[Dependence of bioelectrical activity in occipital and frontal lobes and of the function of visual pathways from blood and oxygen supply].

The dependence of occipital and frontal lobes of the brain cortex bioelectrical activity and function from blood and oxygen supply was investigated in 626 minopic and 80 children and teenagers with normal vision. Myopia was found a natural model of blood and oxygen deprivation, of decrease of bioelectrical activity of frontal and partially occipital lobes, especially. The decrease of alpha-rythme index and alpha-waves amplitude was found on EEG of occipital lobes.

[Nikolaĭ Nikalaevich Sirotinin and his school].

In a brief review of 50-year scientific activity of professor N. N. Sirotinin and his students the authors emphasize that this broad-minded scientist contributed to development of such disciplines as microbiology, pathophysiology, high-altitude, aerospace medicine.

[Medical use of stepwise adaptation to hypoxia].

The paper outlines N. N. Sirotinin's concept of the use of stepwise adaptation to diminished inspired air pO2 as a non-drug agent for the prevention and treatment of diseases whose pathogenesis hypoxia and their subsequent rehabilitation play a definite role in.

[Physical work capacity of Alpinists under conditions of extremely low pO2 in inspired air].

It is shown that high-trained Alpinists retain relatively high working capacity under conditions of extremely low piO2. Maximal oxygen uptake with extremely low piO2 decreases in high-trained Alpinists less than the working capacity which under conditions of extremely low piO2, is, mainly, limited by decreased potentiality to utilize oxygen by cardiac and skeletal muscles because of paO2 and pvO2 fall below critical values. Low paO2 promotes a decrease in the rate of oxygen diffusion from blood of capillaries into cells, fall of oxygen tension in tissues and lowering of the oxidative processes' rate.

[Oxygen utilization by muscle tissue of the dolphin Phocaena phocaena].

Studies have been made on the oxygen consumption in different parts of the cardiac muscle, as well as in deep and subcutaneous muscles of the porpoise Phocaena phocaena. It was shown that oxygen consumption in the heart (especially in the left ventricle) is higher than in skeletal muscles. The intensity of tissue respiration of deep body muscles is approximately 4 times higher than that of subcutaneous ones.

[Dynamics of the process of gas transport into the body using a mathematical model].

Dynamics of mass-transport of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and inert gases in lungs, blood, and tissues, as well as gas transport through alveolar capillary and erythrocyte membranes at rest and during exercise under normal and increased ambient pressures, were studied on a mathematical model. The model consists of 34 differential and 58 algebraic equations and makes it possible to estimate the dynamics of changes of over 90 parameters. The effect of various factors: duration of the respiratory cycle, tidal volume, airways resistance, the surface of diffusion, the resistance of alveolar-capillary wall, erythrocyte membrane, ventilation-perfusion relations, pulmonary blood shunts, blood supply to the tissues, Haldane and Verigo-Bohr effect, buffer capacity of the blood, and others) on the mass-transport of gases were quantitatively estimated.

[Changes in the body's oxygen regime in hypothalamic syndromes under the influence of hypoxic mixtures].

A study of the oxygen regimen in the organism of patients with hypothalamic syndromes (vegetative, vascular and neuroendrocrino-metabolic) according to the Lauer and Kolchinskaya method demonstrated that an inhalation of hypoxic mixture containing 15% of oxygen leads to changes in the respiration indices. Such changes were related to circulation, oxygen parameters and indicated an increase of hypoxemia under the influence of this mixture and of a significant drop in the consumption of oxygen by the tissues. This may also speak in favour of an inhibition of activities in the compensatory and adaptational mechanisms.