Clinical findings and kidney morphology in chronic kidney disease of unknown cause in India.

Background: Chronic kidney disease of unknown cause (CKDu) is an emerging health problem in India and other countries worldwide. However, clinical descriptions, including kidney pathology, are scarce.

Methods: This is a descriptive case series of patients with CKDu from an endemic region in India, with a focus on clinical and biochemical characteristics, kidney biopsy findings, and environmental exposure.

A rare case of sarcoidosis causing granulomatous interstitial nephritis presenting as non oliguric acute renal failure in the Indian subcontinent.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by non caseating granulomatous inflammation. Sarcoidosis can affect any organ, but it most commonly involves the lungs and lymph nodes. The exact incidence of renal involvement in sarcoidosis remains unclear, but it is found to be rare.

Evaluation of arterial stiffness in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing problem worldwide. Clinical and epidemiologic studies have shown that structural and functional changes that occur in major arteries are a major contributing factor to the high mortality in uremic patients. Recent studies have shown a stepwise increase of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) from CKD Stage 1 to Stage 5.

An Open Label Parallel Group Study to Assess the Effects of Amlodipine and Cilnidipine on Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Pressures in Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertensive Patients.

Introduction: Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor, which affects both large and small arteries. Because of the associated morbidity and mortality and the cost to society, it is an important public health challenge. Population based studies have reported that large artery stiffness is an important determinant of cardiovascular events and mortality in general population and in patients with hypertension.

Calcium unresponsive hypocalcemic tetany: gitelman syndrome with hypocalcemia.

Introduction. Gitelman's syndrome (GS) is autosomal recessive renal tubular disorder characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, metabolic alkalosis, and hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism. It is usually associated with normal serum calcium.

Cutaneous manifestations in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis.

Cutaneous disorders can precede or follow the initiation of hemodialysis treatment. We evaluated the prevalence of various dermatological manifestations in patients undergoing hemodialysis at least twice a week for minimum of three months at our center. Patients were excluded if they were undergoing hemodialysis less than twice a week or on hemodialysis secondary to ESRD following graft dysfunction.

Clinical profile and outcome of conservatively managed emphysematous pyelonephritis.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe, necrotizing renal parenchymal infection characterized by production of intraparenchymal gas. EPN predominantly affects female diabetics and immunocompromised patients. In a three-year period 2008-2011, a total of 8 patients were admitted to our hospital.