AMR-Diag: Neural network based genotype-to-phenotype prediction of resistance towards β-lactams in and .

Antibiotic resistance poses a major threat to public health. More effective ways of the antibiotic prescription are needed to delay the spread of antibiotic resistance. Employment of sequencing technologies coupled with the use of trained neural network algorithms for genotype-to-phenotype prediction will reduce the time needed for antibiotic susceptibility profile identification from days to hours.

Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning: The Future of Medicine and Medical Practice.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and access to "Big Data" together with the evolving techniques in biotechnology will change the medical practice a big way. Many diseases such as type II diabetes will no longer be considered as a single disease. Many familiar cancers such as cancer of liver or pancreas will have hundreds of subtypes whose management will be very different.

Design and Validation of an Open-Source, Partial Task Trainer for Endonasal Neuro-Endoscopic Skills Development: Indian Experience.

Background: Box trainers are ideal simulators, given they are inexpensive, accessible, and use appropriate fidelity.

Objective: The development and validation of an open-source, partial task simulator that teaches the fundamental skills necessary for endonasal skull-base neuro-endoscopic surgery.

Methods: We defined the Neuro-Endo-Trainer (NET) SkullBase-Task-GraspPickPlace with an activity area by analyzing the computed tomography scans of 15 adult patients with sellar suprasellar parasellar tumors.

Self-assembly: a review of scope and applications.

Self-assembly (SA) is the preferred growth mechanism in the natural world, on scales ranging from the molecular to the macro-scale. It involves the assembling of components, which governed by a set of local interaction rules, lead to the formation of a global minimum energy structure. In this survey, the authors explore the extensive research conducted to exploit SA in three domains; first, as a bottom-up approach to fabricate semiconductor heterostructures and nano-scale devices composed of carbon nanotubes and nanowires; second, for meso-scale assembly to build systems such as three-dimensional electrical networks and microelectromechanical systems by utilising capillary force, external magnetic field and so on as the binding force; and third, as an emerging means to achieve computing via tiling, biomolecular automata and logic gates.

Quantitative analysis of the Kawase versus the modified Dolenc-Kawase approach for middle cranial fossa lesions with variable anteroposterior extension.

Object: The surgical corridor to the upper third of the clivus and ventral brainstem is hindered by critical neurovascular structures, such as the cavernous sinus, petrous apex, and tentorium. The traditional Kawase approach provides a 10 × 5-mm fenestration at the petrous apex of the temporal bone between the 5th cranial nerve and internal auditory canal. Due to interindividual variability, sometimes this area proves to be insufficient as a corridor to the posterior cranial fossa.

Quantitative analysis of variable extent of anterior clinoidectomy with intradural and extradural approaches: 3-dimensional analysis and cadaver dissection.

Background: Drilling of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) is an integral component of surgical approaches for central and paracentral skull base lesions. The technique to drill ACP has evolved from pure intradural to extradural and combined techniques.

Objective: To describe the computerized morphometric evaluation of exposure of optic nerve and internal carotid artery with proposed tailored intradural (IDAC) and complete extradural (EDAC) anterior clinoidectomy.

Free-access open-source e-learning in comprehensive neurosurgery skills training.

Background: Since the end of last century, technology has taken a front seat in dispersion of medical education. Advancements of technology in neurosurgery and traditional training methods are now being challenged by legal and ethical concerns of patient safety, resident work-hour restriction and cost of operating-room time. To supplement the existing neurosurgery education pattern, various e-learning platforms are introduced as structured, interactive learning system.