Ruminal methane emission and lactational performance of cows fed rapeseed cake and oats on a grass silage-based diet.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of lipid from rapeseed cake and oats on ruminal CH emission and lactational performance of dairy cows. Twelve lactating Nordic Red cows, of which 4 were primiparous, and averaging (±SD) 48 ± 22.9 DIM, 37.

Sex Differences in Outcomes of Late-Window Endovascular Stroke Therapy.

Background: The association between sex and outcome after endovascular thrombectomy of acute ischemic stroke is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and safety outcomes between men and women treated with endovascular thrombectomy in the late 6-to-24-hour window period.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective observational cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy of anterior circulation stroke in the late window from 66 clinical sites in 10 countries from January 2014 to May 2022.

Recanalization status and temporal evolution of early ischemic changes following stroke thrombectomy.

Introduction: Present-day computer tomography (CT) scanners have excellent spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio and are instrumental detecting early ischemic changes (EIC) in brain. We assessed the temporal changes of EIC based on the recanalization status after thrombectomy.

Patients And Methods: The cohort comprises consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in anterior circulation treated with thrombectomy in tertiary referral hospital.

Effects of prepartum concentrate feeding on reticular pH, plasma energy metabolites, acute phase proteins, and milk performance in grass silage-fed dairy cows.

We investigated how concentrate feeding during the last 21 d of pregnancy affects reticular pH, inflammatory response, dry matter (DM) intake, and production performance of dairy cows. We hypothesized that adding concentrates to dairy cows' diet before calving reduces the decrease in reticular pH postpartum and thus alleviates inflammatory response. We also hypothesized that prepartum concentrate feeding increases DM intake postpartum and consequently improves milk performance.

Estimating breeding values for feed efficiency in dairy cattle by regression on expected feed intake.

The efficiency with which a dairy cow utilises feed for the various physiological and metabolic processes can be evaluated by metrics that contrast realised feed intake with expected feed intake. In this study, we presented a new metric - regression on expected feed intake (ReFI). This metric is based on the idea of regressing DM intake (DMI) on expected DMI using a random regression model, where energy requirement formulations are applied for the calculation of expected DMI covariables.

Short communication: Predicting blood plasma non-esterified fatty acid and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations from cow milk-addressing systematic issues in modelling.

Negative energy status in early lactation is linked to a variety of metabolic disorders, reduced fertility, and decreased milk production. To improve the energy status of cows by breeding and management, the identification of negative energy status is crucial. While biomarkers such as non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood plasma could be used to identify a negative energy state, measuring them directly from blood is both invasive and expensive.

Effects of forage and grain legume-based silages supplemented with faba bean meal or rapeseed expeller on lactational performance, nitrogen utilization, and plasma amino acids in dairy cows.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of forage type [red clover (51%)-grass silage, i.e., RCG; vs.

Processed fava bean as a substitute for rapeseed meal with or without rumen-protected methionine supplement in grass silage-based dairy cow diets.

Fava bean offers a sustainable home-grown protein source for dairy cows, but fava bean protein is extensively degraded in the rumen and has low Met concentration. We studied the effects of protein supplementation and source on milk production, rumen fermentation, N use, and mammary AA utilization. The treatments were unsupplemented control diet, and isonitrogenously given rapeseed meal (RSM), processed (dehulled, flaked, and heated) fava bean without (TFB) or with rumen-protected (RP) Met (TFB+).

Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Extended Time Window: Real-Life Experience in a High-Volume Center.

Objectives: Selected patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) or internal carotid artery occlusion benefit from endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in extended time window (6-24 h from last seen well) based on two landmark randomized controlled trials (RCTs) DAWN and DEFUSE-3. We evaluated patients' outcome in the real-life with the focus on adherence to protocol of the two RCTs.

Materials And Methods: We included consecutive patients with AIS (excluding basilar artery occlusions) referred to EVT in our stroke center in the extended time window between January 2018 and December 2019 and compared the outcome of patients who fulfilled criteria of the RCTs with those who did not.

Recanalization treatment for acute ischemic stroke: 3-month outcome before and after implementation of routine endovascular treatment.

Background And Purpose: Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke has become a recommended treatment option for selected patients after several randomized controlled trials have shown the effectiveness of endovascular treatment. Due to the nature of randomized clinical trials, the generalizability to population based real life settings and the resulting benefits remain difficult to estimate.

Methods: We included 896 consecutive patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 4.

Heavy metals from heavy land use? Spatio-temporal patterns of urban runoff metal loads.

Urban hydrology is characterized by increased runoff and various pollutant sources. We studied the spatio-temporal patterns of stormwater metal (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) concentrations and loads in five urbanized and one rural catchment in Southern Finland. The two-year continuous monitoring revealed a non-linear seasonal relationship between catchment urban intensity and metal export.

The effect of urban morphological characteristics on the spatial variation of PM air quality in downtown Nanjing.

The effects of the urban morphological characteristics on the spatial variation of near-surface PM air quality were examined. Unlike previous studies, we performed the analyses in real urban environments using continuous observations covering the whole scale of urban densities typically found in cities. We included data from 31 measurement stations divided into 8 different wind sectors with individually defined morphological characteristics leading to highly varying urban characteristics.

