Assessing knowledge about medical physics in language-generative AI with large language model: using the medical physicist exam.

This study aimed to evaluate the performance for answering the Japanese medical physicist examination and providing the benchmark of knowledge about medical physics in language-generative AI with large language model. We used questions from Japan's 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 medical physicist board examinations, which covered various question types, including multiple-choice questions, and mainly focused on general medicine and medical physics. ChatGPT-3.

Development of deep learning-based novel auto-segmentation for the prostatic urethra on planning CT images for prostate cancer radiotherapy.

Urinary toxicities are one of the serious complications of radiotherapy for prostate cancer, and dose-volume histogram of prostatic urethra has been associated with such toxicities in previous reports. Previous research has focused on estimating the prostatic urethra, which is difficult to delineate in CT images; however, these studies, which are limited in number, mainly focused on cases undergoing brachytherapy uses low-dose-rate sources and do not involve external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). In this study, we aimed to develop a deep learning-based method of determining the position of the prostatic urethra in patients eligible for EBRT.

Significant Weight Gain With the Administration of Lurasidone and Valproic Acid in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Patients.

Antipsychotics are frequently used to treat psychiatric disorders and have been associated with weight gain. Mental disorders are likely to reduce patients' quality of life. Unhealthy lifestyles such as reduced physical activity, sleep disturbances, and irregular diets can lead to weight gain.

Association of worker's mental health with changes in exercise time, going-out time, and screen time (TV time, internet time, and game time) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and government regulations have affected the daily lives and mental health of individuals worldwide. This study aimed to determine how much the change in time spent on exercise (exercise time), outdoor activities ("going-out" time), and screen usage (screen time) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic has affected mental health (depression, anxiety, and insomnia). In June 2021, during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, a web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in Japan through an online research company.

Adoption of inpatient family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa: A case report.

Background: Family-based treatment (FBT) is effective for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) in children and adolescents. However, its availability in Japan is limited because it requires adherence to specific guidelines, commitment of sufficient time for frequent outpatient treatment, as well as the entire family's participation. We present a case of a patient with AN who was treated with modified FBT during hospitalization.

Delayed recognition of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a girl with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency: A case report.

Rationale: Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, a urea cycle disorder, is a rare congenital metabolic error that leads to hyperammonemia. Psychiatric symptoms of hyperammonemia are nonspecific and can cause autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like symptoms and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms. Some studies report that OTC deficiency is often initially diagnosed as ASD or ADHD.

Optimal uric acid reduction to improve vascular endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure complicated by hyperuricemia.

Although an association of serum uric acid levels with endothelial function has been shown in various clinical settings, the optimal treatment target that would benefit vascular endothelial function has not been established. We, therefore, conducted a post hoc analysis of the Excited-UA study to identify an optimal target. Patients (N = 133) with chronic heart failure and comorbid hyperuricemia who enrolled in the Excited-UA study were divided into three tertiles based on their serum uric acid level 24 weeks after initiating xanthine oxidase inhibitor treatment with topiroxostat or allopurinol (i.

Associations between Internet Addiction, Psychiatric Comorbidity, and Maternal Depression and Anxiety in Clinically Referred Children and Adolescents.

Purpose: Internet addiction (IA) has become a global problem and is one of the most common reasons for children to be referred for intervention because IA results in social and educational dysfunction and conflict with parents. IA is associated with various comorbid psychiatric disorders, with notable association between IA and family factors. However, little is known about parental psychopathology.

Prolonged extrapyramidal symptoms induced by long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis: A case report.

Background: Antipsychotics with dopamine (D2) receptor antagonism can be effective for emesis in cancer patients. Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) induced by typical antipsychotics can be exacerbated by other D2 receptor antagonists. We describe a case of persistent EPS induced by long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis.

Associations Between Chronic Irritability and Sensory Processing Difficulties in Children and Adolescents.

Irritability is one of the most common reasons for which children and adolescents are referred for psychiatric evaluation and care. However, clinical irritability is difficult to define; thus, its prevalence varies widely. Chronic irritability may be associated with sensory processing difficulties (SPD), but little is known about the relationship between these two factors in clinical populations.

Wrinkle force microscopy: a machine learning based approach to predict cell mechanics from images.

Combining experiments with artificial intelligence algorithms, we propose a machine learning based approach called wrinkle force microscopy (WFM) to extract the cellular force distributions from the microscope images. The full process can be divided into three steps. First, we culture the cells on a special substrate allowing to measure both the cellular traction force on the substrate and the corresponding substrate wrinkles simultaneously.

Relationships between Occupational Stress, Change in Work Environment during the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Non-Healthcare Workers in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to clarify the effect of occupational stress and changes in the work environment on non-healthcare workers' (HCWs) mental health during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. A web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted from 16 to 17 December 2020. Data from 807 non-HCWs were included.

Utility of olfactory identification test for screening of cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: There is a need for a large-scale screening test that can be used to detect dementia in older individuals at an early stage. Olfactory identification deficits have been shown to occur in the early stages of dementia, indicating their usefulness in screening tests. This study investigated the utility of an olfactory identification test as a screening test for mild cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older people.

Surfaces With Finger-Sized Concave Feel Softer.

The judgment of elastic softness is determined not only by mechanical parameters related to hardness, such as the elastic modulus and stiffness, but also by macroscopic surface features. This study experimentally demonstrates that objects with a finger-sized concave with a depth of 1-3 mm feel softer than flat surfaces made of the same materials when they are pushed by a finger. In Experiment 1, participants judged the surfaces of a rigid material with thumb-sized concaves to be softer than the flat and convex surfaces.

Intra-individual state-dependent comparison of plasma mitochondrial DNA copy number and IL-6 levels in patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have increased plasma IL-6 levels, which are higher in depressed BD (dBD) than remitted BD (rBD). However, the mechanism that differentiates the cytokine levels between dBD and rBD is not understood. First, we determined whether brain-derived mtDNA can be detected in plasma using neuron-specific mutant Polg1 transgenic (Tg) mice.

Relationship between initial self-perceived depressive symptoms and disease severity in working patients with first-onset major depressive disorder.

The severity of major depressive disorder (MDD), which is related to the depressive symptoms, is a predictor of clinical outcomes and may be used to determine the appropriate treatment. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the relationship between early depressive symptoms and MDD severity. This study aimed to clarify the association between initial depressive symptoms and MDD severity in working patients.

COVID-19 phobia in a boy with undiagnosed autism spectrum disorder: A case report.

Rationale: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting mental health profoundly. Previous studies have reported pandemic-related anxiety. Anxiety disorder and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are common comorbidities.

Nervonic acid level in cerebrospinal fluid is a candidate biomarker for depressive and manic symptoms: A pilot study.

Objective: Our previous metabolomics study showed that the plasma nervonic acid levels were higher in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) than those in healthy controls and patients with bipolar disorder (BD). To examine whether the nervonic acid levels differ in the central nervous system, we investigated the levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with MDD, BD, and healthy controls.

Methods: Nervonic acid levels in CSF were measured by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry.