Effect of individualized occupational therapy on cognition among patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of individualized occupational therapy (IOT) plus group occupational therapy (GOT) as standard care for cognition compared to GOT alone, and to determine which IOT component has the greatest effect on cognitive outcome in patients with schizophrenia. This study was conducted at 14 clinical sites across Japan and enrolled recently hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. The IOT consisted of motivational interview, self-monitoring, individualized visits, craft activities, individualized psychoeducation, and discharge planning.

Effect of individualized occupational therapy on social functioning in patients with schizophrenia: A five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of adding individualized occupational therapy (IOT) to a three-months group occupational therapy (GOT) on social functioning in inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder at a follow-up investigation five-years after discharge. Initially, patients were randomly assigned to GOT + IOT or GOT alone, with 102 patients, 48 in GOT + IOT and 54 in GOT alone, completing the five years follow-up. The primary outcome was change in social functioning assessed by the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) from baseline to five-year follow-up.

Aerobic exercise and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study serves as an update to a recent systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the effect of aerobic exercise on cognition in schizophrenia and determine the most effective method of aerobic exercise. We searched for controlled studies investigating the effect of aerobic exercise on cognition in schizophrenia published until January 2021. Fifteen studies were included.

Relationship between Sensitivity Tendency and Psychological Stress Reactivity in Healthy Students.

This study examined the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity and psychological stress reactivity in 69 healthy Japanese university students. The Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale and the Japanese version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile were used for subjective assessment. The Galvanic skin response was measured as an objective measure of stress responses while the participants were completing the Stroop task.

Efficacy of Metacognitive Training for Patients With Schizophrenia in Psychiatric Emergency Wards: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Metacognitive training (MCT) is a group program for improving cognitive bias in patients with schizophrenia. MCT has a reported positive effect on psychiatric symptoms and cognitive bias in patients with schizophrenia, but the effect of the intervention on patients with schizophrenia in the early recovery stage during hospitalization is not comprehensible. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of MCT in the early recovery stage of patients with schizophrenia in a Japanese emergency psychiatric ward.

Aerobic exercise and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia: Results of a 1-year follow-up from a randomized controlled trial.

We previously reported that adding combined, individual, and group aerobic exercise (AE) interventions to the treatment as usual (TAU) for schizophrenia showed significant improvements in cognition and other outcomes compared to those with TAU alone in a randomized controlled trial. Following the promising results of our previous study, this 1-year follow-up study evaluated the improvements in cognition and other outcomes with TAU + AE compared to those with TAU alone. Of 41 randomized patients, 40 were included in the intent-to-treat population-20 in the TAU + AE and 20 in the TAU alone; all patients completed the 1-year follow-up.

Comparison of in vitro development of porcine nuclear-transferred oocytes receiving fetal somatic cells by injection and fusion methods.

The present study compared the potential of nuclear-transferred porcine oocytes receiving fetal somatic cells by direct injection and cell fusion procedures to develop into blastocysts. After brief treatment of in vitro matured oocytes with demecolcine and sucrose, the protrusion containing the condensed chromosome mass was mechanically removed. Single donor cells were fused with enucleated oocytes following electric pulses or injected into oocytes by piezo-actuated microinjection.