Publications by authors named "Koji Takeda"

A high-efficiency InGaAsP Mach-Zehnder modulator is integrated with hydrogen-free deuterated silicon nitride (SiN:D) waveguide circuits on a Si substrate. A thin InP-based layer provides a high optical confinement factor of around 50% and enables easy optical coupling to the SiN:D waveguides, which are fabricated by a low-temperature backend process. The fabricated Mach-Zehnder modulator with a 300-μm-long phase shifter shows a VL of 0.

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Background: Bridge to transplantation (BTT) with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is a mainstay of therapy for heart failure in patients awaiting heart transplantation (HT). Criteria for HT listing do not differ between patients medically managed and those mechanically bridged to HT. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the impact of BTT with LVAD on posttransplantation survival, to describe differences in causes of 1-year mortality in medically and mechanically bridged patients, and to evaluate differences in risk factors for 1-year mortality between those with and those without LVAD at the time of HT.

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Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) in predicting outcomes after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and explore possible mechanisms of post-operative hemodynamic instability.

Methods: Retrospective review was performed in 418 consecutive patients with LVAD implantation. VIS was calculated as dopamine + dobutamine + 10 × milrinone + 100 × epinephrine + 100 × norepinephrine (all μg/kg/min) + 10000 × vasopressin (U/kg/min) after initial stabilization in the operating room and upon arrival at the intensive care unit.

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Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs) are increasingly used in advanced heart failure patients. Recent studies suggest that low socioeconomic status (SES) predicts worst survival after heart transplantation. Both individual-level and neighborhood-level SES (nSES) have been linked to cardiovascular health; however, the impact of SES in CF-LVAD patients remains unknown.

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Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is an established method of short-term mechanical support for patients in cardiogenic shock, but can create left ventricular (LV) distension. This paper analyzes the physiologic basis of this phenomenon and treatment methods. This is a retrospective review of the existing literature on VA ECMO and LV distension.

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The HeartMate II (HMII) left ventricular assist device can be exchanged to HeartMate 3 (HM3) to reduce the risk of device thrombosis and stroke. However, data of this procedure are still limited. We reviewed early and mid-term outcomes of 9 patients who received a HMII to HM3 exchange at our institution.

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Background: Outcomes have improved in patients bridged to heart transplant on contemporary continuous-flow ventricular assist devices over the past decade. We evaluated mechanical circulatory support as a means to bridge patients to cardiac retransplantation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 464 patients who underwent cardiac retransplant from the United Network for Organ Sharing database between January 2006 and November 2016.

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Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) can be life-saving in refractory cardiogenic shock but carries a risk of neurologic complications such as stroke and hemorrhage. As little is known about the effects of different peripheral VA-ECMO cannulation sites on cerebral blood flow (CBF), transcranial Doppler (TCD) was used to determine whether the cannulation site affects CBF.

Methods: Thirty-seven patients receiving VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock via axillary or femoral artery cannulation were prospectively enrolled.

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Background Cardiogenic shock ( CS ) following acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) portends a poor prognosis. Both venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( VA - ECMO ) and a percutaneous ventricular assist device ( pVAD ) provide hemodynamic support for patients with CS, but little is known about the best device for this population. We sought to compare outcomes of AMI patients treated with these devices.

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The insect male accessory gland (MAG) is an internal reproductive organ responsible for the synthesis and secretion of seminal fluid components, which play a pivotal role in the male reproductive strategy. In many species of insects, the effective ejaculation of the MAG products is essential for male reproduction. For this purpose, the fruit fly Drosophila has evolved binucleation in the MAG cells, which causes high plasticity of the glandular epithelium, leading to an increase in the volume of seminal fluid that is ejaculated.

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Objective: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a useful treatment for severe primary graft dysfunction after heart transplant. The ideal timing of initiation is unknown.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 362 adult heart transplant recipients at our center between January 2011 and December 2017.

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Primary graft failure (PGF) after heart transplantation (HT) is a devastating and unexpected event characterized by failure of the graft to adequately support recipient circulation necessitating high doses of vasopressors and inotropes and/or temporary mechanical circulatory support. Although it represents an increasingly common event in the current era, there remains a high degree of variability in prevalence, reported risk factors, and approach to this clinical entity. The purpose of the current review is to highlight preoperative considerations including known incidence and risk factors, perioperative issues involving the identification and management of PGF, and postoperative decisions related to weaning of mechanical circulatory support and titration of immunosuppressive therapy.

