Clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections in Brazilian ICUs: a multicenter prospective cohort.

Background: Limited data is available to evaluate the burden of device associated healthcare infections (HAI) [central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)] in low and-middle-income countries. Our aim is to investigate the population attributable mortality fraction and the absolute mortality difference of HAI in a broad population of critically ill patients from Brazil.

Methods: Multicenter cohort study from September 2019 to December 2023 with prospective individual patient data collection.

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog Taltirelin Inhibits Acute and Chronic Itch in Mice.

Itch is an unpleasant sensation that induces a desire to scratch. Chronic itch is accompanied by inflammatory skin diseases and causes repetitive scratching leading to tissue damage. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog taltirelin exerts analgesic effects on acute and chronic pain by activating the descending inhibitory systems.

Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Controls Colonic Prostaglandin E Production and Exerts a Protective Effect on Colitis Induced by Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid in Mice.

Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an isozyme of the prostaglandin (PG) E synthase that acts downstream of cyclooxygenase and catalyzes the conversion of PGH to PGE. The impact of genetic deletion of mPGES-1 on the development of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, a well-established model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), was investigated in this study. After administration of TNBS, mice deficient in mPGES-1 (mPGES-1 mice) showed more severe colitis than did wild-type (WT) mice.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis with lacrimal gland enlargement and pancreatic swelling: A case report and a literature review.

A 62-year-old man had bilateral eyelid swelling for 4 months. Two months before admission, he developed fatigue and lost 5 kg of body weight. Further examination revealed elevated serum C-reactive protein, normal angiotensin-converting enzyme, elevated proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA), and normal immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 concentration.

Genetic and pathophysiological insights from autopsied patient with primary familial brain calcification: novel MYORG variants and astrocytic implications.

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is a genetic neurological disorder characterized by symmetric brain calcifications that manifest with variable neurological symptoms. This study aimed to explore the genetic basis of PFBC and elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Six patients from four pedigrees with brain calcification were enrolled.

Comparative analysis of non-coding and coding DNA mutations in flat urothelial lesions: biological implications and insights.

Recent research in urothelial carcinoma (UC) has focused on coding mutations, leaving the significance of non-coding mutations unexplored. This study aims to evaluate non-coding DNA mutation frequencies compared to coding regions in normal urothelium and flat lesions, exploring their implications for tumor biology. Using targeted next-generation sequencing with UC-related gene panel, we analyzed non-coding and coding DNA mutation frequencies across 119 samples of flat urothelium encompassing various lesion types.

Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma: A Case Revealed During 8-Year of Follow-up with CT imaging.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare, benign tumor. Given the challenges of a bronchoscopic diagnosis, surgery is performed during the early stages of the disease. Therefore, little is known about the growth pattern of PSP.

Small sized centroblasts as poor prognostic factor in follicular lymphoma - Based on artificial intelligence analysis.

Histological assessment of centroblasts is an important evaluation in the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma, but there is substantial observer variation in assessment among hematopathologists. We aimed to perform quantitative morphological analysis of centroblasts in follicular lymphoma using new artificial intelligence technology in relation to the clinical prognosis. Hematoxylin and eosin slides of lesions were prepared from 36 cases of follicular lymphoma before initial chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy followed by resection for superior sulcus tumour with high PD-L1 expression: A case report.

The standard treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) located in the superior sulcus is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by highly invasive resection. Based on the results of the CheckMate 816 trial, which showed a marked improvement in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy, we report a case of minimally invasive resection after neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy for superior sulcus NSCLC, resulting in a pathologic complete response. The patient was a 76-year-old man with a 65-mm right superior sulcus tumour diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma with 95% PD-L1.

Successful thoracoscopic operative approach for refractory pneumothorax in interstitial lung disease under local anaesthesia.

Refractory pneumothorax associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a challenging condition due to the patient's tolerability and lung compliance that restrict the feasibility of aggressive interventions. Additionally, many cases recur after improvement with treatment, and reports of successful management for this complicated condition are limited. Herein, we report the case of a 60-year-old man with ILD, utilizing home oxygen therapy, who experienced a successful recovery from a surgical intervention under local anaesthesia for pneumothorax.

Functional vagal paraganglioma developing 15 years after resection of a retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

The patient, a 40-year-old woman, was diagnosed as having a functional right vagal paraganglioma (PGL) 15 years after undergoing resection for a retroperitoneal PGL. I-MIBG scintigraphy showed no accumulation, but as the blood noradrenaline and urinary normetanephrine concentrations were elevated, the tumor was judged as being functional, and surgery was scheduled. The patient was started on doxazosin infusion and embolization of the tumor feeding vessel was performed before the surgery.

Zero-leak prediction during major lung resection aiming for minimal chest drainage duration: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Early chest tube removal should be considered to enhance recovery after surgery. The current study aimed to provide a predictive algorithm for air leak episodes (ALE) and to create a knowledge base for early chest tube removal.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent thoracoscopic anatomical pulmonary resections in our unit.

Primary results of the brazilian registry of atherothrombotic disease (NEAT).

There is limited contemporary prospective real-world evidence of patients with chronic arterial disease in Latin America. The Network to control atherothrombosis (NEAT) registry is a national prospective observational study of patients with known coronary (CAD) and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Brazil. A total of 2,005 patients were enrolled among 25 sites from September 2020 to March 2022.

Carbohydrate-binding ability of a recombinant protein containing the DM9 motif from Drosophila melanogaster.

Proteins containing DM9 motifs, which were originally identified in the Drosophila melanogaster genome, are widely distributed in various organisms and are assumed to be involved in their innate immune response. In this study, we produced a recombinant protein of CG13321 (rCG13321) from D. melanogaster, which consists of four DM9 motifs, in Escherichia coli cells.

A novel homozygous HPDL variant in Japanese siblings with autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia: case report and literature review.

Biallelic variants of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-like (HPDL) gene have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders ranging from severe neonatal encephalopathy to early-onset spastic paraplegia. We identified a novel homozygous variant, c.340G > T (p.

Double Negativity of MRI-Detected and Pathologically-Diagnosed Extramural Venous Invasion is a Favorable Prognostic Factor for Rectal Cancer.

Background: Extramural venous invasion (EMVI) is a prognostic factor in rectal cancer. There are two types: EMVI detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (mr-EMVI) and EMVI detected by pathology (p-EMVI). They have been separately evaluated, but they have not yet been concurrently evaluated.

Artificial Intelligence Detected the Relationship Between Nuclear Morphological Features and Molecular Abnormalities of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma and has characteristic nuclear features. Genetic abnormalities of PTC affect recent molecular target therapeutic strategy towards RET-altered cases, and they affect clinical prognosis and progression. However, there has been insufficient objective analysis of the correlation between genetic abnormalities and nuclear features.

Multifaceted Strategy Based on Automated Text Messaging After a Recent Heart Failure Admission: The MESSAGE-HF Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Readmissions after an index heart failure (HF) hospitalization are a major contemporary health care problem.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an intensive telemonitoring strategy in the vulnerable period after an HF hospitalization.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 30 HF clinics in Brazil.

Minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule that was difficult to differentiate from lung adenocarcinoma due to specific computed tomography findings changes: A case report.

Minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs) are benign lesions characterized by the appearance of ground-glass nodules (GGN) on computed tomography (CT). In the present case, an MPMN gradually developed into a substantial component during chest CT follow-up, and the GGN gradually transformed into a part-solid nodule. The imaging course described in this case is quite unique.