'Domesticability': were some species predisposed for domestication?

Crop domestication arises from a coevolutionary process between plants and humans, resulting in predictable and improved resources for humans. Of the thousands of edible species, many were collected or cultivated for food, but only a few became domesticated and even fewer supply the bulk of the plant-based calories consumed by humans. Why so few species became fully domesticated is not understood.

Novel Fluoroquinolones With Pinane Moiety: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity.

Here, we report a synthesis of fluoroquinolones carrying a monoterpene moiety at the C7 position of aromatic structure. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of fluoroquinolone fused with trans-3-hydroxy-cis-myrtanylamine 18 against Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA isolates) were two- to eightfold lower compared to moxifloxacin, although fourfold higher against MRSA isolates. The fluoroquinolone fused with (-)-nopylamine 16 was four- to eightfold less active on MSSA compared to moxifloxacin, while had similar activity on MRSA.

Unraveling the Liver-Brain Axis: Resveratrol's Modulation of Key Enzymes in Stress-Related Anxiety.

Stress-related anxiety disorders and anxiety-like behavior in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with altered neurocircuitry pathways, neurotransmitter systems, and the activities of monoamine and glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzymes. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychiatric properties. Previous studies suggest that resveratrol reduces anxiety-like behavior in animal PTSD models by downregulating key enzymes such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs).

Morphological Evaluation and Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Reparative Potential of the Buccal Fat Pad.

: There are many surgical techniques for oroantral communication treatment, one of which is the buccal fat pad. Of particular interest is the high reparative potential of the buccal fat pad, which may be contributed to by the presence of mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the reparative potential of BFP cells using morphological and immunohistochemical examination.

Artificial intelligence (AI) for tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor budding (TB) identification in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients: A systematic review.

Evaluation of the parameters such as tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor budding (TB) is one of the most important steps in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and cancer development prognosis. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully used to solve such problems. In this paper, we summarize the latest data on the use of artificial intelligence to predict tumor microenvironment and tumor budding in histological scans of patients with colorectal cancer.

Terpene-Functionalized Fluoroquinolones as Potential Antimicrobials: Synthesis and Properties.

This study was the first to synthesize terpene-containing conjugates of fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against gram-positive methicillin sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin resistant (MRSA) S. aureus, gram-negative P. aeruginosa as well as antifungal activity against C.

Antimicrobial and Biofilm-Preventing Activity of l-Borneol Possessing 2(5H)-Furanone Derivative F131 against S. aureus—C. albicans Mixed Cultures.

and are human pathogens that are able to form mixed biofilms on the surface of mucous membranes, implants and catheters. In biofilms, these pathogens have increased resistance to antimicrobials, leading to extreme difficulties in the treatment of mixed infections. The growing frequency of mixed infections caused by and requires either the development of new antimicrobials or the proposal of alternative approaches to increase the efficiency of conventional ones.

The Bovhyaluronidase Azoximer (Longidaza) Disrupts and -Bacterial Mixed Biofilms and Increases the Efficacy of Antifungals.

Background and Objectives: Candida albicans causes various diseases ranging from superficial mycoses to life-threatening systemic infections often associated with biofilm formation, including mixed fungal−bacterial consortia. The biofilm matrix protects cells, making Candida extremely resistant to treatment. Here, we show that the bovhyaluronidase azoximer (Longidaza®) in vitro destroys the biofilm formed by either C.

Subretinal Implantation of RPE on a Carrier in Minipigs: Guidelines for Preoperative Preparations, Surgical Techniques, and Postoperative Care.

Degenerative disorders of the retina (including age-related macular degeneration), which originate primarily at or within the retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) layer, lead to a progressive disorganization of the retinal anatomy and the deterioration of visual function. The substitution of damaged RPE cells (RPEs) with in vitro cultured RPE cells using a subretinal cell carrier has shown potential for re-establishing the anatomical structure of the outer retinal layers and is, therefore, being further studied. Here, we present the principles of a surgical technique that allows for the effective subretinal transplantation of a cell carrier with cultivated RPEs into minipigs.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a High Intraocular Pressure-Induced Retinal Ischemia Minipig Model.

Retinal ischemia (RI) and progressive neuronal death are sight-threatening conditions. Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction and fusion/fission processes have been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of RI. This study focuses on changes in the mt parameters of the neuroretina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid in a porcine high intraocular pressure (IOP)-induced RI minipig model.

Frequency comb generation in SNAP fiber resonator based on axial-azimuthal mode interactions.

We study nonlinear mode interaction in the cylindrical microresonator with nanoscale radius variation. We obtain a model which describes the interplay between azimuthal modes and investigate the nonlinear dynamics of axial-azimuthal modes. We also define regimes of generation depending on the pump parameters.