Mid-infrared spectroscopic analysis of raw milk to predict the blood nonesterified fatty acid concentrations in dairy cows.

In high-yielding dairy cattle, severe postpartum negative energy balance is often associated with metabolic and infectious disorders that negatively affect production, fertility, and welfare. Mobilization of adipose tissue associated with negative energy balance is reflected through an increased level of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the blood plasma. Earlier, identification of negative energy balance through detection of increased blood plasma NEFA concentration required laborious and stressful blood sampling.

Body and milk traits as indicators of dairy cow energy status in early lactation.

The inclusion of feed intake and efficiency traits in dairy cow breeding goals can lead to increased risk of metabolic stress. An easy and inexpensive way to monitor postpartum energy status (ES) of cows is therefore needed. Cows' ES can be estimated by calculating the energy balance from energy intake and output and predicted by indicator traits such as change in body weight (ΔBW), change in body condition score (ΔBCS), milk fat:protein ratio (FPR), or milk fatty acid (FA) composition.

The effect of partial substitution of rapeseed meal and faba beans by Spirulina platensis microalgae on milk production, nitrogen utilization, and amino acid metabolism of lactating dairy cows.

Alternative protein sources such as microalgae and faba beans may have environmental benefits over rapeseed. We studied the effects of rapeseed meal (RSM) or faba beans (FB) as a sole protein feed or as protein feeds partially substituted with Spirulina platensis (spirulina) microalgae on milk production, N utilization, and AA metabolism of dairy cows. Eight multiparous Finnish Ayrshire cows (113 ± 36.

Effects of dry period energy intake on insulin resistance, metabolic adaptation, and production responses in transition dairy cows on grass silage-based diets.

High energy intake in the dry period has reportedly had adverse effects on mobilization of body reserves, dry matter intake, and productivity of dairy cows. We investigated whether grass silage (GS) fed ad libitum (high energy intake, HEI; 141% of daily metabolizable energy requirements) in an 8-wk dry period affects metabolic adaptation-specifically, peripheral insulin resistance-compared with a total mixed ration consisting of GS, wheat straw, and rapeseed meal (55/40/5%; controlled energy intake, CEI; 108% of metabolizable energy/d) fed ad libitum. Multiparous Ayrshire dairy cows (n = 16) were used in a randomized complete block design until 8 wk after parturition.

Publisher Correction: The composition of the perinatal intestinal microbiota in cattle.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Drug-Coated Versus Plain Balloon Angioplasty In Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Randomized, Controlled Study With 1-Year Follow-Up (The Drecorest Ii-Study).

Background And Aims:: Stenosis due to intimal hyperplasia and restenosis after initially successful percutaneous angioplasty are common reasons for failing arteriovenous fistulas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drug-coated balloons in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula stenosis.

Design:: Single-center, parallel group, randomized controlled trial.

Drug-Coated versus Plain Balloon Angioplasty in Bypass Vein Grafts (the DRECOREST I-Study).

Background: Stenosis is a known complication in bypass vein grafts for peripheral arterial disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in the treatment of vein graft stenoses. DCBs may prevent restenosis in arterial lesions.

Prepartal high-energy feeding with grass silage-based diets does not disturb the hepatic adaptation of dairy cows during the periparturient period.

The liver of dairy cow naturally undergoes metabolic adaptation during the periparturient period in response to the increasing demand for nutrients. The hepatic adaptation is affected by prepartal energy intake level and is potentially associated with inflammatory responses. To study the changes in the liver function during the periparturient period, 16 cows (body condition score = 3.

The composition of the perinatal intestinal microbiota in cattle.

Recent research suggests that the microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine may begin before birth, but the observations are controversial due to challenges in the reliable sampling and analysis of low-abundance microbiota. We studied the perinatal microbiota of calves by sampling them immediately at birth and during the first postnatal week. The large size of the bovine newborns allows sampling directly from rectum using contamination-shielded swabs.

Dietary supplement of conjugated linoleic acids or polyunsaturated fatty acids suppressed the mobilization of body fat reserves in dairy cows at early lactation through different pathways.

To investigate the metabolic changes in the adipose tissue (AT) of dairy cows under milk fat depression (MFD), 30 cows were randomly allocated to a control diet, a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-supplemented diet, or a high-starch diet supplemented with a mixture of sunflower and fish oil (2:1; as HSO diet) from 1 to 112 d in milk. Performance of animals, milk yield, milk composition, energy balance, and blood metabolites were measured during lactation. Quantitative PCR analyses were conducted on the AT samples collected at wk 3 and 15 of lactation.

Effects of dietary energy allowance and decline in dry matter intake during the dry period on responses to glucose and insulin in transition dairy cows.

We assessed whether high energy intake during the early dry period [144% of metabolizable energy (ME) requirements/d] followed by a gradual restriction of energy intake in the close-up dry period (119% of ME/d; HEI) impaired whole-body insulin sensitivity compared with a controlled energy intake (100% of ME/d; CEI) throughout the 6-wk dry period. Multiparous Ayrshire dairy cows (n = 16) were blocked by body weight, body condition score, and expected date of parturition and were used in a randomized complete block design until 10 d after parturition. Cows were fed either HEI or CEI diets based on grass silage during the first 3 wk of the dry period and grass silage supplemented with a commercial concentrate (30% of ME intake) during the final 3 wk of gestation.