DNA Hybridization Measured with Graphene Transistor Arrays.

Arrays of field-effect transistors are fabricated from chemical vapor deposition grown graphene (GFETs) and label-free detection of DNA hybridization performed down to femtomolar concentrations. A process is developed for large-area graphene sheets, which includes a thin Al O layer, protecting the graphene from contamination during photolithographic patterning and a SiO capping for biocompatibility. It enables fabrication of high-quality transistor arrays, exhibiting stable close-to-zero Dirac point voltages under ambient conditions.