Immunogenic Properties of MVs Containing Structural Hantaviral Proteins: An Original Study.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging infectious disease that remains a global public health threat. The highest incidence rate is among zoonotic disease cases in Russia. Most cases of HFRS are reported in the Volga region of Russia, which commonly identifies the Puumala virus (PUUV) as a pathogen.

Soil invertebrates of coniferous forests along a gradient of air pollution (Komi Republic).

Background: The role of soil invertebrates in the cycle of substances, soil-forming processes and the provision of ecosystem services is undeniable. Therefore, soil invertebrates are valuable in bioindication studies. Comprehensive research of soil invertebrates in the production area of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC as the largest pulp and paper enterprise in the European part of Russia was initiated in 2003.

Occurrences of Threatened Species included in the Third Edition of the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic (Russia).

Background: The purpose of the data paper was to introduce into scientific literature the results of scientific work carried out for the third edition of the 'Red Data Book of the Komi Republic'. The article reflects methodological approaches to the formation of a list of rare and in need of protection species and describes the corresponding datasets published in GBIF.

New Information: Information about 7,187 occurrences of 438 rare species and infraspecies included in the third edition of the 'Red Data Book of the Komi Republic' have been published.

Panniculitis as a manifestation of metal-associated autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants: a case-based review.

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) is associated with a hyperergic response of the immune system. The spectrum of clinical changes in ASIA is extensive and difficult to diagnose. Panniculitis is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by lesions of the adipose tissue.

[Analysis of adequacy of actual nutrition for athletes at training camps].

An increase in special performance in elite sports requires optimization of the metabolic parameters of the organism at all stages of the annual training cycle. In this regard, it is relevant to analyze the adequacy of the actual nutrition of athletes, taking into account the energy expenditures of training loads in different seasons of the year. of this study was to analyze the integral adequacy and balance of the main and essential components of the diet of athletes in different seasonal periods of the annual training cycle.

Soil invertebrates occurrences in European North-East of Russia.

Background: The European North-East of Russia is the territory which includes the Nenets Autonomous District, represented by the East European tundra (from Kanin Peninsula to Vaigach Island), Komi Republic with its taiga ecosystems and the Urals (Northern, SubPolar and Polar). Over 20 years of systematic studies of soil fauna in the studied region has resulted in a huge amount of data being accumulated that can be analysed from different positions. Considering that the representation of Russian soil biota data, especially from European North-East of Russia in the GBIF database is not large, our data are of great interest to the scientific world community.

Display of functional nucleic acid polymerase on Escherichia coli surface and its application in directed polymerase evolution.

We report a first of its kind functional cell surface display of nucleic acid polymerase and its directed evolution to efficiently incorporate 2'-O-methyl nucleotide triphosphates (2'-OMe-NTPs). In the development of polymerase cell surface display, two autotransporter proteins (Escherichia coli adhesin involved in diffuse adherence and Pseudomonas aeruginosa esterase A [EstA]) were employed to transport and anchor the 68-kDa Klenow fragment (KF) of E. coli DNA polymerase I on the surface of E.

New records of Lumbricidae and Collembola in anthropogenic soils of East European tundra.

The terrestrial environment of the East European tundra consists of a mosaic of habitat types. In addition to the natural habitat diversity, various human-influenced types may occur. In the town of Vorkuta, Komi Republic, Russia the manure-enriched soils near hydrogen sulfide springs were observed.

[The comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment of the patients presenting with the sub-compensated form of chronic tonsillitis making use of the antiseptic herbal medicinal product in the combination with the standard conservative therapy: the results of the open randomized study].

The objective of the present study was the comparison of the effectiveness of the application of tonsilgon-N in the combination with the physical methods for sanitization of the palatine tonsil lagunes with that of the standard conservative treatment. A total of 60 patients having the confirmed diagnosis of sub-compensated form of chronic tonsillitis were recruited to participate in the study. All the patients were divided into two groups.

Behavioral and autonomic responses to real and digital reproductions of works of art.

Nowadays, works of art can be enjoyed in both their original and reproduced format. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the format of a work of art could influence physiological and cognitive responses in beholders. Two abstract works of art and their digital reproductions were selected as experimental stimuli and displayed for 2min to 60 participants in a museum.

Complete mitochondrial genome of a woolly mammoth () from Maly Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Islands, Russia) and its phylogenetic assessment.

We present a complete sequence and an annotation of the mitochondrial genome of the woolly mammoth () found in 2012 on Maly Lyakhovsky Island (North-Eastern Siberia, Russia). The genome was 16,851 bp long and contained 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes. It was AT reach (61.