Years in Patients With Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: AERAS, a Randomized Multicenter Open-Label Phase III Trial.

Purpose: Treatment with an aromatase inhibitor for 5 years is the standard treatment for postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. We investigated the effects of extending this treatment to 10 years on disease-free survival (DFS).

Patients And Methods: This prospective, randomized, multicenter open-label phase III study assessed the effect of extending anastrozole treatment for an additional 5 years in postmenopausal patients who were disease-free after treatment with either 5 years of anastrozole alone or 2-3 years of tamoxifen followed by 2-3 years of anastrozole.

Organ-Specific Positron Emission Tomography Scanners for Breast Imaging: Comparison between the Performances of Prior and Novel Models.

The performances of photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based dedicated breast positron emission tomography (PET) and silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM)-based time-of-flight (TOF) PET, which is applicable not only to breast imaging but also to head imaging, were compared using a phantom study. A cylindrical phantom containing four spheres (3-10 mm in diameter) filled with F-FDG at two signal-to-background ratios (SBRs), 4:1 and 8:1, was scanned. The phantom images, which were reconstructed using three-dimensional list-mode dynamic row-action maximum likelihood algorithm with various β-values and post-smoothing filters, were visually and quantitatively compared.

Developmental adverse effects of trace amounts of lead: Evaluation using zebrafish model.

Lead (Pb) is widely used as a raw material for various daily necessities in human civilization. However, Pb is a major toxicant and Pb poisoning has long been a global health concern. A large body of evidence has revealed that exposure to Pb causes a variety of adverse health effects.

Capecitabine in Combination with Endocrine Therapy as Maintenance Therapy after Bevacizumab Plus Paclitaxel Induction Therapy for Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: KBCSG-TR1214.

Optimal treatment strategies for hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer (AMBC) remain uncertain. We investigated the clinical usefulness of adding capecitabine to maintenance endocrine therapy after induction chemotherapy and the efficacy of reinduction chemotherapy. Patients who had received bevacizumab-paclitaxel induction therapy and did not have progressive disease (PD) were randomized to maintenance therapy with endocrine therapy alone (group E) or endocrine plus capecitabine (1657 mg/m/day on days 1-21, q4w) (group EC).

Relationship between endocrine resistance and the periods of adjuvant endocrine treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.

Background: Current guidelines define primary and secondary endocrine resistance according to the periods of adjuvant endocrine therapy (adj-ET); however, the relationship between adj-ET period and endocrine resistance remains unclear.

Objective: We examined progression-free survival (PFS) after primary ET for recurrent hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer, and evaluated the relationship between endocrine resistance and the periods of adj-ET.

Methods: We assessed PFS among 183 patients who received ET as primary treatment for the first recurrence, according to the period of adj-ET (adj-ET < 1 year, 1-2 years, ≥2 years, and completion).

New insights into patterns of first metastatic sites influencing survival of patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer: a multicenter study of 271 patients.

Background: The initial therapeutic strategy for hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer is based on the first metastatic site; however, little evidence is available regarding the influence of metastatic distribution patterns of first metastatic sites on prognosis. In this study, we aimed to identify the metastatic distribution patterns of first metastatic sites that significantly correlate with survival after recurrence.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of records from 271 patients with recurrent metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2015.

Intake of acrylamide at the dietary relevant concentration causes splenic toxicity in adult zebrafish.

Acrylamide (AA) has recently been recognized as an immediate hazardous chemical compound owing to its various toxicities and unavoidable contamination of certain daily foods prepared at a high temperature. AA in foods is thus a worldwide concern; however, its toxicity at the dietary relevant concentration has yet to be experimentally elucidated. To determine whether dietary AA intake causes adverse health effects, adult zebrafish were fed a diet containing AA at a relevant dose for one month.

Surgical therapy for pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer.

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a disease with heterogeneous manifestations that arise from a variety of modes of spread from the primary disease. The lung is a common site of metastasis from breast cancer. A solitary lung nodule appearing on radiological examination following breast cancer treatment is likely to be diagnosed as pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer.

Multicentre, phase II study of eribulin in combination with S-1 in patients with advanced breast cancer.

Background: We previously reported the synergistic effect of S-1 and eribulin in preclinical models. In addition, our phase I study revealed the recommended dose for the phase II study of the combination therapy in advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients pre-treated with anthracycline and taxane. Our current study reports on the efficacy and safety of the combined use of eribulin and S-1 in patients with ABC and poor prognosis.

Carcinosarcoma of the breast: A case of breast conservation surgery and breast reconstruction.

Breast carcinosarcoma is an extremely rare, clinically aggressive tumor, and no standard treatment has been established. We report about a 34-year-old woman presenting with a 2.5-cm-sized carcinosarcoma in her right breast.

Pharmacological effects of TAK-828F: an orally available RORγt inverse agonist, in mouse colitis model and human blood cells of inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective And Design: To evaluate the potency of RORγt blockade for treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), the efficacy of TAK-828F, a novel RORγt inverse agonist, in anti-TNF-α mAb non-responsive mouse colitis model and effect of TAK-828F on IL-17 production in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) of anti-TNF-α naive and treatment-failure patients of IBD was investigated.

Methods And Results: The colitis model showed Th17-dependent pathogenicity and response to anti-IL-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody (mAb), but no response to anti-TNF-α mAb. In the model, TAK-828F, at oral dosages of 1 and 3 mg/kg, inhibited progression of colitis and reduced the immune reaction that characterize Th17 cells.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway activation in patients with ER-positive, metachronous, contralateral breast cancer treated with hormone therapy.

Oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive, metachronous, contralateral breast cancer (MCBC) sometimes develops during or soon after completion of hormone therapy (HT), but it is uncertain whether it is HT-resistant. We examined the association between ER-positive second cancer and activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, which are associated with HT resistance. We examined the treatment-free interval (time after completion of HT for initial cancer) in 41 patients with ER-positive MCBC with a history of adjuvant HT for initial cancer (HT group), and initial-to-second period duration (time after operation of initial cancer to onset of second cancer) in 17 patients with ER-positive MCBC in whom adjuvant HT was not applied to the initial tumour (control group or no HT group).

Response to First-line Recurrence Treatment Influences Survival in Hormone Receptor-positive, HER2-negative Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

Background/aim: Little evidence is currently available on significant determinants of post-recurrence survival for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate factors influencing post-recurrence survival in HR+/HER2-breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: A cohort of 236 patients with recurrent HR+/HER2- breast cancer was retrospectively analyzed to identify significant factors correlating with prognosis after recurrence.

Malt1 inactivation attenuates experimental colitis through the regulation of Th17 and Th1/17 cells.

Objective And Design: Protease activity of MALT lymphoma-translocation protein 1 (Malt1) plays an important role in the development of colitis, but the detailed mechanism has not been fully elucidated.

Method: Effects of Malt1 protease on the activation of T cells and the development of experimental colitis was investigated using Malt1 protease-deficient (PD) mouse.

Results: IL-2 production from CD4 T cells of Malt1 PD mice was decreased compared with that of wild-type (WT) mice.

In vitro and in vivo studies of oxidative stress responses against acrylamide toxicity in zebrafish.

Acrylamide (AA) is widely used in soil stabilization, water treatment, and industrial products and found in certain foods; however, its toxicity is an expanding global concern. Thus, to reveal the mechanisms involved in the development of, or protection from AA-induced toxicity has important significance. For this purpose, here we explored the intracellular stress response signaling pathways activated by AA exposure in zebrafish model.