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Background: The use of short-term mechanical circulatory support (ST-MCS) has increased for refractory cardiogenic shock. However, there are scant data about bridge-to-recovery patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 502 patients with cardiogenic shock who received venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or a temporary surgical ventricular assist device as ST-MCS between 2010 and 2016.

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Introduction: Amiodarone use prior to heart transplant is independently associated with a higher rate of severe primary graft dysfunction and in-hospital mortality. Amiodarone may also alter the pharmacokinetics of medications metabolized via cytochrome P450. No data exist regarding the interaction between pretransplant amiodarone and tacrolimus concentrations.

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Introduction: The East Asia S-1 Trial in Lung Cancer (EAST-LC) was a randomized phase III study conducted in East Asia that demonstrated the non-inferiority of S-1 to docetaxel in previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we reported the results of the Japanese subgroup treated with docetaxel 60 mg/m, the standard dosage in Japan.

Patients And Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either S-1 or docetaxel.

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Objectives: This study examined sex-related differences in use and outcomes of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs) among individuals awaiting heart transplantation using the United Network for Organ Sharing registry.

Background: Advanced therapies for heart failure including CF-LVADs remain underused in women. There have been contradictory results regarding sex-specific outcomes.

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Several studies have investigated early outcomes with a surgical short-term ventricular assist device (VAD), but little is known about adverse event profile during prolonged support with a surgical short-term VAD. This is a retrospective analysis of 161 patients who received a CentriMag ventricular assist system (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) at our institution between January 2007 and June 2014. Device-related adverse events include major bleeding, infection, and stroke incidents occurring during CentriMag support.

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Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a widely used form of mechanical circulatory support in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. A common drawback of this modality is a resultant increase in left ventricular afterload.

Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy and safety of left ventricular unloading strategies during VA-ECMO in adult patients with cardiogenic shock.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers explored the use of a dried amorphous sugar matrix for dispersing hydrophobic drugs but found it was physically unstable due to a low glass transition temperature (T).
  • The study examined α-maltose in methanol, noting that its molar volume was about 30% smaller in methanol, and it had stronger hydrogen bonding than when dissolved in water.
  • Heating the methanol-based amorphous α-maltose improved its stability and increased its T, leading to better dissolution of indomethacin and ibuprofen, while curcumin's dissolution was negatively affected.
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A prospective study has previously reported on the incidence of bone metastasis (BM) and skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with advanced lung cancer. The aim of the present study was to prospectively investigate how the quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced lung cancer was affected by SREs. Patients with stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC) at any stage were followed up every four weeks to determine if they had developed SREs.

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Purpose: Although gene expression profiling is a promising diagnostic technique to determine the tissue of origin for patients with cancer of unknown primary site (CUP), no clinical trial has evaluated yet site-specific therapy directed by this approach compared with empirical chemotherapy. We therefore performed a randomized study to assess whether such site-specific therapy improves outcome compared with empirical chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with CUP.

Patients And Methods: Comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed by microarray analysis, and an established algorithm was applied to predict tumor origin.

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Toward the realization of low-cost, long-, and extended-reach 400GbE data-center applications, the performance of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) signals is studied using a state-of-the-art, high-performance 1.3-μm distributed feedback directly modulated laser, without any optical amplification or complex digital processing. Amplifierless PAM-4 transmissions of up to 64-Gb/s are achieved over 40 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) for standard KP4-FEC, while 84-Gb/s PAM-8 signals are evaluated over 10 km SSMF.

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Background: Little is known about palliative care consultation (PCC) for patients with cardiogenic shock requiring short-term mechanical circulatory support (STMCS).

Objective: To describe the utilization of PCC in this population.

Design: Retrospective cohort study in a university medical center intensive care unit (ICU).

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Article Synopsis
  • Early right ventricular (RV) failure can occur after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, and using a percutaneous right ventricular assist device (pRVAD) offers a less invasive option compared to surgical RVAD (sRVAD).
  • A study comparing 19 patients with pRVAD and 21 with sRVAD showed significant hemodynamic improvements with pRVAD and fewer complications, including less need for blood transfusions and shorter ICU and hospital stays.
  • While there was no major difference in 30-day mortality, pRVAD led to a trend toward higher rates of discharge without the need for hemodialysis, suggesting it is a viable alternative to sRVAD.
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